Harākti/Conjugation
< Harākti
Harākti verbal system is in general simpler than that of Latin or Sanskrit, but still a bit more complex than its Anatolian sister language, Hittite. This page covers most of the various congjugation parradigms of Harākti.
Basic conjugation
| Overview of conjugations | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mood | Person, number |
Active | Mediopassive | Passive | |||
| Present | Preterite | Present | Preterite | Present | Preterite | ||
| Indicative | 1 sg. | -mi/-a | -an | -(a)hari | -(a)han | -(a)mari | -(a)mar |
| 2 sg. | -(e)si | -(e)s | -(e)hati | (e)hat | -(e)sari | -(e)sar | |
| 3 sg. | -(e)ti | -(e)t | -(e)tari | -(e)tat | -(e)tori | -(e)tor | |
| 1 du. | -(a)vē | -(a)ven | -(a)vastah | -(a)vedah | -(a)dori | -(a)doron | |
| 2 du. | -(e)tē | -(e)tan | -(e)vatē | -(e)vetat | -(e)vari | -(e)varat | |
| 3 du. | -(e)tē | -(e)tan | -(e)vatē | -(e)vetat | -(e)vari | -(e)varat | |
| 1 pl. | -(a)mē | -(a)men | -(a)mastah | -(a)metah | -(a)mori | -(a)moron | |
| 2 pl. | -(e)te | -(e)ten | -(e)dahū | -(e)dahūt | -(e)dari | -(e)darat | |
| 3 pl. | -(a)nti | -er | -(a)ntar | -(a)ntat | -(a)ntori | -(a)ntorat | |
| Imperative | 1 sg. | -(a)lu | - | -(a)haru | - | -(a)maru | - |
| 2 sg. | -(e)di/-(ei)e | -(e)hut | -(e)rut | ||||
| 3 sg. | -tu/-u | -(e)taru | -(e)toru | ||||
| 1 du. | -ūn | -(a)dūn | -(a)dūr | ||||
| 2 du. | -(e)ton | -(e)tun | -(e)run | ||||
| 3 du. | -(e)ton | -(e)tun | -(e)run | ||||
| 1 pl. | -(a)mu | -(a)madu | -(a)moru | ||||
| 2 pl. | -(e)tū | -(e)dū | -(e)rū | ||||
| 3 pl. | -(a)ndu | -(a)ntu | -(a)ntū | ||||
Other tenses, aspects and moods:
- future: -s (added to the present forms)
- progressive-iterative: -re-
- habitual-durative: -sk-
- causative: -nen- (→ -ne-/-nu-/-neu-)
- conditional: mān (plus normally conjugated verb)
- optative: mēn (plus normally conjugated verb)
- reputative: kān (plus normally conjugated verb)
Impersonal forms:
- present active gerund: -(a)uantsi (indeclinable)
- past active gerund: -vese/-uese (indeclinable)
- present active participle: -(a)man (declined as adjectives)
- past active participle verbal: -(a)nt- (forming tenses)
- past active participle adjectival: -(a)mantsi (declined as adjectives)
- past passive participle: -it/-id (declined as adjectives)
- infinitives: -ā/-ī (active), -hī (mediopassive), -rī (passive)
- supine: -(a)uan
- verbal noun: -atar/-(e)shar (7th declension)
Types of conjugation
Type vēdī
Verbs: vēdī see, vādī know
| Type vēdī (to see) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mood | Person, number |
Active | Mediopassive | Passive | |||
| Present | Preterite | Present | Preterite | Present | Preterite | ||
| Indic. | 1 sg. | vēda | vēdan | vēshari | vēshan | vēdlari | vēdlan |
| 2 sg. | vēsi | vēdes | vēshati | vēshat | vēshali | vēdlat | |
| 3 sg. | vēti | vēdet | vēstari | vēstat | vēstali | vēdlet | |
| 1 du. | vēdvē | vēdven | vēdvastah | vēdvedah | vēdvalah | vēdvelah | |
| 2 du. | vēstē | vēdetan | vēdvatē | vēdvetat | vēdvalē | vēdvelat | |
| 3 du. | vēstē | vēdetan | vēdvatē | vēdvetat | vēdvalē | vēdvelat | |
| 1 pl. | vēmē | vēdmen | vēdmastah | vēdmetah | vēdmalah | vēdmelah | |
| 2 pl. | vēste | vēdeten | vēdahū | vēdahūt | vēdalū | vēdalūt | |
| 3 pl. | vēnti | vēdant | vēntar | vēntat | vēdlanti | vēdlant | |
| Imper. | 1 sg. | vēlu | - | vēsharu | - | vēdlaru | - |
