User:IlL/Sketchbook
Talman Swutsim gib
Tiʔə dhiʔə atsiσtovif o tiʔiσ tühacw zichvidh tjəσ. Go tüasσaσe o tüdhi sfavats. Dhiσəf tüʔüchw. Tüσaσe. Go tσüfiʔfiʔ. Go dhiσ tədhəfüchs ogwəʔ. Go tüσaσe ogwəʔ.
Go avsvədhvədhaʔ ogwəʔ. Avsvədhvədhaʔ ogwəʔ. Go tiʔe iσütσ vədhaʔs ogwəʔ go əscwupcwup. Əscwupcwup. Fi gwədjəsədhəs gwədhəfüʔibəsjəs. Go dhay tiʔə tjotjosəs.
Tüasσaσe tiʔə yoyoavs ʔo tüdhiʔ cif sfavats o tiʔə pədhhədhəv. Go ətəse. Go oe tiʔiσ tσüsce ə tiʔə dhiʔə suaf, tiʔə diʔə tσfayʔ. tuʔa go əsjavoicw ogwəʔ ə tiʔiσ voəsuadhf i tə viatsəs süfifis ogwəʔ.
Go oeəf ti sətjites fəʔo cwi sətəses. Go σüʔətσaf ogwəʔ. Σüvəvocwaf ogwəʔ fəʔo tiʔə dhiʔə tjit σcütsidh ə tiʔə dhiʔə səʔeütsidh ə Fcov. A cwədhiʔ təsəsσaσes əgwə. Tuʔa go, go ətσtfaf ogwəʔ tiʔə stavs ogwəʔ o tiʔə dhadhatü.
Tuʔa go tsüttəvəf ʔə təsiʔəʔ dhiʔə sσadhəy tiʔə vədhaʔəs əscwupcwup. Ütsüütsəf. "Dhəfuüs sif tiʔə dhvədhaʔ. Go chu tsədhiσ cwi səschwacw. Go fiʔ gwəsəshayfs gwəchəσəσəs chətj tiʔə vədhaʔs. Chuəf ogwəʔ üʔətσ. Ucwitsf ogwəʔ tə stavs ogwəʔ savgwasəs ogwəʔ.
Tuʔa go hüyütsütəf tiʔə dhiʔə tsədhiσ vədhaʔs ogwəʔ əscwupcwup. Cwədhadhəf tiʔə dhətjüʔ sitsəvs i tiʔə scaʔsjədhs. Tuʔa go tüzace. Dhiσ dhay sühüs ti süzaces. Go zəceəf fəʔo tiʔə tactavats, ti stactavats stütoəf. Go titjiv ftactütsidh. Titjivəf. Go əschətσədh tiʔə sitsəvs. Go σoe ftactütsidh go zace ftact. Zəce ftact go σtje fəʔo tiʔə ʔəsgwigwoc. Go tichidh tiʔə sitsəvs üσəcw. Go atsəts o tiʔiσ. Go σache. Go cov.
ceəf tiʔə yoyoavs. Tüsasʔavgwas. Go fiʔoüsvitəvəf go gwətjtəvaf. Cwədhtəvaf ftjadh cwi süchwəs, ftjadh cwi süchwəs. Ücwətəvaf gücwitəs. Go gwətəvaʔ. Go gwəpəcw o ti stuəf. Tuʔa go atsəts. Fiʔəf gwəsoʔuüs ogwəʔ. Chuəf ogwəʔ ügwətjəv. Go chwi gwədhəchcwəfs ogwəʔ o tiʔiσ dhəfüfs.
Arabic script for Irish
new letters for non-Arabic broad/slender consonants
séimhiú is a problem
a ai ea ei = (feitħeh) - final short vowels written with <h>?
io i = (ceasrah)
o = ٝ or ٗ
á/eá = (feitheh +) ailif
aoi/í = (ceasrah +) yá
ú/iú = (daimmeh +) váv
u = (daimmeh)
é = ceasrah + ailif
ó = reverse daimmeh + váv
ia ua = <iya uwa> بِيَ بُوَ
slender s sounds like Arabic sín, broad s sounds like sáid
urú marked by tanwīn (teinwín) before the letter, in fact teinwín is what it's called in L-Irish
In ainm Alláh atá lán trua agus trócaire!
إٍ أݧم ﷲ أطا ڶَان طرُوَ أڨص طرٗوقږَ
Moladh go hard le hAlláh, Tiarna na nUile Dhomhan,
ݥٗلع ڨهَرض لهﷲ, تِيَرنَ نًأِلَ ضٗون
Alláh atá lán trua agus trócaire,
ﷲ أطا ڶَان طرُوَ أڨص طرٗوقږَ
Rialtóir Lá an Luain.
ږِيَڶطوږ ڶا أنڶُوِݧ
Tusa a adhraímid, ortsa a iarraimid cabhair.
طُصَ أأعريمد, أٗرطصَ أإيَرّمد قَوږ
Cuir i mbealach ár leasa sinn,
قِږ إٍبَڶخ آرلَصَ سِݧّ
A mbealach siúd ar bhronn tú do ghrásta orthu,
أًبَڶخ سُوض ار برٗنّ طُو ضغرَاضطَ أٗرهُ
Seachas a mbealach siúd a bhfuil fearg ort leo agus a chuaigh ar strae.
