Hammadhi

Hammadhi (native: حمّاذي /ħamːaːðiː/) is an Indo-Aryan language.

Phonology

Consonants

Hammadhi consonant phonemes

		Labial	Dental	Alveolar	Postalveolar/ Palatal	Velar/ Uvular	Pharyngeal	Glottal
Nasal		م m		ن n	ݧ ñ ɲ	ڹ ŋ
Stop	voiceless	پ p	ت t t̪	ٿ‎ t t		ك k		ء ʔ
	voiced	ب b	د d d̪	ڐ d d		ڭ‎ ɡ
	emphatic	ڀ ṗ pˁ	ط ṭ t̪ˁ			ق q
Affricate	voiceless				چ č tʃ
	voiced				ج j dʒ
Fricative	voiceless	ف f	ث θ	س s	ش š ʃ	خ x χ	ح ḥ ħ	هـ h
	voiced		ذ ð	ز z		غ ğ ʁ	ع ʕ
	emphatic			ص ṣ sˁ
Trill				ر r
Approximant				ل l	ي y j	و w

Comments:

¹ Dental stops are laminal, while alveolar stops are apical.

Vowels

Hammadhi vowel phonemes

	Short		Long
	Front	Back	Front	Back
Close	بِ i	بُ u	بِي ī iː	بُو ū uː
Mid	بٖ e	بٗ o	بٖي ē eː	بٗو ō oː
Open	بَ a		بَا ā aː
Diphthongs	بَوْ au aw; بَيْ ai aj

Morphology

Pronouns

Personal pronouns

Hammadhi personal pronouns

Person	Number	Familiarity	Direct	Oblique	Possessive
1	S	Informal	عاڹ ʕāŋ	مي mē	مج majj
		Formal	هم ham		همان hamān
	P	Informal
		Formal	بيڹ bēŋ	نو nō	نون nōn
2	S	Informal	پاڹ pāŋ	تي tē	تج tujj
		Formal	چم čum		چمان čumān
	P	Informal
		Formal	جوڹ jūŋ	بو bō	بون bōn
3	S	Informal	إيڹ ʔēŋ	نين nēn	أچ ʔačč
		Formal	إيح ʔēħ		إيحان ʔēħān
	P	Informal
		Formal	إم ʔim	جو jō	جون jōn

Numerals

Hammadhi numerals

#	Cardinal	Ordinal	Fractional
0	حݧ ħuññ	حݧم ħuññam	—
1	إك ʔekk	پشم pašam	ڀن ṗunn
2	بي bē	بيجم bījjam	هڐا haddā
3	ٿي tē	ٿيجم tījjam	ٿباغ tibāğ
4	صوار ṣawār	صوارم ṣawāram	صوٿ ṣaut
5	ڀنز ṗanz	ڀنزم ṗanzam
6	سٿ satt	سٿم sattam
7	حت ħatt	حتم ħattam
8	هٿا hattā	هٿام hattām
9	نو naww	نوم nawwam
10	دح daħ	دحم daħam
11	ياذح yāðaħ	ياذحم yāðaħam
12	باذح bāðaħ	باذحم bāðaħam
13	ٿيذح tēðaħ	ٿيذحم tēðaħam
14	صوڐح ṣaudaħ	صوڐحم ṣaudaħam
15	ڀنڐح ṗandaħ	ڀنڐحم ṗandaħam
16	حولح ħōlaħ	حولحم ħōlaħam
17	حذح ħaððaħ	حذحم ħaððaħam
18	هٿاذح hattāðaħ	هٿاذحم hattāðaħam
19	نوذح nōðaħ	نوذحم nōðaħam
20	بيح bīħ	بيحم bīħam
21	بيحا إك bīħā ʔekk	بيحا إكم bīħā ʔekkam
30	ٿيح tīħ	ٿيحم tīħam
40	صواريح ṣawārīħ	صواريحم ṣawārīħam
50	ڀنزيح ṗanzīħ	ڀنزيحم ṗanzīħam
60	سٿيح sattīħ	سٿيحم sattīħam
70	حتيح ħattīħ	حتيحم ħattīħam
80	هٿائيح hattāʔīħ	هٿائيحم hattāʔīħam
90	نويح nawwīħ	نويحم nawwīħam
100	حو ħaww	حوم ħawwam
101	حو إك ħaww ʔekk	حو إكم ħaww ʔekkam
200	بي حو bē ħaww	بي حوم bē ħawwam
1000	حاچ ħāč	حاچم ħāčam

Verbs

Example verb: lixām "to write"

The verb lixām "to write" is conjugated as follows:

Non-finite forms of the verb lixām "to write"

Infinitive	lixām
Present active participle	lixān
Present passive participle	lixamān
Past active participle	lixipp
Past passive participle	lixī
Future active participle	lixejj
Future passive participle	lixanejj

Finite forms of the verb lixām "to write"

Person	First	Second	Third	Zeroth
Aorist	lixam	lixaθ	lixat	lixand
Present active	lixānam	lixānaθ	lixānat	lixānand
Present passive	lixamānam	lixamānaθ	lixamānat	lixamānand
Past active	lixippam	lixippaθ	lixippat	lixippand
Past passive	lixiyam	lixiyaθ	lixiyat	lixiyand
Future active	lixejjam	lixejjaθ	lixejjat	lixejjand
Future passive	lixanejjam	lixanejjaθ	lixanejjat	lixanejjand

Syntax