| Sošoví |
|---|
| lesán sošovíć |
| Created by | IlL |
|---|
| Native speakers | 393,000 (2013) |
|---|
| |
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Assumptions:
- Final short vowels are weakened at around the same time as Proto-Slavic reduces final short vowels to jers.
- Palatalization does *not* follow Slavic, except in affixes and function words
Diachronics
| Proto-North Semitic
|
Proto-Sošoví
|
| i
|
ь
|
| u
|
ъ
|
| a
|
o
|
| ī
|
i
|
| ū
|
y u
|
| aj > ē
|
ě
|
| aw
|
u
|
| ā
|
a
|
| an
|
ǫ
|
| in
|
ę, ь
|
| un
|
ǫ, ъ
|
Havlík's law: strong *ъ > *o, strong *ь > *e, weak jers don't do anything
Cja > Cě
Nouns
| Masculine noun: moloč 'king'
|
| Case |
Singular |
Dual |
Plural
|
| nom./voc.
|
moloč |
molča |
molču
|
| genitive
|
molčo |
molčě |
molči
|
| dative
|
molčlu |
molčěluma |
molčilúm
|
| accusative
|
molčo |
molča |
molču
|
| ins./loc.
|
molčbi |
molčěbima |
molčibím
|
| Masculine noun: júm 'day'
|
| Case |
Singular |
Dual |
Plural
|
| nom./voc.
|
júm |
júma |
júmu
|
| genitive
|
júmo |
júmě |
júmi
|
| dative
|
júmlu |
júměluma |
júmilúm
|
| accusative
|
júm |
júma |
júmu
|
| ins./loc.
|
júmbi |
júměbima |
júmibím
|
| Feminine noun: molča 'queen'
|
| Case |
Singular |
Dual |
Plural
|
| nom./voc.
|
molča |
molčota |
molčáć
|
| genitive
|
molčoto |
molčoćě |
molčaći
|
| dative
|
molčotla |
molčoćěluma |
molčaćilín
|
| accusative
|
molčoto |
molčota |
molčáć
|
| ins./loc.
|
molčotbě |
molčoćěbima |
molčaćibín
|
| Feminine noun: sura 'performance; ritual'
|
| Case |
Singular |
Dual |
Plural
|
| nom./voc.
|
sura |
surota |
suráć
|
| genitive
|
suroto |
suroćě |
suraći
|
| dative
|
surotla |
suroćěluma |
suraćilín
|
| accusative
|
sura |
surota |
suráć
|
| ins./loc.
|
surotbě |
suroćěbima |
suraćibín
|
Adjectives
| Adjective declension: tabí 'good'
|
|
|
Singular |
Dual |
Plural
|
| masculine |
feminine |
masculine |
feminine |
masculine |
feminine
|
Pronouns
| Personal pronouns
|
| Case |
First person
|
| Singular |
Dual |
Plural
|
| Nominative
|
na |
nan
|
| Genitive
|
meni |
menna
|
| Dative
|
li |
lona
|
| Accusative
|
nani, ni |
nanna
|
| Ins./Loc.
|
bi |
bna
|
| Personal pronouns, cont.
|
| Case |
Second person |
Third person
|
| Singular |
Dual |
Plural |
Singular |
Dual |
Plural
|
| masculine |
feminine |
masculine |
feminine |
masculine |
feminine |
masculine |
feminine
|
| Nominative
|
ąt |
ąć |
ątma |
ątmu |
ątna |
hú |
hí |
homa |
homu |
hen
|
| Genitive
|
męk |
męč |
mękma |
mękmu |
męčna |
men |
mená |
menoma |
menomu |
menen
|
| Dative
|
lók |
lóč |
lókma |
lókmu |
lóčna |
lu |
lá |
luma |
lumu |
lín
|
| Accusative
|
ątok, tok |
ąćeč, ćeč |
ątokma, tokma |
ątokmu, tokmu |
ąćečna, ćečna |
henu |
hená |
henoma |
henomu |
henen
|
| Ins./Loc.
|
bík |
bíč |
bekma |
bekmu |
bečna |
bí |
bě |
bíma |
bímu |
bín
|
Verbs
The lemma form of verbs is the aorist 3rd person masculine.
Binyan A: kotol
Regular (strong) paradigm
Active
| kotol 'he killed'
|
| Infinitive/Verbal noun
|
| kotlíć
|
| Present
|
|
Singular |
Dual |
Plural
|
| 1
|
oktol |
nektol
|
| 2.m
|
toktol
|
ćektla |
ćektlu
|
| 2.f
|
toktli |
ćektolon
|
| 3.m
|
joktol
|
jektla |
jektlu
|
| 3.f
|
joktli |
jektolon
|
| Imperfect
|
|
Singular |
Dual |
Plural
|
| 1
|
póktol |
ponektol
|
| 2.m
|
potoktol
|
poćektla |
poćektlu
|
| 2.f
|
potoktli |
poćektolon
|
| 3.m
|
pojoktol
|
pojektla |
pojektlu
|
| 3.f
|
pojoktli |
pojektolon
|
| Aorist
|
|
Singular |
Dual |
Plural
|
| 1
|
kotlok |
kotolna
|
| 2.m
|
kotlot
|
kotoltma |
kotoltmu
|
| 2.f
|
kotleć |
kotoltna
|
| 3.m
|
kotol
|
kotla |
kotlu
|
| 3.f
|
kotla |
kotlon
|
| Future I
|
|
Singular |
Dual |
Plural
|
| 1
|
rši oktol |
rši nektol
|
| 2.m
|
rši toktol
|
rši ćektla |
rši ćektlu
|
| 2.f
|
rši toktli |
rši ćektolon
|
| 3.m
|
rši joktol
|
rši jektla |
rši jektlu
|
| 3.f
|
rši joktlím |
rši jektolon
|
| Future II
|
|
Singular |
Dual |
Plural
|
| 1
|
očún katel/katla |
nečún katla/katlu/katláć
|
| 2.m
|
točún katel
|
ćečuna katla |
ćečunu katlu
|
| 2.f
|
točuni katla |
ćečunon katláć
|
| 3.m
|
jočún katel
|
ječuna katla |
ječunu katlu
|
| 3.f
|
jočuni katla |
ječunon katláć
|
| Pluperfect
|
|
Singular |
Dual |
Plural
|
| 1
|
čąk katel/katla |
čanna katla/katlu/katláć
|
| 2.m
|
čąt katel
|
čątma katla |
čątmu katlu
|
| 2.f
|
čąć katla |
čątna katláć
|
| 3.m
|
čán katel
|
čana katla |
čanu katlu
|
| 3.f
|
čána katla |
čanon katláć
|