سَخص أًبَڶخ سُوض أًڣِل فَرڨ لٗو أڨص أ خُوَي ار صطرِا
Llanfair...gogogoch gib
Reduplication (goch > gogogoch)
Fyxámian national anthem
Eevo
English translation
Verse 1
[...]
[...]
From antipode to antipode
Men of thy deeds do sing.
Refrain
Book and paper titles in Eevo
- (A Bound for the Number of Points on Elliptic Curves over Finite Fields)
- (Spectral Sequences of Algebraic Varieties)
- Mroga-xiv ry blwhir jybinþylisár ar jonda jynéeb (Zeta Functions of Algebraic Curves over Finite Fields) (fT 2259)
- Regular Temperaments
Primitive Seargais
long vowels:
a: e: i: o: u: æ: ø: y: from
broad á aí/ai/oi oí/uí/ui ó/ao ú/ua/ui ái ói/aío/aoi úi/oío/uío/uai
slender eá ei/éi/éa í/ia/iai eo iú/io/iu ea/éa/eai/eái eoi iúi/ío
éa becomes æ: before broad d, n, l and r, and e: elsewhere
ui becomes u: before broad d, n, l and r, and i: elsewhere
short vowels:
a e i o u -> a ʲa ʲɨ a ɨ
changes from proto seargais to seargais
high vowels move one POA
(u -> ü, ü -> i but aü stays put)
there's the merger
now o becomes u to fill in the gap, a becomes o and æ becomes a
a e i o u æ ø y ->
o e i u y a ø i
e -> ə
which triggers i -> ia, ia -> e, y -> i, u -> ɨ, o -> u, a -> ua, ua -> o
so i get
a e i o u æ ø y ia ua ai au ay ->
o e i u y a ø i ia ua ai au ay ->
u ə ia ɨ i ua _ ia e o ai au _
ø -> ɛ -> a while ay -> aɨ
u ə ia ɨ i ua a ia e o ai au aɨ (i now have all the vowels!)
breathy voice ablaut patterns:
e/i/ai -> ə/ia/ai
o/u/au -> ɨ/i/au
ö/ü/aü -> a/ia/aɨ
chaotic!
a/ua -> u/o
ä/ia -> ua/e
spelling: a e i o u y w = /a e i o u ə ɨ/
short a -> y
short ɨ -> w (very few modern Seargais speakers make the distinction between the short vowels using y for both)
Seargais superstrate
same breathy voice pattern except there's a GVS
a e i o u ä ö ü ua ia ai au aü ->
o i ai u au e ü aü uo ie ä a a
compare
u ə ia ɨ i ua a ia e o ai au aɨ
these are heard by seargais speakers as
o i ai u au ə ɨ aɨ e o e a a
Seargais consonants
p t q pʰ tʰ χ m n w θ ʟ r tɬ ɬ (broad)
f ts k f ts kʰ m n j s ɬ r tʃ ʃ (slender)
Urú'ed:
m n ʟ mʰ nʰ χ m n pf θ ʟ r nl tɬ (broad)
m n ŋ mʰ nʰ ŋʰ m n f ts ɬ r n tʃ (slender)
the combined set of phonemes:
p pʰ t tʰ k kʰ q
f θ s ɬ ʃ χ
pf ts tɬ tʃ
m mʰ n nʰ ŋ ŋʰ nl
j w ʟ r
h is missing
broad sm and sn can become h
urúing to tʰ
actually it should stay as θm and θn
θm -> voiceless m -> h also works
it doesn't impact the morphology
Proto-C'mon-C'mere
a i u ə ā ī ū ə̄ -> a i u ø ā ī ū ø̄
aj ij uj əj āj īj ūj ə̄j -> ē ī ȳ ē ɛ̄ ī ȳ ɛ̄
aw iw uw əw āw īw ūw ə̄w -> ō ȳ ū ō ɔ̄ ȳ ū ɔ̄
ac ic uc əc āc īc ūc ə̄c -> o e u o ɔ̄ ɛ̄ ō ɔ̄
PPul p/pp/b/bb becomes:
stressed syllables: f/p/f/p
unstressed syllables: b/b/f/p
Consonants
| Labial | Dental | Alveolar | Medial | Palatal | Velar | Labiovelar | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| central | lateral | central | lateral | ||||||
| Voiceless stop | p /p/ | t /t/ | ṭ /ʈ/ | c /k/ | |||||
| Voiced stop | d /d/ | ||||||||
| Voiceless fricative | ph /ɸ/ | th /θ/ | s /s/ | ł /ɬ~ɮ/ | ṣ /ʂ/ | ł̣ /ɬ̢~ɮ̢/ | ch /x/ | ||
| Voiced fricative | ƀ /β/ | đ /ð/ | z /z/ | ẓ /ʐ/ | ǥ /ɣ/ | ||||
| Affricate | ts /ts/ | ||||||||
| Nasal | m /m/ | n /n/ | ṇ /ɳ/ | ñ /ɲ/ | ŋ /ŋ/ | ||||
| Nasalized fricative | mh /β̃/ | nh /ð̃/ | ṇh /ʐ̃/ | ñh /ʝ̃/ | ŋh /ɣ̃/ | ||||
| Approximant | l /l/ | r /ɻ/ | ḷ /ɭ/ | y /j/ | w /w/ | ||||
Vowels
| Front | Near-front | Near-back | Back | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| unrounded | rounded | unrounded | rounded | unrounded | rounded | |
| High | í /i/ | ü /y/ | ũ /ɯ/ | ú /u/ | ||
| Near-High | i /ɪ̈/ | u /ʊ̈/ | ||||
| Mid | é /e/ | ö /ø/ | õ /ɤ/ | o /o/ | ||
| Low-Mid | e /ɛ̈/ | o /ɔ̈/ | ||||
| Low | á /æ/ | a /a/ | å /ɑ~ɒ/ | |||
Vowels may be long. This is indicated orthographically by doubling the vowel letter. Proto-C'mon-C'mere does not have diphthongs.
