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===Particles=== | ===Particles=== | ||
====Focus particles==== | ====Focus particles==== | ||
*'''ni-''': | *'''''ni-''''': | ||
**(with nominals): places focus on the nominal - e.g. ኒሚ አኜዴ ''<b>nimí</b> anyédde.'' "<b>It is I</b> who walked." vs ሚኒ ኜዴ ''míni nyédde.'' "I walked." | **(with nominals): places focus on the nominal - e.g. ኒሚ አኜዴ ''<b>nimí</b> anyédde.'' "<b>It is I</b> who walked." vs ሚኒ ኜዴ ''míni nyédde.'' "I walked." | ||
**(with verbs in the indicative): places focus on the verb - e.g. ኒኜዴ ''ninyedde'' "I did walk" (i.e. "(it is true) that I walked") | **(with verbs in the indicative): places focus on the verb - e.g. ኒኜዴ ''ninyedde'' "I did walk" (i.e. "(it is true) that I walked") | ||
**(with verbs in the subjunctive): "that" - e.g. ኒኜዴ ''ninyeddé'' "that I walk". Can be used for necessative (must, should), often in combination with the applicative - e.g. ኒኜዴ (ዪኝዋለ) ''ninyeddé (yinywálä)'' "I must walk" (literally: "(there is on me) that I walk") | **(with verbs in the subjunctive): "that" - e.g. ኒኜዴ ''ninyeddé'' "that I walk". Can be used for necessative (must, should), often in combination with the applicative - e.g. ኒኜዴ (ዪኝዋለ) ''ninyeddé (yinywálä)'' "I must walk" (literally: "(there is on me) that I walk") | ||
*'''''si-'''''፡ negative counterpart of ''ni'' | |||
**(with nominals): negates and places focus on the nominal - e.g. ሲሚ አኜዴ ''<b>simí</b> anyédde.'' "<b>It is not I</b> who walked." vs ሚኒ ከኜዴም ''míni känyéddem.'' "I did not walk." | |||
**(with verbs in the indicative): negates and places focus on the verb - e.g. ሲኜዴ ''sinyedde'' "I did not walk" (i.e. "(it is true) that I did not walk") | |||
**(with verbs in the subjunctive): "that not" - e.g. ሲኜዴ ''sinyeddé'' "that I not walk". Can be used for negative necessative (must not, should not), often in combination with the applicative - e.g. ሲኜዴ (ዪኝዋለ) ''sinyeddé (yinywálä)'' "I must not walk" (literally: "(there is on me) that I do not walk") | |||
==Syntax== | ==Syntax== |
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