Verse:Irta/Judeo-Mandarin/Ballmer

Ballmer Ăn Yidiș (אן אידיש אס בּאַמאר ăn Idiș ăs Bamăr or א בּאַמאריש ă Bamăriș) originates from the Eastern US city of Ballmer (בּאַמאר, from בּאַלא מוֹר Bală Mur 'Big Village', Ḷbāḷdimōra in Palkhan; same location and same local pronunciation /boəlmər/ as our Baltimore). It's the most common Ăn Yidiș dialect in Haredi communities in Irta's US, whereas the Bohemian dialect is the most prevalent in Europe. Bamăriș descends from Ăn Yidiș dialects that were spoken in our timeline's Southern Italy in the late 19th century (many of the earliest European immigrants to Ballmer were Irish and Italians).

Formal written Ăn Yidiș in Bamăriș-speaking communities is close to Standard Ăn Yidiș. However, spoken Bamăriș (described in this page) is highly innovative.

Phonology

• ăm ăn ăl can become syllabic m n l like in our Yiddish.
• It has a 5-vowel system like Yiddish, with the following vowel shifts; the resulting Hebrew reading is coincidentally similar to our Satmar/Poylish Hebrew, just with stop voicing weirdness like the rest of Tsarfati Hebrew.
  • ă > o > u > ow; oa > oy; ea > e > ey > ay > aa
  • ăy, ü > often i
  • /r/ is uvular
  • ņ has shifted to a velar nasal
  • gimel rafe and native gh are [g]
  • d z ģ /t t͡s t͡ʃ/ are [ð z ʒ] after a vowel as in the Baltic dialect
  • broad and slender L merger

Grammar

Bamăriș has lost gender, case and grammatical mutations and mutation has lexicalized to the form that came after the definite article. h- is still added to vowel initial plural nouns but not adjectives.

Bamăriș gained an animacy distinction: non-Hebrew/Aramaic noun plurals are regularly -iņ (< -ug-n < *-óg-anna) if inanimate, -(ă)n if animate. Animate singular nouns always take the definite article nd/n/m (< ănd) while the inanimate singular article is ă before a consonant and ăn before a vowel.

• m břeythin 'the judge', nă břeythinăn 'the judges'
• n leynăv 'the child', nă leynăvn 'the children'
• m beybi 'the baby', nă beybin 'the babies'
• nd Idăch 'the Jew', nă hIdăchn 'the Jews'
• ă rowșin 'the rose', nă rowșiniņ 'the roses'
• ăn ofis 'the office', nă hofisiņ 'the offices'

The 2nd person singular familiar pronoun is thi (thu in Standard Ăn Yidiș). The present tense auxiliary תּאָ is pronounced tu when stressed (when a subject pronoun follows or when used as "yes") and t' or tă when unstressed (when a noun follows).