| 2 sg. | vēdi | vēshut | vēdlut | ||||
| 3 sg. | vēdu | vēstaru | vēstalu | ||||
| 1 du. | vēdūn | vēdūn | vēdvaluh | ||||
| 2 du. | vēston | vēstun | vēdvalū | ||||
| 3 du. | vēston | vēstun | vēdvalū | ||||
| 1 pl. | vēdmu | vēdmadu | vēdmaluh | ||||
| 2 pl. | vēstei | vēdū | vēdalū | ||||
| 3 pl. | vēndu | vēntu | vēdlantu | ||||
| Future | vēdas | vēsharis | vēdlaris | ||||
| Progressive-iterative | vēdremi | vēdran, vēdres |
vēdrehari | vēdrehan | vēdrelari | vēdrelan | |
| Habitual-durative | vēdeska | vēdeskan | vēdeskahari | vēdeskahan | vēdeskalari | vēdeskalan | |
| Causative | vēdnumi | vēdneuan | vēdnuhari | vēdnuhan | vēdnulari | vēdnulan | |
| Conditional | vēdohmi | vēdohan | vēdohahari | vēdohahan | vēdohlari | vēdohlan | |
| Optative | vēdīmi | vēdīan | vēdīhari | vēdīhan | vēdīlari | vēdīlan | |
| Conditional-optative | vēdahmi | vēdihan | vēdihahari | vēdihahan | vēdahlari | vēdihlan | |
| Impersonal forms | |||||||
| Gerund | present active | vēduente | |||||
| past active | vēdvese | ||||||
| Participle | present active | vēdmano | |||||
| past active | vēdon | ||||||
| Supine | vēduan | ||||||
| Infinitive | active | vēdā | |||||
| mediopassive | vēdahī | ||||||
| passive | vēdlā | ||||||
| Nominalised verb | vēdo | ||||||
Testing area
Testing area 1
| Conjugation of X (English) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mood | Person, number |
Active | Passive | ||||
| Present | Preterite | Future | Present | Preterite | Future | ||
| Indic. | 1 sg. | mi/a | an | mis | mari | mar | maris |
| 2 sg. | si | s | sis | sari | sar | saris | |
| 3 sg. | ti | t | tis | tori | tor | toris | |
| 1 du. | vē | ven | vēs | dori | doran | doris | |
| 2 du. | tē | tan | tēs | vari | varat | varis | |
| 3 du. | tē | tan | tēs | vari | varat | varis | |
| 1 pl. | mē | men | mēs | mori | moron | moris | |
| 2 pl. | te | ten | tes | dari | darat | daris | |
| 3 pl. | nti | er | ntis | ntori | ntorat | ntoris | |
| Imper. | 1 sg. | lu | - | maru | - | ||
| 2 sg. | e | rut | |||||
| 3 sg. | u | toru | |||||
| 1 du. | ūn | dūr | |||||
| 2 du. | ton | run | |||||
| 3 du. | ton | run | |||||
| 1 pl. | mu | moru | |||||
| 2 pl. | tū | rū | |||||
| 3 pl. | andu | ntū | |||||
| Impersonal forms | |||||||
| Gerund | present active | uantsi | |||||
| past active | vese | ||||||
| Participle | present active | man | |||||
| past active verbal | nt- | ||||||
| past active adjectival | mantsi | ||||||
| past passive | it/id | ||||||
| Infinitive | active | ā/ī | |||||
| mediopassive | hī | ||||||
| passive | rī | ||||||
| Supine | uan | ||||||
| Nominalised verb | atar/shar | ||||||
Testing area 2
| Conjugation of X (English) - active | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Personal forms | ||||||||||
| 1 sg | 2 sg | 3 sg | 1 du | 2 du | 3 du | 1 pl | 2 pl | 3 pl | ||
| Indicative | Present | mi/a | si | ti | vē | tē | tē | mē | te | nti |
| Preterite | an | s | t | ven | tan | tan | men | ten | er | |
| Future | mis/as | sis | tis | vēs | tēs | tēs | mēs | tes | ntis | |
| Present perf. | use the present tense of harkā/esī followed by the verbal participle | |||||||||
| Pluperfect | use the preterite tense of harkā/esī followed by the verbal participle | |||||||||
| Conditional | Present | use the particle mān followed by the verb in the indicative present | ||||||||