Prosody
Stress
Intonation
Phonotactics
The syllable structure is (C)(C)V(C). In addition, clusters of two consonants are allowed word-finally.
There are no restrictions on consonant clusters which means Proto-C'mon-C'mere allows some pretty weird consonant clusters, for example: mkéénhp (ferments into lactic acid)
Psalm 114 in Tíogall
Saħábha 114
- Ar ugairedh Jisráér gil Éigipt, suaradh Jalgóbh gil badhnedh gáth shlodhán;
- saedhaín Jaħúdhá le áthradh ú, Jisráér le fúichnedh ú.
- Ésrín ron fón minn, ag amaltín hú; fulmáín an Jardén ar blíon.
- Bídín na scaimhthe madh zsíograin; na glóna iadha, madh mbioltha.
- Tá naes, ae fón, bhfá n-amaltar? Ae Jardén, bhfá bhfuldar?
- Ae scaimhthe, bhfá mbídes madh zsíograin; ae ghlóna iadha, madh mbioltha?
- Bróg ŋal an Mannar, ae luabh, ŋal Caemadh Jalgóbh,
- Ri bhforsaedhaín rú an óc le pasc, an ŋgorda le sálanadh eanŋ.
Something with Khmer-ish vowels - for Clotricin
m n p t ts tł k ʔ t' ts' tł' k' s ł ʂ h j w l
a ɛ e i ə ɨ ɔ o u + long versions; iə ɨə uə əa əe əo eə oə ei~ai əɨ~aɨ ou~au
Phonotactics: V, CV, CVC, no hiatuses
numbers in the khmer-ish thing 1: yəp 2: tsıə 3: mouš 4: k'uul 5: heə'a 6: 'əwaets 7: miisił 8: tłıpi 9: šəola 10: pəeš
11: pəek'ayəp, 12: pəek'atsiə, ...
20: tsiəpəš, 30: moušwəš, 40: k'uulwəš, 50: heə'apəš, 60: 'əwaetswəš, 70: miisiłwəš, 80: tłıpiwəš, 90: šəolapəš, 100: əımə
Huichaltzah's alien language
p pʰ t tʰ ts tsʰ tɬ tɬʰ k kʰ kʟ kʟʰ s ɬ x h m n ŋ l ʟ w j a e i o ar er ir or (rhotic vowels)
Grammar: Rhotic vowel harmony, CW with many cases
Non-gib ideas
Toneless Polyejectivevietnamese
toneless polysyllabic ejectivevietnamese with around 5 or 6 vowels, and no diphthongs
Vowels: /i~ɨ e~ɘ ɛ~ɜ a ɔ o u/
Consonants: /p pʼ t tʼ ts tsʼ tʂ tʂʼ k kʼ ʔ f s ʂ x h m n ŋ l ɹ j w/
Kaagasa
Medials or finals
m, n, ng, l, r > m, n, ŋ, l, ɦ
b, f, t, s, tz, sch, g, ch > p, f, t, s, s, ʃ, k, h
mpf, nt, ns, nz, nk > mf, nt, nz, ns, nk
lb, lf, lt, ls, lz, lk, lch, lm > jp, jf, jt, jz, js, jk, jh, jm
rb, rf, rt, rs, rz, rk, rch, rm, rn > ab, af, at, az, as, ak, ax, ah, an
ft, st, chs, cht > :t, jt, js, jt
-el, -e, -er > -i, -e, -a
Consonants
| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| central | lateral | ||||||
| Click | plain | ǃ | |||||
| aspirated | ǃʰ | ||||||
| nasalised | ᵑǃ | ||||||
| breathy nasalised | ᶢǃʱ | ||||||
| Nasal | plain | m | n | ŋ | |||
| breathy | mʱ | nʱ | ŋʱ | ||||
| Stop | voiceless | p | t | ||||
| aspirated | pʰ | tʰ | kʰ | ||||
| breathy | b | d | ɡ | ||||
| implosive | ɓ | ɗ | ɠ | ||||
| Fricative | voiceless | f | s | ɬ | ʃ | x | h |
| breathy | v | z | ɮ | ɣ | ɦ | ||
| Approximant | plain | l | j | ||||
Vowels
lb, lf, lt, ls/lz, lk, lch, lm > /jp, jf, jt, js, jk, jx, jm/
rC > /aC/
-0, -es/-el, -e, -er, -en > -u [ɨ], -i, -e, -a, -o?
