Tardigrades (Latfuts) are microscopic, water-dwelling, segmented animals. At some point in history, they learned to speak Gothic.
Veithois
| Latin | Insular Proto-Romance |
Insular Romance | Veithois | example | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| transcription | IPA | orthography | IPA | ||||||||
| ī | /i/ | i | /i/ | i | /i/ | vid | /vid/ | ||||
| i | /ɪ/ | ẹ | /e/ | è | ei | /ɛ/ | /ei̯/ | sec | peil | /sɛk/ | /pei̯l/ |
| ē | /e/ | ment | cein | /mɛnt/ | /t͡ʃei̯n/ | ||||||
| oe | ester | feid | /ɛstər/ | /fei̯d/ | |||||||
| e | /ɛ/ | ę | /ɛ/ | é | /e/ | ter | pedh | /tɛr/ | /peð/ | ||
| ae | estod | cel | /ɛˈstod/ | /t͡ʃel/ | |||||||
| a | /a/ | a | /a/ | a | /a/ | can | /kan/ | ||||
| ā | /ɑ/ | ǫ | /ɔ/ | ò | ó | /ɔ/ | /o/ | nos | /noz/ | ||
| o | /ɔ/ | sot | cor | /sɔt/ | /kor/ | ||||||
| ō | /o/ | ọ | /o/ | ou | eu | /u/ | /e/ | mount | fleur | /munt/ | /fler/ |
| u | /ʊ/ | gout | gheul | /gut/ | /gel/ | ||||||
| ū | /u/ | u | /u/ | u | /i/ | mur | /mir/ | ||||
| au | /au/ | au | /au/ | au | /ai/ | caudh | /kaið/ | ||||
Gothic vowel changes
| Gothic | Initial | Medial | Final | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| /_r/ | /_r/ | /_l/ | /_p, b, f, m/ | /_w/ | /_other/ | /_one consonant/ | /_cluster/ | absolutely final | |||||||||||
| one consonant | cluster | /_r/ | /_l/ | /_n/ | /_p, b, f, m/ | /_w/ | /_j/ | /_other/ | |||||||||||
| i, aí | i | e | e | i | e | e | iu | i | e | ʲ | |||||||||
| a | a | u | y | u | u | o | u | Ø | |||||||||||
| u, aú | u | o | |||||||||||||||||
| ē, ei | i | i | e | i | e | e | |||||||||||||
| ái, aíh | ia | ||||||||||||||||||
| ā | a | u | y | u | a | ||||||||||||||
| áu, aúh | o | ||||||||||||||||||
| ō, ū | u | ||||||||||||||||||
adjectives
| Case | indefinite | definite | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | singular | plural | |||||||||
| masc. | neut. | fem. | masc. | neut. | fem. | masc. | neut. | fem. | masc. | neut. | fem. | |
| Nominative | blínd | blénd | bléndas | blénd | blénds | blénd | blénda | bléndas | bléndon | bléndos | ||
| Genitive | blínds | blénds | blíndse | bléndsa | blíndes | bléndos | blíndne | bléndna | ||||
| Dative | bléndum | blénde | bléndę | bléndę | bléndą | bléndą | ||||||
adj
| Case | attributive | predicative | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | singular | plural | |||||||||
| masc./neut. | fem. | masc. | neut. | fem. | masc. | neut. | fem. | masc. | neut. | fem. | ||
| indefinite | definite | |||||||||||
| Direct | blínd | blénd | blénd | blénd | blénda | bléndas | bléndon | bléndos | ||||
| Genitive | blínd | blénd | blínd | blénd | blíndes | bléndos | blíndse | bléndsa | ||||
| Dative | blénd | blénd | bléndę | bléndą | bléndą | |||||||
| Case | attributive | predicative | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | singular | plural | |||||||||
| masc./neut. | fem. | masc. | neut. | fem. | masc. | neut. | fem. | masc. | neut. | fem. | ||
| indefinite | definite | |||||||||||
| Direct | frús | frós | frós | frós | frósa | frósas | fróson | frósos | ||||
| Genitive | frús | frós | frús | frós | frúses | frósos | frúsne | frósna | ||||
| Dative | frós | frós | frósę | frósą | frósą | |||||||
Consonants
| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | /m/ ⟨m⟩ | /n/ ⟨n⟩ | /ŋ/ ⟨ng⟩ [1] | /ɴ/ ⟨ng⟩ | ||
| Plosive | /p/ ⟨p⟩ | /t/ ⟨t⟩ | /k/ ⟨k⟩ [1] | /q/ ⟨k⟩ | ||
| Affricate | /ʦ/ ⟨t⟩ [1] | |||||
| Fricative | /f/ ⟨f⟩ | /v/ ⟨v⟩ | /s/ ⟨s⟩ | /ʃ/ ⟨s⟩ [1] | /ɣ/ ⟨g⟩ [1] | /ʁ/ ⟨g⟩ |
| Lateral | /l~ɬ/ ⟨l⟩ [2] | |||||
| Tap | /ɾ/ ⟨r⟩ | |||||
| Semivowel | /j/ ⟨j⟩ | |||||
Everish
 | This article is private. The author requests that you do not make changes to this project without approval. By all means, please help fix spelling, grammar and organisation problems, thank you. |
| Everish | |
|---|---|
| Eveireg | |
| Pronunciation | [eˈvei̯ɾeɡ] |
| Created by | Tardigrade |
| Setting | Iberia |
| Native to | Spain, Portugal |
Early form | |
Everish Eveireg /eˈvei̯ɾeɡ/ is a a Brittonic Celtic tongue spoken in parts of Galicia and Asturias.