| Preterite | use the particle mān followed by the verb in the indicative preterite | |||||||||
| Reputative | Present | use the particle kān followed by the verb in the indicative present | ||||||||
| Preterite | use the particle kān followed by the verb in the indicative preterite | |||||||||
| Optative | use the particle mēn followed by the verb in the 1st or 3rd person indicative present | |||||||||
| Imperative | lu | di/e | tu/u | ūn | ton | ton | mu | tū | ndu | |
| Impersonal forms | ||||||||||
| masc sg | fem sg | neut sg | masc sg | fem sg | neut sg | masc sg | fem sg | neut sg | ||
| Participle | Verbal | nti | ntā | ntei | ntoi | ntēi | ntai | |||
| Present | man | mani | manā | manei | manoi | manei | manēi | manai | ||
| Past | mansti | manstā | mantsei | mantsoi | mantsei | mantsēi | mantsai | |||
| Gerund | Present | uantsi | ||||||||
| Past | uese | |||||||||
| Supine | uan | |||||||||
| Verbal noun | atar | |||||||||
Testing area 3
| Conjugation of X (English) - mediopassive | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Personal forms | ||||||||||
| 1 sg | 2 sg | 3 sg | 1 du | 2 du | 3 du | 1 pl | 2 pl | 3 pl | ||
| Indicative | Present | hari | hati | tari | vastah | vatē | vatē | mastah | dahū | ntar |
| Preterite | han | hat | tat | vedah | vetat | vetat | metah | dahūt | ntat | |
| Future | haris | hatis | taris | vastas | vatēs | vatēs | mastas | dahūs | ntars | |
| Present perf. | use the present tense of esī followed by the verbal participle | |||||||||
| Pluperfect | use the preterite tense of esī followed by the verbal participle | |||||||||
| Conditional | Present | use the particle mān followed by the verb in the indicative present | ||||||||
| Preterite | use the particle mān followed by the verb in the indicative preterite | |||||||||
| Reputative | Present | use the particle kān followed by the verb in the indicative present | ||||||||
| Preterite | use the particle kān followed by the verb in the indicative preterite | |||||||||
| Optative | use the particle mēn followed by the verb in the 1st or 3rd person indicative present | |||||||||
| Imperative | haru | hut | taru | dūn | tun | tun | madu | dū | ntu | |
| Impersonal forms | ||||||||||
| masc sg | fem sg | neut sg | masc sg | fem sg | neut sg | masc sg | fem sg | neut sg | ||
| Participle | Verbal | hanti | hantā | hantei | hantoi | hantēi | hantai | |||
| Present | hman | hmani | hmanā | hmanei | hmanoi | hmanei | hmanēi | mhanai | ||
| Past | it/id | ti/di | tā/dā | tei/dei | toi/doi | tei/dei | tēi/dēi | tai/dai | ||
| Gerund | Present | huantsi | ||||||||
| Past | huese | |||||||||
| Supine | huan | |||||||||
| Verbal noun | shar | |||||||||
Testing area 4
| Conjugation of X (English) - passive | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Personal forms | ||||||||||
| 1 sg | 2 sg | 3 sg | 1 du | 2 du | 3 du | 1 pl | 2 pl | 3 pl | ||
| Indicative | Present | mari | sari | tori | dori | vari | vari | mori | dari | ntori |
| Preterite | mar | sar | tor | doron | varat | varat | moron | darat | ntorat | |
| Future | maris | saris | toris | doris | varis | varis | moris | daris | ntoris | |
| Present perf. | use the present tense of esī followed by the verbal participle | |||||||||
| Pluperfect | use the preterite tense of esī followed by the verbal -participle | |||||||||