au, eu > o:, ø:
Vowel system: /i i: y y: u u: e e: ø ø: o o: a a: ui ei øi oi ai ia ya ua ea øa oa/
Allowed final vowels: /i u e o a/
Bändli
Zulu pseudo-gib
Initials
schm, m > m, mh
schn, n > n, nh
schng/kn, ng > ng, ngh
sp, p, b, gep/geb > p, ph, bh, b
st, t, d, get/ged > t, th, dh, d
ŧ, sŧ, đ, geŧ/geđ > qh, q, nqh, gq
k, g, gek/geg > kh, gh, g
r > hh
f, w > f, v
fl, kl, schl > hl
bl, gl > dl
pfr, fr, tr, kr, schr > kl /x~kx/
br, dr, gr > gl /ɣ~gɣ/
j > y
schw > f
z, s, sch > s, z, sh
ent- > prenasalization
Consonants
| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| central | lateral | ||||||
| Click | plain | ǃ | |||||
| aspirated | ǃʰ | ||||||
| nasalised | ᵑǃ | ||||||
| breathy nasalised | ᶢǃʱ | ||||||
| Nasal | plain | m | n | ŋ | |||
| breathy | mʱ | nʱ | ŋʱ | ||||
| Stop | voiceless | p | t | ||||
| aspirated | pʰ | tʰ | kʰ | ||||
| breathy | b | d | ɡ | ||||
| implosive | ɓ | ɗ | ɠ | ||||
| Fricative | voiceless | f | s | ɬ | ʃ | x | h |
| breathy | v | z | ɮ | ɣ | ɦ | ||
| Approximant | plain | l | j | ||||
Vowels
i ï u e ë o ä a /i ɨ u e ə o æ ɑ/
Tones
No tone
Roshterian revision
Roshterian uses the following 22 consonants:
| Labial | Dental/Alveolar | Retroflex | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| central | lateral | central | lateral | ||||||
| Nasal | m /m/ | n /n̪/ | ṉ /ɳ/ | [ŋ] | [ɴ] | ||||
| Stop | voiceless | p /p/ | t /t̪/ | ṯ /ʈ/ | c /k/ | q /q/ | |||
| voiced | b /b/ | d /d̪/ | ḏ /ɖ/ | g /g/ | |||||
| Continuant | voiceless | f /f/ | s /s̪/ | s̱ /ʂ/ | h /h/ | ||||
| voiced | v /v/ | r /ɾ/ | l /l̪/ | ṟ /ɻ/ | ḻ /ɭ/ | ḡ /ʁ/ | |||
- kw, gw > p, b
- gl-, gr- > l, r
- θ, δ, t, d > t, d, ʈ, ɖ (with many exceptions)
- *ā > ia (*nā > nia 'I'); *ō > ua; *au > oo; *ou > uu; *ū > ii
- *qʷ > /χʷ/ > /ɧ/ > s̱; *ʁʷ > /ζ/ > ṟ
- ʁʷelinə ("6 parts [of 12]") > ṟelin 'half'
- *nw, tw, dw, sw, θw, lw, rw > ṉ, ṯ, ḏ, s̱, f, ḻ, ṟ /ɳ, ʈ, ɖ, ʂ, f, ɭ, ɻ/
- gʷaθwā > bafi 'neck, throat' ~ Thn. gaθuā 'throat (also language)'
- *sl-, sm-, sn- > ḻ-, m-, ṉ-
- *sɸ-, sr-, sw- > s̱-, ṟ-, s̱-
- *st, sk, skʷ, sq > s-/st, ṯ-/s̱ṯ-, f, q-/s̱q
- stas- > tetsil 'gathering' (~ Thn. Stasnyssōs > Tíogall Stánsa, Clofabosin stannsin 'a holiday')
- skəttā > tyyṯi 'body' ~ Thn. scyttā
- *bastom > bast 'king' ~ Thn. bastom 'head'
- *sb, sd, sg > ṟb, ṟḏ, ṟg
- *nasg- > naṟg '3'
- *φn, tn, φl, tl/dl > /ːn, s-/ts, l, ɖ/
- łnāgin > tiagin 'I believe' ~ Thn. θnāginis
- oφlutsus > oolus 'wave'
- *kt, qt > /jt, ːʈ/
- *tektə > ṯeit /ʈɛit/ 'child'
- *neqtə > neeṯ /neːʈ/ 'cloud'
- *ks, qs > /js, ːʂ/
- *kn, gn, kʷn, gʷn, qn, ql, qr > /jn, jn, :m, :m, :ɳ, :ɻ, :ɻ/ (with **/uj/ > /uː/ )
- sφugnus > s̱uun 'root' ~ Thn. sφugnus
- leqnos > leeṉ 'river' ~ Thn. leānos?
- qrīdis > ṟiid 'knife' ~ Thn. ȝrīdis 'edge'
- gʷnūnum > miin 'scar' ~ Thn. gnūnum 'scar', Tíogall gnúinte 'scar'
- *φj, tj, kj, qj > pt s s-/t ḡ
- *j-, s- > h-
- *φ- > ∅-
- Initial short vowels drop
- *skj, stj > t-/st, s-/ːs
- final short vowels lost; final -m, -r, -s, -t lost; final long vowels shorten (ia, ua > i, u)
- i-affection: The following changes affect V1 in sequences of the form V1 + consonant cluster + ultimate (*i/*ī/*j) unless the consonant cluster after V1 contains a retroflex consonant.
