Literature:Ishtar spoke to her father

Ishtar spoke to her father is the incipit of a famed section in the Epic of Gilgamesh, an epic Mesopotamian poem, and one of the earliest surviving works of literature.

Translations

Ishtar spoke to her father

English

Adapted from an English translation of the Akkadian version, from Tablet VI.

Ishtar spoke to her father, Anu, saying:
"Father, give me the Bull of Heaven,
so he can kill Gilgamesh in his dwelling.
If you do not give me the Bull of Heaven,
I will knock down the Gates of the Netherworld,
I will smash the door posts, and leave the doors flat down,
and will let the dead go up to eat the living!
And the dead will outnumber the living!"

Anrish

※ᚼᛁᚱᛁᚾᛖ‧ᛆᛏᚮ‧ᛄᚢᚱᚢᚴ‧ᛁᚦᛏᚭᚱ‧‧ᛒᛁᛌᛁᛖᚭᚢᛌᛖ	Hírene æto (Anu) púruð Ishtar, bin-jeuáe:	⁄ ˈhiːrene ˌai̯do ˈpuːruð ˈiʃdar binjeˈu̯a.e ǁ
᛭‧᛬ᚮ᛬ᚴᚭᚴᚭᛌ᛬‧ᛘᛁᚱ‧ᛏᚭᚱᚠᚭ‧ᚾᛁᚠᛁᚾᚮ‧ᛦᚾᛏ‧	«o Datá! mír Tarba Nífeno ynt,	o daˈda ǀ mir ˈtarva ˌniːveno iɤ̯nd ǀ
‧ᛆ‧ᚷᛁᛚᚷᚭᛘᛖᚦ‧ᚹᛆᚢᛖᚴ‧ᛦ‧‧ᛒᛁᛌ‧ᛒᚢᚾᛖ‧ᛖᚱᛖ᛬	æ Gilgamesh hlaueð y, bì búne ere.	ai̯ ˈgilgameʃ ˈɬau̯eð iɤ̯, bi ˈbuːne ere ǁ
᛬ᛏᚭᛌ‧ᛘᛁᚱ‧ᛏᚭᚱᚠᚭ‧ᚾᛁᚠᛁᚾᚮ‧ᛖᛌ‧ᚴᚭᛖ‧	Tà mír Tarba Nífeno nin-ynt,	ˈta mir ˈtarva ˌniːveno niˈniɤ̯nd ǀ
‧ᛄᚮᚱᚴᛁᚾᚢᚱ‧ᚮᚹᛖᛌ‧ᚢᛖᛚᛁᚾᚮ‧ᚾᛖᛁᛏᛁᚮ‧ᛘᛆᛁ‧	portenur Ólhé ueleno neitio mea,	ˈpordenur oːˌɬe ˈweleno ˈnei̯dio mea̯ ǀ
‧ᛞᛦᚹᛁᚾᚢᚱ‧ᛄᛖᚱᛄᚮ‧‧ᛁᚮ‧ᚴᛦᚱᛁᚾᚢᚱ‧ᛚᛖᚭᚾᚮ‧ᛆ‧ᛚᛁᛖᚾᚮ‧	sylhenur perpo, jo dyrenur leono æ líeno,	ˈsi̯ɤɬenur ˌperbo ǀ jo ˈdi̯ɤrenur ˌleo̯no ai̯ ˈliːeno ǀ
‧᛬ᛁᚮ‧ᚢᚮᛚᛁᛘᛁᛌ‧ᛦᚾᛖ‧ᛆ‧ᚾᛖᚱᚮᚾᛏᚢᚾᚢᚱ‧ᚭᛏᛖᛌ᛬‧	jo uolemí yne æ nerontunur até!	ˌjo woleˈmi ˌiɤ̯ne ai̯ ˈnerondunur aˈde ǁ
᛬ᛁᚮ‧ᚼᛁᛖ‧ᚢᚮᛚᚢᚾᚢᚱ‧ᛁᛘᚱᚭ‧ᚾᛖᚱᚮᚾᛏᛁᛘᛁᛌ᛬᛭	Jo híe uolunur imra nerontemí.»	jo ˌhie ˈwolunur ˈimra ˌnerondeˈmi ⁄

Chlouvānem

Adapted from an English translation of the Akkadian version, from Tablet VI.