| Conditional | Present | use the particle mān followed by the verb in the indicative present | ||||||||
| Preterite | use the particle mān followed by the verb in the indicative preterite | |||||||||
| Reputative | Present | use the particle kān followed by the verb in the indicative present | ||||||||
| Preterite | use the particle kān followed by the verb in the indicative preterite | |||||||||
| Optative | use the particle mēn followed by the verb in the 1st or 3rd person indicative present | |||||||||
| Imperative | maru | rut | toru | dūr | run | run | moru | rū | ntū | |
| Impersonal forms | ||||||||||
| masc sg | fem sg | neut sg | masc sg | fem sg | neut sg | masc sg | fem sg | neut sg | ||
| Participle | Verbal | ranti | rantā | rantei | rantoi | rantēi | rantai | |||
| Past | it/id | ti/di | tā/dā | tei/dei | toi/doi | tei/dei | tēi/dēi | tai/dai | ||
| Gerund | Present | ruantsi | ||||||||
| Past | ruese | |||||||||
| Supine | ruan | |||||||||
| Verbal noun | shar | |||||||||
Testing area 5
| Conjugation of lāgā - active | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Personal forms | ||||||||||
| 1 sg | 2 sg | 3 sg | 1 du | 2 du | 3 du | 1 pl | 2 pl | 3 pl | ||
| Indicative | Present | lāga | lāgesi | lāgeti | lāgavē | lāgetē | lāgetē | lāgamē | lāgete | lāganti |
| Preterite | lāgan | lāges | lāget | lāgaven | lāgetan | lāgetan | lāgamen | lāgeten | lāger | |
| Future | lāgas | lāgesis | lāgetis | lāgavēs | lāgetēs | lāgetēs | lāgamēs | lāgetes | lāgantis | |
| Pres. perf. | use the present tense of harkā followed by the verbal participle | |||||||||
| Pluperfect | use the preterite tense of harkā followed by the verbal participle | |||||||||
| Conditional | Present | use the particle mān followed by the verb in the indicative present | ||||||||
| Preterite | use the particle mān followed by the verb in the indicative preterite | |||||||||
| Reputative | Present | use the particle kān followed by the verb in the indicative present | ||||||||
| Preterite | use the particle kān followed by the verb in the indicative preterite | |||||||||
| Optative | use the particle mēn followed by the verb in the 1st or 3rd person indicative present | |||||||||
| Imperative | lāgalu | lāge | lāgu | lāgūn | lāgeton | lāgeton | lāgamu | lāgetū | lāgandu | |
| Impersonal forms | ||||||||||
| masc sg | fem sg | neut sg | masc sg | fem sg | neut sg | masc sg | fem sg | neut sg | ||
| Participle | Verbal | lāganti | lāgantā | lāgantei | lāgantoi | lāgantēi | lāgantai | |||
| Present | lāgman | lāgmani | lāgmanā | lāgmanei | lāgmanoi | lāgmanei | lāgmanēi | lāgmanai | ||
| Past | lāgmantsi | lāgmantsā | lāgmantsei | lāgmantsoi | lāgmantsei | lāgmantsēi | lāgmantsai | |||
| Gerund | Present | lāguantsi | ||||||||
| Past | lāguese | |||||||||
| Infinitive | lāgā | |||||||||
| Supine | lāguan | |||||||||
| Verbal noun | lāgatar | |||||||||
| Conjugation of lāgahī - mediopassive | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Personal forms | ||||||||||
| 1 sg | 2 sg | 3 sg | 1 du | 2 du | 3 du | 1 pl | 2 pl | 3 pl | ||
| Indicative | Present | lāgahari | lāgehati | lāgetari | lāgavastah | lāgevatē | lāgevatē | lāgamastah | lāgedahū | lāgantar |
| Preterite | lāgahan | lāgehat | lāgetat | lāgavedah | lāgevetat | lāgevetat | lāgametah | lāgedahūt | lāgantat | |