- a > e
- e > i
- Stress shifts to final
- Some combining forms and combined forms are altered due to the stress shift - conjunct forms for verbs arise when there is an antepenultimate syllable
Nurotransmitter
Clofabic-influenced (some depalatalization), dialects: Dopamine, Acetylcholine
Gebocham
- Vowels: æ ɪ i ʌ ə ʊ ʉ < a/ae ē/i ī ā/o/au e ō/u/y ū/ȳ
- Vowel harmony groups:
- high tense: i ʉ
- high lax: ɪ ʊ
- low: æ ʌ
- ə is neutral
Äŋguk.mäi
Äŋguk.mäi /æŋguŋmæj/ is a hypothetical future descendant of modern Korean.
Bolõn iŋgän.õn þeanäi tte.vuþa cäjurop.ko kõ conam.vä kalli.jeßa toŋlõŋ.älä. Iŋgän.õn sanbu.zaõro ihaŋvä jäŋhimõ puja.väläß.ko haro jaŋzee.e caŋhin.õro eŋloŋ.ejändä.
1sg: na > dä
2sg: neo/ni > di
Russo-Salish
| Labial | Alveolar | Retroflex | Velar | Glottal | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| hard | soft | hard | soft | soft | hard | ||||
| Nasal | glottalized | n̪ʼ | nʲʼ | ŋʲʼ | ŋʼ | ||||
| plain | m | mʲ | n̪ | nʲ | ŋʲ | ŋ | |||
| Stop | plain | t̪ | tʲ | kʲ | k | ʔ | |||
| ejective | t̪ʼ | tʲʼ | kʲʼ | kʼ | |||||
| voiced | b | bʲ | d̪ | dʲ | |||||
| Affricate | plain | ts | tsʲ | tʂ | |||||
| ejective | tsʼ | tsʲʼ | tʂʼ | ||||||
| voiced | dz | dzʲ | dʐ | ||||||
| Fricative | voiceless | f | fʲ | s | sʲ | ʂ | xʲ | x | h |
| voiced | v | vʲ | z | zʲ | ʐ | ɣʲ | ɣ | ||
| Approximant | glottalized | lˠʼ | lʲʼ | jʼ | |||||
| plain | lˠ | lʲ | j | ||||||
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | u | |
| Mid | ə | ||
| Open | a |
Sister of Naquian
- PNaq ś ǵʰ > θ ð (sometimes t d)
- s > ɟ > j (initial, before a vowel)
Salish + Old Chinese
m n ŋ ŋʷ mʼ nʼ ŋʼ ŋʷʼ p t ts k kʷ q qʷ ʔ pʼ tʼ tsʼ kʼ kʷʼ qʼ qʷʼ b d dz g gʷ ɢ ɢʷ s r rʼ l lʼ (+ phar'd versions of each) a e i o u ə
CW language sketch
m n p t ts k q b d dz g s h ʀ w l r j
i u e o æ a
Wiebosphere auxlang?
Consonants
| Labial | Coronal | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m /m/ | n /n/ | ŋ /ŋ/ | |||
| Plosive | unaspirated | b /p/ | d /t/ | j /tɕ/ | g /k/ | |
| aspirated | p /pʰ/ | t /tʰ/ | ch /tɕʰ/ | k /kʰ/ | ||
| Fricative | f /f/ | s /s/ | sh /ɕ/ | kh /x/ | h /h/ | |
| Approximant | w /w~v/ | l /l/; r /r/ | y /j/ | |||
| Trill | r /r/ | |||||
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i /i/ | u /u/ | |
| Mid | e /e/ | ə /ø~ə~ɤ/ | o /o/ |
| Open | a /a/ |
Diphthongs: ai ao /ai au/
Phonotactics
Consonant clusters are disallowed, except medial geminates and -NC- sequences. Only /p t k m n ŋ/ can come in word-final position.
Lushootseed to Clofab
sčʼutaʔɬ čəd dzəlxʷʔad ʔal kʷi talbəʔid! shuʔədəb šiƛ̕x̌adil stab dzastidil balustadil xʷəʔsdətapril kʷinapazil bəsmanadil xʷidzoradil daquinadil sperotidil prolixudil... Ah, endolucrifen!
Σȣομʚ
Καʚκκʚ ʚⱶμʚσετ συντυϝητ ϝαπαʚνα ια τασαϝερταʚσʚνα αρϝολτααν ια οʚκεȣκσʚλτααν. Ⱶεʚλλε ον αννεττȣ ιηρκʚ ια οματȣντο, ια ⱶεʚδην ον τοʚμʚτταϝα τοʚσʚααν κοⱶτααν ϝελιευδεν ⱶεγγεσση.