iṣtara mæn anu ga būnom elīce dhāḍirek,	Ishtar.DIR. TOPIC. Anu. ADP. father-DAT.SG. like_this. express.IND.PAST-EXP-INTERIOR-3SG.COMMON.
"būnē, ilēnīyi snīdbhas lum męlimo,	father-VOC.SG. heaven-GEN.SG. bull.DIR.SG. 1SG.DAT. give-EXP-OPT.IMPF.3SG.PATIENT.EXTERIOR.
gilgameṣu amahe kautedrēt.	Gilgamesh-ACC. abode-LOC.SG. kill‹AGENT›-SUBJ.PERF-EXP-3.EXTERIOR.
pū ilēnīyi snīdbhas lum nę gu męlyē ša,	if. heaven-GEN.SG. bull.DIR.SG. 1SG.DAT. 2SG.HIGH_FORMAL.ERG. NEG=give.IND.PRES-EXP-3SG.PATIENT.EXTERIOR=NEG.
mārim uḍūkijāṇi geiraih šutayanārāltam,	then. netherworld-GEN.SG. door-ACC.PL. down-AGENT-push.IND.FUTINT-EXP-1SG.EXTERIOR.
geirjagdhrāṣa vandayutugāltam sama geiraih tokte ilįnāltaṃte,	door_post-ACC.DU. break_into_pieces‹AGENT›-IND.FUTINT-EXP-1SG.EXTERIOR. and. door-ACC.PL. lie_down-INF. leave-IND.FUTINT-EXP-1SG.EXTERIOR-AGENT.
sama lildhavih yųlētte uḍūkāsām āntayiħīlunūdāltam.	and. living_being-ACC.PL eat-SUBJ.PERF-EXP-3.EXTERIOR-AGENT. dead-DAT.PL. upwards-AGENT-walk.MONODIR-PERMIS.IND.FUTINT-EXP-1SG.EXTERIOR.
sama uḍūkē lildhūnīs narenanūnyāhai!"	and. dead-DIR.PL. living_being-ABL.PL. outnumber.IND.FUTINT.EXP.3PL.PATIENT.EXTERIOR.

Cwengâr

Adapted from an English translation of the Akkadian version, from Tablet VI.

Tengâr Ishar dà le nàlh, hÀnu, rŷ cwâr:
"Â hàl! Pelârh rhà êlhônàf norhogw tash,
pen Gwônugw lho G'hôlagamesh gwô lho n âcwemaff.
Amelârh rhà êlhônàf norhogw tash,
O Dôrhôc'hâl ty gwôn hâraff nêramâf,
O Dômôd ty hêramâf ngânâcw ô gwômesôlh ty ud lhur nâg'h âramâf
O Dôngône ty ud tagw gwônàf shelhàf!
O Dône gwônàf ffen ral shelhàf!

Fejãto

Adapted from an English translation of the Akkadian version, from Tablet VI.

Ishtar prãgunejes noç leçu tamuç, da Anu, ethurejeçendo-leç:
«Tamilo, liu saj doe borudeose dam egulaçem,
hã laç mosares nojodersa Gilgames fel norha laçem.
ret nosa saj liu do borudeo da egulaç voke,
Jue peto akelarsa dos gateros de dejoa noram.
Jue peto lejiersa des teles des gateries, im ledo des gateries kusa noram,

Gloss

1.Ishtar prãgunejes noç leçu tam, da Anu, ethurejeçendo-leç:
Ishtar talk.PAST to her father.ACC the Anu say.PAST-her,
Ishtar talked to her father, (the great) Anu, saying:

2.«Tamilo, liu saj doe borudeose dam egulaçem,
Father.DIM give me the.DAT bull.DAT the.GEN heaven.GEN
Father (diminutive/endearing), give me the bull of heaven,

3.hã laç mosares nojodersa Gilgames fel norha laçem.
So he may kill Gilgames in house his.GEN
So he may kill Gilgamesh in his house.

4.ret nosa saj liu doe borudeose dam egulaçem voke,
If you me give the.DAT bull.DAT the.GEN heaven.GEN not,
If you do not give me the bull of heaven,

5.Jue peto akelersa dos gateros dem dejoam noram.
I will break.SECONDARY the.PLURAL gates the.GEN underworld.GEN down
I will break the gates of the Netherworld down

6.Jue peto lejiersa des teles desem gateriesem, im ledo des gateries kusa noram,
I will smash.SECONDARY the.PLURAL post.PLURAL the.PLURAL.GEN gate.PLURAL.DIM and leave the.PLURAL gate.PLURAL.GEN flat down
I will smash the doorposts, and leave the doors flat down

Rencadian

Adapted from an English translation of the Akkadian version, from Tablet VI.

Pæ Isjtar æn Anu, cæw nefnidh, menfarnasj:
"Nefnidh, æm pilcæmnæth nunør ændilre,
thwi λusjech me htæsjec Gilgamæsjeth nowbesteth.
Mechos tjæn æm pilcæmnæth nunør ol medhilre,
Sjim liyntsnøth re hngæfnæ dhin methuceste,
sjim fræych-ciymoltnøth mechaσnasj, dhe fræychnøth binderz mehærfre,
dhe sjim nowbangnøth mevezothø, æn huσâsj æn viycelthnøth ithø!
Dhe sjin nowbangnø viycelthnøth medhoascelhuwzæme!"

