Paang

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Roshterian /rɒʃˈtɛriən/ (ezhbaeroshtherim 'The Roshterian language') is a Talmic language spoken in East Cuadhlabh.


Inspirations: Welsh, Tamil

Labial Dental/Alveolar Retroflex Velar Uvular Glottal
central lateral central lateral
Nasal m /m/ n /n̪/ nh /ɳ/ [ŋ] [ɴ]
Stop voiceless p /p/ t /t̪/ th /ʈ/ c /k/ q /q/
voiced b /b/ d /d̪/ dh /ɖ/ g /g/
Continuant voiceless (f /f/?) s /s/ ł /ɬ/ sh /ʂ/ łh /ɬ̠/ h /h/
voiced w /v~w/ r /r/ l /l/ zh /ʐ~ɻ~ɭ/ gh /ʁ/

evidentials, quasi-polysynthetic

i i: u u: e e: ə ə: o o: a a: ai ei iə eu uə oi iu

i î u û e ê y ŷ o ô a â ae ei ia eu ua oe iu

Sound changes

  • *ā > ia (*nā > nia 'I'); *ō > ua; *au > ô; *ou > û; *ū > î
  • *qʷ > /χʷ/ > /ɧ/ > sh; *ʁʷ > /ζ/ > zh
  • *nw, tw, dw, sw, łw, lw, rw > nh, th, dh, sh, łh, zh, zh /ɳ, ʈ, ɖ, ʂ, ɬ̠, ʐ~ɻ~ɭ, ʐ~ɻ~ɭ/
  • *sl-, sm-, sn- > zh-, m-, nh-
  • *sɸ-, sr-, sw- > f-, zh-, sh-
  • *st, sk > th-/shth, sc (*bastom > bashtho 'king' ~ Tíogall bast 'head')
  • *sb, sd, sg > zhb, zhdh, zhg (*nasge > nazhg '3')
  • *φn, tn, φl, tl > /ːn, ts, ːɬ, tɬ/
  • *kt, qt > /jt, :ʈ/ (*tektə > teit /teit/ 'child', *neqtə > nêth /neːʈ/ 'cloud')
  • *kn, gn, qn > /jn, jn, :ɳ/
  • *φj, tj, kj, qj > pt ss ts gh
  • *φ-, j- > h-
  • *skj, stj > sht, st
  • final short vowels lost; final -m, -s, -t lost; final long vowels shorten (ia, ua > i, u)
  • l-, r- > gl-, gr-