Comic Sanskrit/English
Zoomic (Quihum)
Consonants: p ph b bh t th d dh k kh g gh ts tsh dz dzh c ch j jh q qh ǥ ǥh m n ng l f s ł š h
Vowels: a i u aʵ iʵ uʵ aː eː iː oː uː aːʵ eːʵ iːʵ oːʵ uːʵ ai au (the "I dunno" diphthong) ⟨a i u ạ ị ụ ā ē ī ō ū ạ̄ ẹ̄ ị̄ ọ̄ ụ̄ æ å æ̣⟩
Clickgerman ideas
Inspired by "Kxǂ’auǁʼein", Old Irish and Ancient Wiebian
Primitive Clickgerman
for proto-s-wiebic: what about a GVS (əy > ii > ay > əə > aa > ee and əw > uu > au > oo) in open syllables and another vowel shift (ii ee ay əy)(uu oo aw əw) in closed syllables? iw > iə and uy > uə as i had before
1. sīdzu
2. kli
3. sqā
4. mēfi
5. pə̄ku
6. hə̄tλhi
7. dẓətā
8. baŋudh
9. dzōn
10. qhāḍī
11. gādziə
12. dziə
| Labial | Denti-alveolar | Lateral | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | plain | m m | n n | ṇ ɳ | ŋ ŋ | ||||
| breathy voiced | mh mʱ | nh nʱ | ṇh ɳʱ | ŋh ŋʱ | |||||
| Stop | tenuis | p p | t t | ṭ ʈ | c c | k k | q q | ||
| aspirated | ph pʰ | th tʰ | ṭh ʈʰ | ch cʰ | kh kʰ | qh qʰ | |||
| voiced | b b | d d | ḍ ɖ | j ɟ | g g | ɢ ɢ | |||
| breathy voiced | bh bʱ | dh dʱ | ḍh ɖʱ | jh ɟʰ | gh gʱ | ɢh ɢʱ | |||
| Affricate | tenuis | ts ts | tσ tɬ | tṣ tʂ | |||||
| aspirated | tsh tsʰ | tσh tɬʰ | tṣh tʂʰ | ||||||
| voiced | dz dz | dλ dɮ | dẓ dʐ | ||||||
| breathy voiced | dzh dzʱ | dλh dɮʱ | dẓh dʐʱ | ||||||
| Fricative | plain | f f | s s | σ ɬ | ṣ ʂ | ç ç | h h | ||
| aspirated | fh fʰ | sh sʰ | σh ɬʰ | ṣh ʂʰ | çh çʰ | ||||
| Resonants | plain | l l | ḷ ɭ | y j | |||||
| breathy voiced | lh lʱ | ḷh ɭʱ | |||||||
Vowels: i u ə a i: u: e: ə: o: a: iə uə əj aj əw aw ⟨i u ə a ī ū ē ə̄ ō ā iə uə əi ai əu au⟩
Stress: consistently initial, including prefixes
Syncope+umlaut
baŋudh > boŋdh
Clickogenesis
boŋdh > boŋg!ʱ
Umlaut
Old Clickgerman
Old Irishy
Ubykhization
boŋg!ʱ > boŋg!ʱə > bʷaŋg!ʱə
pʷ > p
Something like GVS
i: u: > ai au
iə uə > i: u:
Modern Clickgerman
Vowels: /a i u aː iː uː ai au ə/ ⟨a i u ah ie uh ei au e⟩ - wide-ranging allophony depending on accent/dialect
- [æ e o ɑ i u ɛ ɔ]
- [a i u ɔ ei ou ai au]
Qe!
Jāheqozron vemālaerus qe doñanqerosy.
Pristac Guanorliviroc
Leißelbeiger Glündesschnock,
bhfaoigh na dhruisce leis an ngloc,
с куздом твачу зблодащок,
pristac guanorliviroc!
Tyűlöszöbbes hávaltok,
ṇentronné veux mains du roque,
geuteureun madeul ryeonmok,
pristac guanorliviroc!
Iūcullātur plexē hoc,
Takzitxerri ezbantzok,
Ηζειν ευθρασιν στουροκ,
pristac guanorliviroc!
Nguyết sảnh xưa nỡn hầng màu trọc,
Cuālliquimeh huixōtloc,
tʰˁawk pgəts məlˁaj n̊əŋs qʷʰˁraʔ tkʰˁens nˁrok,
pristac guanorliviroc!
Raamaanujanniaviusuq-
qanngutsijałłaumiartuq,
Post hoc ergo propter hoc,
pristac guanorliviroc!
Zíj phlàa vîek rang dèt Bangkok,
Satthayaarongsamphonnok,
Pikna la-magtef litzmok,
pristac guanorliviroc!
Finno-Arabic
/t tˁ k q ʔ f s sˁ x χ h m n l r w j a aa ə əə i ii u uu ai au əi əu ia ua iə uə/
Irish with pharyngealized consonants
/a/: a ea ae eae /e/: oeu eu oe e /i/: ai ia aia i /o/: o uo uea ue /u/: aua ua au u
Hebrew alphabet for Irish
ב כ ד ף ג ה ל מ פ ר ס ת = native consonants
rafe at the beginning, lack of dagesh elsewhere = séimhiú
iluy = eclipsis?
vowel signs: patach = a, hard schwa patach aleph = á yud patach aleph = eá aleph tzere yud = ae segol = ea, ei, soft schwa tzere = é shva (optional) = zero vowel hiriq = i aleph yud = aí, aoi, ao hiriq yud = í hiriq aleph = ia qamatz = o holam = ó yud holam = eo qubbutz = u shuruq = ú yud shuruq = iú qubbutz aleph = ua
Word-final schwa accompanied by a mater lectionis he. Word-final he is marked with a mappiq for word-final /h/.
