Fásriyya
| Fásriyya | |
|---|---|
| Created by | Limius |
| Setting | Avrid |
| Native to | Fasser |
| Ethnicity | Fasserman |
Haïdic
| |
Fásriyya (also Faṣriyya) is an a priori naturalistic artlang, which takes inspiration from, amongst others, Old Japanese, Chinese, the Semitic languages, and Classical Nahuatl. It is spoken in the world of Avríd (also home to the Aeranid languages, such as Tevrés) by the Fassermen (native fásrí’íín) of the nation of Fasser (native fásr). It is a member of the Central-Haïdic language family, ultimately descending from Proto-Common-Haïdic.
Phonology
Vowels
| Front | Back | |
|---|---|---|
| Close | i iː | u uː |
| Mid | eː | |
| Open | a aː | |
| Diphthongs | aj aw | |
Consonants
| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ||||||
| Plosive | voiceless | t | k | q | *ʔ | |||
| voiced | b | d | ɟ | |||||
| Fricative | voiceless | f | s | ɕ | x ~ χ | ħ | h | |
| voiced | z | ɣ ~ ʁ | ʕ | |||||
| Trill | r | |||||||
| Approximate | l | y | w | |||||
Tone
Fásriyya is a tonal language with two tone levels, high (H) and low (L), with low being the default tone. Contour tones (i.e. rising or falling tone melodies) are usually analysed as separate tones occurring on adjacent tone bearing units (morae) and thus have no phonemic status. Tone may be both lexical (an inherent feature of a word) or grammatical. High tones are marked by use of the acute accent (⟨á⟩, ⟨í⟩, ⟨ú⟩) on short vowels, with low tone unmarked. Atonal long vowels (long vowels with a simple low tone) are written with a macron (⟨ā⟩, ⟨ē⟩, ⟨ī⟩, ⟨ū⟩), whilst tonal vowels are written doubled, with an acute accent placed on the first for falling tone (HL) (⟨áa⟩, ⟨ée⟩, ⟨íi⟩, ⟨úu⟩), on the second for rising tone (LH) (⟨aá⟩, ⟨eé⟩, ⟨ií⟩, ⟨uú⟩), and both for a long high tone (HH or just H) (⟨áá⟩, ⟨éé⟩, ⟨íí⟩, ⟨úú⟩).
| Name | Contour | example |
|---|---|---|
| toneless | L | bakuš (/bàkùʃ/) 'they drink' |
| high | H | fásr (/fásr/) 'Fasser' |
| rising | LH | luddú (/lùdːú/) 'head (nom.)' |
| falling | HL | báskir (/báskìr/) 'head' |
| peaking | LHL | baktúru (/bàktúrù/) 'they're speaking' |
| broken | LM* | kaãtr (/kàā̰tr/) 'speech' |
Another tone contour, called the broken tone, may appear on long syllables, as an allophone of the peaking tone. It is written with a tilde over the second vowel (⟨aã⟩, ⟨eẽ⟩, ⟨iĩ⟩, ⟨uũ⟩). It is realised as a contour from low to mid pitch, with creaky voice manifesting towards the end. See more bellow.
Lexical tone
Lexical tone is a feature of Fásriyya's triconsonantal root system, with each root carrying one of the five tone melodies. For example, the root of the word báskiru ('it blooms') is not simple s-k-r, but rather s-k-r HL, with a high-low tone melody. These melodies play themselves across any words derived from their associated stems, that is, all words derived from s-k-r HL carry the same tone melody. Due to the fact that different vocalisations have different numbers of vowels, these lexical tone melodies manifest differently depending on the number of morae (a short vowel is one mora, a long vowel is two) present.
| Toneme | one-mora | two-morae | three-morae | four-morae | five-morae |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| toneless | L ka’n (/kàʔn/) |
LL bak’un (/bàkʔùn/) |
LLL bak’unu (/bàkʔùnù/) |
LLLL kā’inu (/kààʔìnù/) |
LLLLL kā’inīn (/kààʔìnììn/) |
| high | H fásr (/fásr/) |
HH fásrú (/fásrú/) |
HHH báfássír (/báfásːír/) |
HHHH báfássírú (/báfásːírú/) |
HHHHH táfássíríín (/táfásːíríín/) |
| rising | LH* ḡaábd (/ɣǎˑbd/) |
LH ḡabdú (/ɣàbdú/) |
LHH ḡabádá (/ɣàbádá/) |
LHHH baḡáábád (/bàɣáːbád/) |
LHHHH baḡáábádú (/bàɣáːbádú/) |
| falling | HL* sáakr (/sâˑkr/) |
HL sákru (/sákrù/) |
HLL sákira (/sákìrà/) |
HLLL ískīra (/ískìːrà/) |
HLLLL sáakirīn (/sâːkìrìːn/) |
| peaking | LM* kaãtr (/ka̰᷄ˑtr/) |
LHL* kaátru (/kǎˑrù/) |
LHL katára (/kàtárà/) |
LHHL bakáátir (/bàtáːtìr/) |
LHHHL bakáátíru (/bàtáːtírù/) |