ɤˠ.ʷɘɷʱʔ.ˠʞ.ʱʞˀɭɭ.ʟˠɚ.ʞˀɤːʞʷʭːɭɭ.ʏˀʞɤːʱʔʞʱɘɿ
[ʞˀɤːʞʷʭːɭɭ.ˠʏ.ɤʷcʟˠʏʞˠɷː.ʞ˧˥ʞʶʔ.ˠʞʭʷcʔˀɭɭ
ɷːɚʷ.ɧ˧˥ɘˀʟː.ʏˀ.ɵːɷˠɘˀʟ.ʊʷcʊʱʏˠɘˀɷː.ʞˁɚʌˀɵɷˀɷːɭ
ʏˀʟːˁɵ.ɯˠʞ.ˠʏ.ɤʷcʟˠʞʏˠɷː.ʞ˧˥ʞʶʔ.ˁc.ʏˀʭːʷcʔˀɭɭ
ɘʷʏ.cʷʘʞʕʞʶɷː.ʔˀ.ɘːʁˠɤːʞˠ.ʭːʷʞ.ʏˀɷː˧˥ʟˀɵɷˀɭɭ
ɘʷʏ.ɤːʔˠʘʟːǀʟʷʘʏˁcɷʞʶɷː.ʏˀʟːʱɸʞʱɘɭɭ.ʭːˀ.ɤːʔˠʘʟːʞʶɷː.ʌʷʞʭˀʔɶ.ʏˀɵːˠʔɤːʔˀɭɭ
ʭːˀ.ɘʷʏ.ʞˁɚʌʱʁʞʶɷː.ʏˀʌːˀɶˁɷːʶɭɭ.ˠʞ.ːʷɸʱʱɘ.ˠʞ.ʌːʷʘʟˀcɷːʞʶɷː.ʷɷːʶʂ
ʭːˀ.ɘʷʞ.ʞˁɚʌʱʁʞʶ.ʌːʷʘʟˀcɷːʞʶɷː.ʏˀʭːˁʱɵʟˀcɵʘ˧˥ɚɶˠʏˀʂ]

Valian

Adapted from an English translation of the Akkadian version, from Tablet VI.

Istar käenama Torminä, Anu, käenamast nee:
"Tormitä, lahetu tarvas vilyain,
nukkestina Kiilgame, nee saa ëksanä.
laheestilyakatust tarvas vilyain,
üga pakkate Mandoin Süüra
ügast haudante mandotarvasid
ügast lantalasse' mandoin
ügast kevate elennain vastaan vaa tundusin lennain,
ügast maganänanun!
puuliestinän elennain lennain!

Gloss

Istar spoke father-her, Anu, spoke-and she:
"Father-mine, give-me bull heavens,
kill-may-he Gilgamesh, he in home-his.
give-opt-not-thou-me-and bull heavens,
then knock-I door-pl dark_world
then-and destroy-I-and door;tree;dual
then-and fall-they-pas.opt;and doors-pl
then-and forgive/allow unliving to_wander up_into the lands living-pl
then-and they-eat-them
outnumber-may-they-and unliving-pl living-pl!

Soc'ul'

Xauc Ishtar cé hé, Anu, āhxauc: "Cuoj cé, corxec Diux Ñēyan, c'ez c'e cur Gilgamesh ñe nu eý. Ih xen corxec Diux Ñēyan, uc' setncñ'ebeax Ñeidíl' Aian, uc' cuvuyax róño, cuñéz ñéiad' āhusuíz, uc' sehb'ei sehcuj ez' lád āhú a ez' il! Uc' hazen cuder' cuder' ez' lád ez' il je!"

Xauc

speak

Ishtar

cé

father

hé,

CL2.INAL

Anu,

Anu

āh-xauc:

REL-say

Cuoj

VOC

cé,

father

cor-xec

2>1-give

Diux

beast of burden

Ñēyan,

ñēyan

c'ez

RES

c'e

ABIL

cur

kill

Gilgamesh

ñe

dwelling

nu

CL2.POSS

eý.

in

Ih

if

xen

NEG

corxec

2>1-give

Diux

beast of burden

Ñēyan,

ñēyan,

uc'

SUBJ

setn-cñ'ebe-ax

1>CL3-collapse-CAUS

Ñeidíl'

gate.PL

Aian,

aian

uc'

SUBJ

cu-vuy-ax

1>CL5-rupture-CAUS

róño,

door post

cu-ñéz

1>CL5-leave

ñéiad'

door.PL

āh-u-suíz,

REL-CL5>CL5-lie

uc'

SUBJ

seh-b'ei

1>CL2-allow

seh-cuj

1>CL2-rise

ez'

NZ.CL2

lád

dead

āh-ú

REL-eat

a

ACC.CL2

ez'

NZ.CL2

il!

living

Uc'

Subj

hazen

COP.CL2>CL2

cuder' cuder'

too much

ez'

NZ.CL2

lád

dead

ez'

NZ.CL2

il

living

je!"

to