Uncanny valley Korean
Consonants: /m n ŋ bʰ dʰ dzʰ gʰ p t ts k f s fʰ sʰ h w j r ʔ/
Postvocalic /ʔ/ may be realized as creaky voice.
Vowels: /i ɨ u e ə o ɛ ɔ æ a/
Proto-Eomujic
- ä, a, e, o
- eu, i <- syllabic resonants
- p t k p’ t’ k’ b d g
- s z ts ts’ ʂ ʐ ʈʂ ʈʂ’
- m n ŋ r l ʀ w j h
Gleb phonologies
SEA-esque
m̥ m n̻̥ n̻ ɲ̥ ɲ mb mɓ̰ nd̻ nɗ̰̻ nɗ̱̰ nd͡ʒ pʰ p b ɓ̰ tʰ̻ t̻ d̻ ɗ̰̻ t͡s̻ ɗ̱̰ t͡ʃʰ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ kʰ k ɸ β s̻ z̻ ʃ ʒ x h l̻ j w
i iː ɨ ɨː u uː e eː ɘ ɘː o oː ɛ ɛː ɜ ɜː ɔ ɔː a aː
Indic-esque
m̥ m n̥ n ɳ̥ ɳ ɲ̥ ɲ pʰ p b tʰ t d ʈʰ ʈ ɖ t͡ʃʰ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ kʰ k g ʔ f v s z ʂ ʐ ʃ ʒ x ɣ h r ɽ j i u ɪ ʊ ɑ
(C1)V(C2)
C1: a consonant
V: a vowel
C2: a non-palatal consonant other than a postalveolar consonant or one of /d g z ɣ/; i.e. one of /m̥ m n̥ n pʰ p b tʰ t kʰ k ʔ f v s x h r/
Pseudo-Polynesian
m n̻ p b t̻ d̻ k g l̻ j w i u ɪ ʊ e o ɛ ɔ a
(C)V
C: a consonant
V: a vowel
Gleb seed 1516956979
Liquidless pseudo-French
m n̻ ṉ p b t̻ d̻ t͡ʃ d͡ʒ k g f v s̻ z̻ ʃ ʒ h w i y u ɛ ɛ̃ œ œ̃ ɔ ɔ̃ a ã
(C1)V(C2)
C1: a consonant
V: a vowel
C2: a consonant
Gleb seed 1601724777
A nice one
m n̻ nʲ̻ tʰ̻ t̻ kʰ k kʷ f s̻ l̻ i iː u uː ɛ ɛː ɛ̃ ɛ̃ː ɔ ɔː ɔ̃ ɔ̃ː a aː ã ãː
(C1)V(C2)
C1: a consonant
V: a vowel
C2: a consonant other than /nʲ̻/
Gleb seed 1364524938
vaguely Clofab
consonants:
m n mb nd ndz ŋg p b t d ts dz k g mv nz f v s z h r w
vowels:
a e i o u
syllable structure: (C)V
Gleb seed 1390372573
Liquidless phonology
m̥ m n̥ n ŋ̥ ŋ mpʰ mb ntʰ nd ŋkʰ pʰ p b tʰ t d kʰ k ʔ f s x
a e ɛ i o ɔ u
(C)V(N)
C: a consonant
V: a vowel
N: a nasal; i.e. one of /m̥ m n̥ n ŋ̥ ŋ/
Gleb seed 1408165181
A Damin
- Nasals: ɱ n̼ ɳ ɲ
- Plosives: d̼ ʈ c'
- Affricates: tθ ʡħ
- Fricatives: ð̼ θ̱ ç
- Clicks: ʞ
- Liquids: ʙ ʟ ʢ
- vowels: y ɤ æ
from An Bhlaoighne
big: go qhéith
small: go chun
long: go mheal
short: go laomh
wide: go raoi
narrow: go cuachar
thick: go scúil
thin: go h-ádh
woman: an fháixe, na bhfáixe
man: an beathra, na mbeathra
child: an stíotha, na stíotha
mother: an feadhan-fháixe?
father: an feadhan-beathra?