Sound Changes
Consonant Mutations
As with all modern Celtic languages, Everish makes extensive use of initial consonant mutations to help signal grammatical and syntactic information. Everish has three main mutations: lenis (međol), spirant (cravol) and nasal (truinol). There is a fourth type of mutation called aspiration (huizol) in which word-initial vowels take an h'- before them.
The changes caused by the mutations are summarised in the following table.
| Radical | Nasal | Lenis | Spirant |
|---|---|---|---|
| p /p/ | b /b/ | f /f/ | |
| t /t/ | d /d/ | z /θ/ | |
| c /k/ | g /g/ | h /x/ | |
| ch /t͡ʃ/ | dj /d͡ʒ/ | x /ʃ/ | |
| b /b/ | m /m/ | v /v/ | |
| d /d/ | n /n/ | đ /ð/ | |
| g /ɡ/ | ng /ŋ/ | ||
| dj /d͡ʒ/ | ñ /ɲ/ | y /j/ | |
| y /j/ | ñ /ɲ/ | ||
| ll /ʎ/ | l /l/ | ||
| m /m/ | v /ṽ/ | ||
| ñ /ɲ/ | n /n/ | ||
| rr /r/ | r /ɾ/ | ||
Lenited g disappears before a consonant, becomes w before words in go-, gu-, goo- and becomes h- before other vowels, e.g. gre "flock" → i re "his flock", gur "man, husband" → i wur "his husband", geryadour "dictionary" → i heryadour "his dictionary".
Examples:
- Lenition: i beñ "his head", di dad "your dad", i gi "his dog", a vanon "the lady", do Varselon "to Barcelona", .
- Spirantisation: i feñ "her head", tri zad "three dads", tair haz "three cats".
- Nasalisation: no manon "nine ladies", i Marselon "in Barcelona", mi garrer "my road"
- Aspiration: i h'ewidir "her uncle", an h'oungorn "our unicorn".
List
Bandal
| Bandal | Maltese | Siculo-Arabic (in Sicilian) |
Arabic text | English |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| bebbuxu | bebbuxu | babbaluciu | Lua error: Parameter "rtl" is not used by this template.. (babbūš) |
snail |
| gebbu | ġiebja | gebbia | Lua error: Parameter "rtl" is not used by this template.. (jabb) | cistern |
| giunglena | ġunġlien | giuggiulena | Lua error: Parameter "rtl" is not used by this template.. (junjulān) | sesame seed |
| seghija | sieqja | saia | Lua error: Parameter "rtl" is not used by this template.. (sāqiyah) | canal |
| tennuru | kenur | tannura | Lua error: Parameter "rtl" is not used by this template.. (tannūr) | oven |
| zafranu | żagħfran | zaffarana | Lua error: Parameter "rtl" is not used by this template.. (zaʿfarān) | saffron |
| zara | żahra (less common than fjura, borrowed from Medieval Sicilian) | zagara | Lua error: Parameter "rtl" is not used by this template.. (zahrah) | blossom |
| sbiba | żbib | zibbibbu | Lua error: Parameter "rtl" is not used by this template.. (zabīb) | raisins |
| segu | zokk (may be borrowed from Sicilian) | zuccu | Lua error: Parameter "rtl" is not used by this template.. (sāq) | tree trunk |
| tebutu | tebut | tabbutu | Lua error: Parameter "rtl" is not used by this template.. (tābūt) | coffin |
| Maltese | Berber languages | English |
|---|---|---|
| gremxula | azrem ašal, lit. 'land worm', (Kabyle) | lizard |
| fekruna | tifakrunin (Jerbi), ifekran (Tashelhiyt), ifkran (Kabyle) | turtle |
| geddum | aqadum, lit. 'face, frown' (Kabyle) | chin |
| gendus | gandūz, lit. 'young calf' (Jerbi) | ox, bull |
| gerżuma | ageržum (Mozabite, Tashelhiyt) | throat |
| tfief | tilfaf (Ouargli), tifāf, tilfāf, tiffāf (Tarifit) | sow thistle (Sonchus oleraceus) |
| tengħud | talaɣūda (Tunisian Arabic), telɣūda (Algerian Arabic) | spurge (Euphorbia) |
| kosksu | kuskesu, kuskus (Kabyle) | couscous, small round pasta |
| fartas | aferḍas (Ouargli, Kabyle) | bald |
| għaffeġ | ‘affež (Algerian Arabic), effeẓ (Ouargli, Mozabite) | to crush, to squash |
| żrinġ | tažrant (Jerbi) | frog |
| żrar | zrar (Mozabite, Ouargli), azrar (Kabyle, Nafusi) | gravel |
| werżieq | wárẓag (Mrazig) | cicada, lit. screamer, shrieker |
| buqexrem | buqišrem (Kabyle) | vervain (Verbena officinalis) |
| fidloqqom | fudalɣem (Kabyle) | borage (Borago officinalis) |
| żorr | uzur (Kabyle), uzzur (Tarifit) | rude, arrogant |
| lellex | lelleš (Mozabite) | to shine, to glitter |
| pespes | bbesbes (Ouargli) | to whisper |
| teptep | ṭṭebṭeb (Ouargli) | to blink, to twinkle |
| webbel | webben (Mozabite) | to induce, to tempt |