Brithenese

Revision as of 09:06, 28 July 2023 by Sjacik (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{{construction}} [[Category:{{subst:PAGENAME}}]] Category:Languages Category:Conlangs Category:Artlangs Category:A_posteriori Category:Indo-European_languages Category:Romance_Languages {{Infobox language | name = ''Brithenese'' |- | nativename = ''britheneyses, bridenaises'' | pronunciation = /bri.ðe.ˈnai.zəs/ |- | creator = sjacik | setting = ''Unnamed Alternate Timeline'' |- | state = Scotland | fam1 = w:Indo-European_languages|Indo-Euro...")
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Brithenese
britheneyses, bridenaises
Pronunciation[/bri.ðe.ˈnai.zəs/]
Created bysjacik
SettingUnnamed Alternate Timeline
Native toScotland
Early form
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Brithenese /brɪ.ðə.ˈniːz/ is an endangered Romance language spoken in central Scotland.

Introduction

Bridansh is spoken in the same world as Modern Gothic. The point of divergence is that around the 1st century AD, magic became real. Roughly speaking, from then until the 10th c. is the same. The 10th to 16th c. are marked by differences caused by the survival or death of various powers. While the 16th c. onward has become radically different.

In this timeline, the Romans were initially able to keep a small foothold in central England. However, due to the Anglo-Saxon invasion they were pushed out. The majority of British Romans went north into Scotland while a minority went west into Wales. The northern British were conquered by the kingdom of Strathclyde in 800s. The western British were conquered by various Welsh kingdoms soon after they migrated. Western Bridansh died in the Middle Ages in favor of Welsh.

There are two competing spelling systems. The first is the traditional style, and it is based off of Early Modern English / Scots. (NOTE: find a way to describe the second)

Phonological History

One defining feature of Bridansh is that unlike every other language descended from Vulgar Latin, the Classical vowels /a/ and /a:/ did not merge and instead became /a/ and /ɔ/. Compare French chanter and Jacques to Bridansh chantor|chentor /tʃən.ˈtor/ and Jegows|Jègaus /dʒe.ˈgaus/.

Phonology

Consonants

Labial Dental Alveolar Post-alveolar Dorsal
Nasal m n1 (ŋ)2
Plosive p b t d k g
Affricate tʃ dʒ
Fricative f3 v θ3 ð s3 (z)4 ʃ3 ʒ h5
Approximant l j6
Rhotic r7

Notes:

1 /n/ assimilates to the same point of articulation as the following consonant, yielding values of [m] [n̪] [n̺] [n̠] [ŋ]
2 /ŋ/ is found only before the velar stops
3 Voiceless fricatives are voiced between vowels, yielding [v] [ð] [z] [ʒ]
4 /z/ is only found between vowels
5 /h/ is a glottal fricative with variable voicing, frequently becoming [ɦ]
6 /j/ is a voiced palatal approximant
7 /r/ is traditionally a trill, but both an approximant [ɹ] and a tap [ɾ] are not unheard.

Vowels

Front Central Back
Unrounded Rounded Unrounded Rounded
Close i y1 ɯ2 u
Mid e ø3 ə ɤ o
Open a

Notes:

1 /y/ is a close front vowel with compressed rounding, \[iᵝ]
2 /ɯ/ is in the process of merging with /ɤ/
3 /ø/ is a mid front vowel with compressed rounding, \[eᵝ], although it is frequently unrounded merging it with /e/

Prosody

Stress

Intonation

Orthography

Traditional

Consonants

Vowels

Front Central Back
Unrounded Rounded Unrounded Rounded
Close i, ey, ie ew, i ui, u ou, u
Mid e, a(C)e, ei, ai eu, u a oi o, oa, ow
Open a, aw

Modern

Consonants

Vowels

Front Central Back
Unrounded Rounded Unrounded Rounded
Close i u ui ou
Mid e, è eu e oi o
Open a

Syntax

Nouns

Nouns have two genders, masculine and feminine, and two numbers, singular and plural.

Articles

Articles agree with the object they modify in gender, number, and case. The Genitive form of the definite article is also used as a partitive article.

yee chat chave jae mewrs
li chat ceve diès murs
ji tʃat tʃev dʒes myrs
DEF.NOM.M.SG cat.M.SG catch.PRS.SG DEF.GEN.F.PL mouse.F-PL
The cat catches (some) mice

Adverbs

Prepositions

Pronouns

Stressed

Unstressed

Verbs

Finite Forms

Infinite Forms

Voice

Mood

Morphology

Nouns

Articles

Indefinite

Singular Plural
Masculine Feminine / Neuter Masculine Feminine / Neuter
Nominative ewns / ins ewn / in
Accusative ewn / in ewns / ins ewn / in
Dative eyn / en eyns / ens eyn / en
Genitive juin / jeun juins / jeuns juin / jeun

Definite

Singular Plural
Masculine Feminine / Neuter Masculine Feminine / Neuter
Nominative yee / li ya / lie yee / li
Accusative you / liou ya / lie yous / lious yoss / lios
Dative eel / il eels / ils
Genitive jay / diè jays / diès

The Genitive case is used as a partitive article


Adjectives

Demonstratives

Proximal

Distal

Adverbs

Prepositions

Pronouns

Verbs

First Conjugation

Finite Forms
Infinite Forms

Second Conjugation

Finite Forms
Infinite Forms

Third Conjugation

Finite Forms
Infinite Forms