na bhfeadhan-fháixe, na bhfeadhan-beathra
wife: an sleith-fháixe
husband: an sleith-beathra
na dhsleith-fháixe, na dhsleith-beathra
fish: an déimhe, na dhéimhe
bird: an chuar, na cuar
(all these are from the bhadhagha gib)
dog: an lior, na lior
louse: an h-úmha, na n-úmha
snake: an bhfaos, na fhaos
worm: an ghean, na ngean
tree: an daodha, na dhaodha
forest: an ríne, na ríne
stick: an cuath, na chuath
fruit: an thamha, na dtamha
seed: an páile, na páile
leaf: an fhuix, na bhfuix
root: an dhóife, na dhóife
bark: an cilear, na cilear
flower: an qeógh, na qheógh
grass: an rúiche, na rúiche
rope: an mbuad, na bhuad
skin: an geabh, na gheabh
meat: an ceith, na gceith
blood: an dhséabha, na dhséabha
bone: an reist, na reist
fat: an xuile, na xuile
egg: an qé, na qhé *hmoob intensifies*
horn: an n-aire, na h-aire
tail: an h-aoi, na h-aoi
feather: an gcoít, na choít
hair: an núcha, na núcha
head: an snith, na snith
ear: an dtiocha, na tiocha
eye: an fhéir, na bhféir
nose: an gaoine, na ngaoine
mouth: an cnuile, na chnuile
tooth: an iacha, na h-iacha
tongue: an bhlaoighne? 😀
fingernail: an sciofa, na sciofa
foot: an reithe, na reithe
leg: an ndeocha reith, na dheocha reith
knee: an xionn reith, na dhxionn reith
hand: flúin
an bhflúin, na fhlúin
arm: an ndeocha bhflúin, na dheocha bhflúin
elbow: an xionn bhflúin, na dhxionn bhflúin
wing: an ceamh, na gceamh
belly: an táile, na tháile
guts: an nquinneach, na quinneach
neck: an xaoiphe, na xaoiphe
back: an mbíola, na bíola
breast: an dhsrachta, na srachta
heart: an luicheamh, na luicheamh
liver: an steóiseamh, na dhsteóiseamh
go neábha 'to drink'
go séic 'to eat'
go xumhadh 'to bite'
go scéimh 'to suck'
go fiara 'to spit, to eject'
go fiara an néitheasach 'to vomit'
go fíoxa 'to blow'
go stúimhe 'to breathe'
go sraoth 'to laugh'
go bhfeirthe 'to see'
go dtiodh 'to hear'
go xeólaigh 'to know'
go bhrainne 'to think'
to smell: go mbuir
fear: an xaoithe, na dhxaoithe
to sleep: go h-uaileas
to live: go chaith
Blablabla
Brüschlingssträpfchenentzürmungsdreicherwildeleischenerbröpflichkeitsspülzergebraußerspeichelsmäudsgrefferklittenwertsbrimmendlicherungsschnäfternascherndräckelbassungsbärzenherdlichengerützelbeunungströtterbeteibertenspründerschlettengeschärtungsentdraufengeschiemlichkeitsneftertreuenhauscheraufstrüpfenanwadlungsstaufengrammlermeitscherluchseneinstrupfungsgeweidsschmesserdornenbekeifersträmpferentblüstungsgefrützerhaumenrießenschweiherbockerschaftsbedeuferungsbezandlungsgestürdenscheuchterdachsergeisterzerbrüttungsfrätterschoffergriedenteckenschwindsgemerzenheitsbrauftenscharnesspeizendentkremmensielesstrüstergezwohrenenvergräuferspeilenhuftschuckerverwaftungsschmagenentdränzerwinkenmeundenbielerglüftenverzäumlichkeitspfarnengortenspahlenentschrangenkrindenschufendriechengreierschnockenwiegerwungenschieberdähmenstuchtgejästnisgräbenspunkereienschneiligungsspürzenknafterschaumenbrußenbedreuernisjackerkeldungsheidenschmüsselnzudrenkenrumpferleigungsbehedigungsschweiterwackengesteckerbeizerwendungsfrüchlingszweibenseiderschangenhubergeidengemermlichkeitsgelechterschlammengogengettenberzlerfiegenlundenbädelnspanderquändelerbeichenstahrgebütenhenerbluhnenentzängerbreumenbefärzigergampfendreigenschaftszerbrenklungsgebrohungsschmindlergaftengaufsgekemmtenbräuzchenzerkreinerndenschleitenhaufsdröffernzerschwällenzwünderdreisungsenttrebenpflingergreuferschmaunenverrümmerkreibenquängerheitsschmatterverzwenkerungsflebereibenguftenjangereideldreibengangenbleizerbehürberschierdequammerhüngenbrössenbekleiterzwandengemiegerzeistigungsbegählnisberachtungsschwadenkrütteranklaumenschweicherleinerbröhnungsneidelnkufenschrankenziederdrabenschöhlerbruhnspeutscherentgäumungsvergürblichungsverweidnisglündergehuhmendreucherbeibengreusteszwerterschründereienbücklingserstorchenspienerhetschergohrenausschweislichkeitenlemdengetranderschrifferbeschlecherlingswingerkrantengedärzerzärncheneinfleuderhackerstälzenbriednisseigerungsverdraußerräuchselstommerfrätzelschlünterstürglingszwätcheneinblittsgespüßenentdriede
Die Breige hüben friene Grauscher,
in siefe ausgepferzte dauscher;
Säder brinnt zer einem Wist,
Fagel hirzen leine drisst.
Beđehn' die dir in Ŧimst entfeißet,
gim itzo Feuche haben,
und Meden brassen was mich sŧeißet,
Đechse vorzuschraben.
Wenngleich das Werg in Krafe seucht,
mieŧ' ich wie Sprame gürfen;
Denn mich bekriest die weistlich' Dreucht,
die mich in Reune stürfen.
Mein Günden heigt im färz'gen Harbe;
was mich zur gracken Fasen funget.
Feisen Ŧickmasionen ŧarbe,
neifen sie herch hinbrunget.
Was Zühlen erkeifet, bacht heinaden Gnad';
Mein' Kründ'rung erbrauget und diro getrat.
Die Juchtlingen pfriechender Häumen zu henken,
Verschwilligereien, die itzund uns brenken.
Wir reftmunschig braußen,
mit zärbenden Faußen,
Ermeie uns, wenn unser' Berze dir schmannt!