Quququqquq

Pages with the prefix 'Quququqquq' in the and 'Talk' namespaces:

Talk:

In Angai, Quququqquq (/ku:ku:'kʊkkʊk/, natively quququqquq qaqqaäa /kùkùkùkːùk kàkːàáà/ [kʰùvūvūkūɰˀ kʰàkǣǽǣ]) is the most phonologically minimalistic Kawenic language, with just one consonant /k/, two vowels /u a/, and two tones (high, Romanized ä ü and low, Romanized a u). It's spoken in the island nation of Quqqaäa (pronounced /'kʊkə/ in English).

Quququqquq grammar is mainly inspired by Finnic languages. Like Estonian, Quququqquq is a partially fusionalized agglutinative language with a large noun case system.

Quqqaäa

History

Old Quququqquq had two consonants /t k/. After an epidemic hit, speakers could only communicate in a whistled form of the language, which didn't distinguish between the two consonants. When they later developed a written language based on this, the distinction was thus lost. Words that became homophonous were distinguished by compounding and derivation.

Morphology

Nouns and adjectives

Quququqquq nouns and adjectives have 17 cases:

nominative: the syntactic subject of any verb, intransitive or transitive
genitive: the possessor of a noun, or the semantic patient of a verb (the noun that undergoes change as a result of a transitive verb)
partitive: an object of a transitive verb that is not semantically a patient
illative: 'into'
inessive: 'in, inside'
elative: 'out of'
allative: 'towards; recipient of an act of giving'
adessive: 'at, by, next to'
- X-ADE qaü Y-NOM is used for 'X has Y': Qauaqqüqua qaü qüqququqau 'Qauaqquq has a cuckoo'
ablative: 'from; a person from whom something is taken, stolen, etc. from'

Inflection

Nouns and adjectives have four principal parts:

I: nominative singular (never ends in -qq)
II: genitive singular (never ends in -q)
III: genitive plural (often but not always ends in -qa; never ends in -q)
IV: partitive plural (always ends in -q; sometimes III+q but not always)

Given principal parts nouns are declined as follows:


	singular	plural
nominative	I	II-q
genitive	II	III
partitive	I-q	IV
illative	II-ü	III-ü
inessive	II-qqu	III-qqu
elative	II-qquq	III-qquq
allative	II-qua	III-qua
adessive	II-qqa	III-qqa
ablative	II-qqaq	III-qqaq
translative	II-ququ	III-ququ
terminative	II-quaä	III-quaä
durative	II-quqqü	III-quqqü
essive	II-qaua	III-qaua
exessive	II-qauaq	III-qauaq
comitative	II-qqäqu	III-qqäqu
abessive	II-uqqau	III-uqqau
instructive	II-qqaqqu	III-qqaqqu

Examples:

*aqua, aqü, aquaqa, aquauq* 'water'
	singular	plural
nominative	aqua	aqüq
genitive	aqü	aquaqa
partitive	aquaq	aquauq
illative	aqüü	aquaqaü
inessive	aqüqqu	aquaqaqqu
elative	aqüqquq	aquaqaqquq
allative	aqüqua	aquaqaqua
adessive	aqüqqa	aquaqaqqa
ablative	aqüqqaq	aquaqaqqaq
translative	aqüququ	aquaqaququ
terminative	aqüquaä	aquaqaquaä
durative	aqüquqqü	aquaqaquqqü
essive	aqüqaua	aquaqaqaua
exessive	aqüqauaq	aquaqaqauaq
comitative	aqüqqäqu	aquaqaqqäqu
abessive	aqüuqqau	aquaqauqqau
instructive	aqüqqaqqu	aquaqaqqaqqu

*quququqquq, quququqququ, quququqquqa, quququqquqq* 'Quququqquq (adjective)'
	singular	plural
nominative	quququqquq	quququqququq
genitive	quququqququ	quququqquqa
partitive	quququqquqq	quququqquqq
illative	quququqququü	quququqquqaü
inessive	quququqququqqu	quququqquqaqqu
elative	quququqququqquq	quququqquqaqquq
allative	quququqquququa	quququqquqaqua
adessive	quququqququqqa	quququqquqaqqa
ablative	quququqququqqaq	quququqquqaqqaq
translative	quququqququququ	quququqquqaququ
terminative	quququqquququaä	quququqquqaquaä
durative	quququqquququqqü	quququqquqaquqqü
essive	quququqququqaua	quququqquqaqaua
exessive	quququqququqauaq	quququqquqaqauaq
comitative	quququqququqqäqu	quququqquqaqqäqu
abessive	quququqququuqqau	quququqquqauqqau
instructive	quququqququqqaqqu	quququqquqaqqaqqu

