Jorvanian
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| Jorvanian | |
|---|---|
| Created by | – |
| Date | 2009 |
| Setting | Southern Phrazea |
| Native to | Jorvania |
Indo-Phrazean
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Early form | Pre-Jorvanian
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Standard form | Northern Jorvanian dialect
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Jorvanian is a Jorvano-Clawmic language belonging to the Indo-Phrazean family, which evolved from Vulgar Latin. It is the official language of both Jorvania and Genovia, and holds official minority status in Prillovania. While many Jorvanian terms trace their origins to Latin, the language also incorporates significant influences from Semitic, Germanic, Turkic, and Slavic languages. Notable sources include Daburjo-Hetherian (Arabic), Mikalandese, Genovian, Lavenderian, and a considerable number of English-based terms.
Jorvanian has always used the Latin script, with the earliest known writings dating back to the late Middle Ages.
Grammar
Articles
The article system in Jorvanian is quite straightforward and simple. The definite articles are "il" in the singular and "i" in the plural. Indefinite articles are "en" in the singular and "ene" in the plural.
Examples of nouns:
- il angulo - (the angle)
- il animosità - (the animosity)
- il ližko - (the bed)
- il ǧaras - (the bell)
- il detalj - (the detail)
Personal pronouns
| personal pronouns | possessive pronoun | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| subjective | objective | ||||
| first person |
singular | ij | moj | ||
| plural | nos | nostru | |||
| second person |
singular | default | tu | toj | |
| formal | usted | sujo | |||
| plural | vos | vostru | |||
| third person |
singular | masculine | él | su | sije |
| feminine | éla | ||||
| neuter | és | ||||
| plural | loro | ||||
- The subject always precedes the verb. In many cases, the subject can be implied and left out, especially when the meaning is clear. The subject cannot appear in relative clauses when it remains the same as the one in the main clause.
- (Ij) Parlo Jorvani. "I speak Jorvanian."
- Il kane insegwiba il gato perké (él) čerkaba su kolar. "The dog was chasing the cat because he was looking for his collar."
- Objective pronouns function as direct objects. If the verb is in the infinitive or imperative form, the pronoun is attached to the verb with a hyphen. In other cases, the pronoun precedes the verb.
- Él me dedo en penna. "He gave me a pen."
- Envija-me en léttera. "Send me a letter."
- Possessive pronouns can function as determiners and pronouns. The possessive pronouns must appear like this: [article] + [pronoun] + [noun]. However, the article isn't always needed.
- Moj matita. "My pencil."
- Ašpjetta, este son loro exami! "Wait, these are their exams!"
- Nostru istorija es valde divertente. "Our story is very funny."
Verbs
In Jorvanian, verbs typically fall into three conjugation patterns, ending in "-are", "-ere", and "-ire" in their infinitive forms. However, the conjugations are largely similar across these patterns. The language features two main tenses: the indicative and the subjunctive. Some verbs are irregular, with vowel or consonant changes occurring in their forms.
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