Jokelang 2
| Jokelang 2 | |
|---|---|
| English | |
| Pronunciation | [ˈʔɛŋgɫɪʃ] |
| Created by | Dillon Hartwig |
| Date | 2023 |
Jokelang 2 (Jokelang 2: English [ˈʔɛŋgɫɪʃ]) is my first and only serious joke language.
Orthography and phonology
Jokelang 2 orthography and phonology are identical to modern General American and Received Pronunciation English, except the General American accent retains /ʍ/ and the Received Pronunciation accent has intrusive R, and a small number of nouns have non-English pronunciations.
See also Accent agreement.
Morphology
Alignment
Jokelang 2 has nominative-accusative morphosyntactic alignment.
Accent agreement
In agreement with their head noun's gender (except see Verbs), all verbs, adjectives, numerals, and measurement units are pronounced with either a General American (for American nouns) or Received Pronunciation (for British nouns) accent.
Nouns
Nouns are gendered American or British. Plural nouns are marked with a preceding particle: a for American nouns and an for British nouns.
Pronouns
Pronouns mark number, gender, and many other categories. Informal plural pronouns in formal are instead singular.
Demonstratives
Nouns and pronouns can be reduplicated with the opposite accent to act as preceding demonstratives.
Verbs
Verbs agree with their subject's accent unless the verb's object is British, in which case the verbs agrees with its object.
Questions
Jokelang 2 has no overt question marking. Questions are asked by stating an affirmative sentence and demanding that the listener answers, usually with "Spillet capiche," "Answer (threatening imperative)."
Negation
Circumpositions
Jokelang 2 has no prepositions or postpositions, only circumpositions.
Numerals
Numerals agree in gender with their noun.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| British | cocky | lua | five | ha | |
| American | beer | ick | ooch | dirt | |
| 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | |
| British | oh no | hick | wall | ewe | oomie |
| American | alty | yeti | seckies | dokas | on |
| 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | |
| British | cockimie | lumie | coalmie | hamie | |
| American | beer-on | ick-on | ooch-on | dirt-on | |
| 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | |
| British | oh nomie | hickmie | wallmie | ewemie | ukalue |
| American | alty-on | yeti-on | seckies-on | dokas-on | yermie |
| 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | |
| British | canoke | cow | lime | on-alty | on-yeti |
| American | oats | kirk | elly | ||
| 80 | 90 | 100 | 1,000 | 1,000,000 | |
| British | on-seckies | on-dokas | hanele | kaukany | big |
| American | use | bin | |||
Units of measurement
All unit words have paired imperial and metric meanings based on the noun they modify, imperial for American nouns and metric for British nouns. These pairs are not always near-equivalent.
Classifiers
Classifiers are optional in informal speech, but in formal speech must precede nouns when modified by no or a numeral. Classifiers can also be applied to unmodified nouns as honorifics.
Derivational morphology
Part-of-speech modifiers
Syntax
Constituent order
Word order is strictly SVO.
Noun and verb phrases
Possessors, adjectives, and adverbs follow their head. Numerals and demonstratives precede their head.
Dependent clauses
Dependent clauses follow their head.
Example texts
Universal Declaration of Human Rights Article 1
A murican whizz paw freedombuh ah reddingbuh foo digity bar ah foo diggity bar. Yodel shoob why ah whoe ah forwhittling ation again undlebuh again jon.
A
PL.US
murican
person
whizz
all known and unknown
paw
bear.PASS.US
freedom-buh
free.US-ESS
ah
and
redding-buh
equal.US-ESS
foo
in
digity
dignity
bar
in
ah
and
foo
in
diggity
rights
bar.
in
Yodel
3PL.US
shoob
give.PASS.UK
why
reason
ah
and
whoe
conscience
ah
and
forwhittling
do.US
ation
should.US
again
RECP
undle-buh
brother-ESS
again
RECP
jon.
as if.US