*qaqqaäa, qaqqaäa, qaqqaäqa, qaqqaäaq* 'tongue, language'
	singular	plural
nominative	qaqqaäa	qaqqaäaq
genitive	qaqqaäa	qaqqaäqa
partitive	qaqqaäaq	qaqqaäaq
illative	qaqqaäaü	qaqqaäqaü
inessive	qaqqaäaqqu	qaqqaäqaqqu
elative	qaqqaäaqquq	qaqqaäqaqquq
allative	qaqqaäaqua	qaqqaäqaqua
adessive	qaqqaäaqqa	qaqqaäqaqqa
ablative	qaqqaäaqqaq	qaqqaäqaqqaq
translative	qaqqaäaququ	qaqqaäqaququ
terminative	qaqqaäaquaä	qaqqaäqaquaä
durative	qaqqaäaquqqü	qaqqaäqaquqqü
essive	qaqqaäaqaua	qaqqaäqaqaua
exessive	qaqqaäaqauaq	qaqqaäqaqauaq
comitative	qaqqaäaqqäqu	qaqqaäqaqqäqu
abessive	qaqqaäauqqau	qaqqaäqauqqau
instructive	qaqqaäaqqaqqu	qaqqaäqaqqaqqu

Verbs

TODO: Do verbs have principal parts?

Quququqquq verbs have several differences from Standard Average European:

negative verb that marks TAM
emphatic forms instead of subject pronouns (cf. Old Irish)
impersonal forms

Infinitives end in -uqa or -üqa depending on the verb. The connegative form (the form used after the negative verb) is always identical to the imperative.

*quqüäquqa* 'to write'
indicative mood										imperative mood
		nonpast		past		nonpast emphatic		past emphatic		imperative mood
per.	no.	affirmative	negative	affirmative	negative	affirmative	negative	affirmative	negative	affirmative	negative
1st	sg.	quqüäqau	äau quqüä	quqüäqää	äqqau quqüä	quqüäqauqqa	äqauqqa quqüä	quqüäqääuqqa	äqqauqqa quqüä	-	-
2nd		quqüäqu	äu quqüä	quqüäqäqu	äqqu quqüä	quqüäqqä	äqäqqä quqüä	quqüäqäqqä	äqqäqqä quqüä	quqüä	äua quqüä
3rd		quqüäquq	ää quqüä	quqüäqä	äqq quqüä	quqüäquqqa	äqaquqqa quqüä	quqüäqäqqa	äqqaqqa quqüä	quqüäqa	äuqaa quqüä
1st	pl.	quqüäqaüq	äqaüq quqüä	quqüäqäaüq	äqqauq quqüä	quqüäqaüquqq	äqaüquqq quqüä	quqüäqäaüquqq	äqqaüquqq quqüä	quqüäqaqaüq	äuqaqaüq quqüä
2nd		quqüäququq	äququq quqüä	quqüäqäuquq	äqququq quqüä	quqüäquququqq	äquququqq quqüä	quqüäqäuququqq	äqquququqq quqüä	quqüäqaquq	äuqaquq quqüä
3rd		quqüäqüüq	äqüüq quqüä	quqüäqäüüq	äqqüüq quqüä	quqüäqüüquqq	äqauqq quqüä	quqüäqäüüquqq	äqqauqq quqüä	quqüäqääq	äuqääq quqüä
impersonal		quqüäqua	äqua quqüä	quqüäqäua	äqqua quqüä	-	-	-	-	quqüäqaua	äuqaua quqüä

qaüqa 'to be'

Pronouns

Personal pronouns have no nominative forms; emphatic forms of verbs are used instead to emphasize a pronominal subject.

Pronouns have emphatic forms too.