| Future | lāgaharis | lāgehatis | lāgetaris | lāgavastas | lāgevatēs | lāgevatēs | lāgamastas | lāgedahūs | lāgantars | |
| Pres. perf. | use the present tense of esī followed by the verbal participle | |||||||||
| Pluperfect | use the preterite tense of esī followed by the verbal participle | |||||||||
| Conditional | Present | use the particle mān followed by the verb in the indicative present | ||||||||
| Preterite | use the particle mān followed by the verb in the indicative preterite | |||||||||
| Reputative | Present | use the particle kān followed by the verb in the indicative present | ||||||||
| Preterite | use the particle kān followed by the verb in the indicative preterite | |||||||||
| Optative | use the particle mēn followed by the verb in the 1st or 3rd person indicative present | |||||||||
| Imperative | lāgaharu | lāgehut | lāgetaru | lāgadūn | lāgetun | lāgetun | lāgamadu | lāgedū | lāgantu | |
| Impersonal forms | ||||||||||
| masc sg | fem sg | neut sg | masc sg | fem sg | neut sg | masc sg | fem sg | neut sg | ||
| Participle | Verbal | lāgahanti | lāgahantā | lāgahantei | lāgahantoi | lāgahantēi | lāgahantai | |||
| Present | lāgahman | lāgahmani | lāgahmanā | lāgahmanei | lāgahmanoi | lāgahmanei | lāgahmanēi | lāgahmanai | ||
| Past | lāgid | lāgdi | lāgdā | lāgdei | lāgdoi | lāgdei | lāgdēi | lāgdai | ||
| Gerund | Present | lāgahuantsi | ||||||||
| Past | lāgahuese | |||||||||
| Infinitive | lāgahī | |||||||||
| Supine | lāgahuan | |||||||||
| Verbal noun | lāgashar | |||||||||
| Conjugation of lāgarī - passive | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Personal forms | ||||||||||
| 1 sg | 2 sg | 3 sg | 1 du | 2 du | 3 du | 1 pl | 2 pl | 3 pl | ||
| Indicative | Present | lāgamari | lāgesari | lāgetori | lāgadori | lāgevari | lāgevari | lāgamori | lāgedari | lāgantori |
| Preterite | lāgamar | lāgesar | lāgetor | lāgadoron | lāgevarat | lāgevarat | lāgamoron | lāgedarat | lāgantorat | |
| Future | lāgamaris | lāgesaris | lāgetoris | lāgadoris | lāgevaris | lāgevaris | lāgamoris | lāgedaris | lāgantoris | |
| Pres. perf. | use the present tense of esī followed by the verbal participle | |||||||||
| Pluperfect | use the preterite tense of esī followed by the verbal participle | |||||||||
| Conditional | Present | use the particle mān followed by the verb in the indicative present | ||||||||
| Preterite | use the particle mān followed by the verb in the indicative preterite | |||||||||
| Reputative | Present | use the particle kān followed by the verb in the indicative present | ||||||||
| Preterite | use the particle kān followed by the verb in the indicative preterite | |||||||||
| Optative | use the particle mēn followed by the verb in the 1st or 3rd person indicative present | |||||||||
| Imperative | lāgamaru | lāgerut | lāgetoru | lāgadūr | lāgerun | lāgerun | lāgamoru | lāgerū | lāgantū | |
| Impersonal forms | ||||||||||
| masc sg | fem sg | neut sg | masc sg | fem sg | neut sg | masc sg | fem sg | neut sg | ||
| Participle | Verbal | lāgaranti | lāgarantā | lāgarantei | lāgarantoi | lāgarantēi | lāgarantai | |||
| Past | lāgid | lāgdi | lāgdā | lāgdei | lāgdoi | lāgdei | lāgdēi | lāgdai | ||
| Gerund | Present | lāgaruantsi | ||||||||
| Past | lāgaruese | |||||||||
| Infinitive | lāgarī | |||||||||
| Supine | lāgaruan | |||||||||
| Verbal noun | lāgashar | |||||||||