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Iliaqu: Difference between revisions
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The plural forms of all pronominals are exclusive of other grammatical persons except for the first person plural forms '''inu''' and '''ina''', which can include third person referents as well, especially when expressing closeness. | The plural forms of all pronominals are exclusive of other grammatical persons except for the first person plural forms '''inu''' and '''ina''', which can include third person referents as well, especially when expressing closeness. | ||
In order to group referents from more than one grammatical person together, the required pronominals are juxtaposed. For example, '''inu''' (gloss: NOM.1s.ICS) is the exclusive 'we'. The inclusive 'we' may take a form such as '''vu nu''' (gloss: NOM.2s.ICS NOM.1s.ICS) or '''nu ivu''' (gloss: NOM.1s.ICS NOM.2p.ICS), more or less equivalent to 'you and I'. Even addressing people in the second person, should the group include third persons, these are made note of separately, for example '''ju vu''' (gloss: NOM.3s.ICS.DEF NOM.2s.ICS). The nominal '''ivu''' (gloss: NOM.2p.ICS), for example, is only used to address two more people when all are present. | In order to group referents from more than one grammatical person together, the required pronominals are juxtaposed. For example, '''inu''' (gloss: NOM.1s.ICS) is the exclusive 'we'. The inclusive 'we' may take a form such as '''vu nu''' (gloss: NOM.2s.ICS NOM.1s.ICS) or '''nu ivu''' (gloss: NOM.1s.ICS NOM.2p.ICS), more or less equivalent to 'you and I'. Even addressing people in the second person, should the group include third persons, these are made note of separately, for example '''ju vu''' (gloss: NOM.3s.ICS.DEF NOM.2s.ICS). The nominal '''ivu''' (gloss: NOM.2p.ICS), for example, is only used to address two or more people when all are present. | ||
The order of the elements in these juxtapositions depends first on [[Ngolu#Social_Stratification_and_Language_Use|rank]], with pronominals referring to higher ranking referents appearing before those of lower ranking referents. When the referents are equally ranked, 2nd person precedes third person, which, in turn, preceds first person. | The order of the elements in these juxtapositions depends first on [[Ngolu#Social_Stratification_and_Language_Use|rank]], with pronominals referring to higher ranking referents appearing before those of lower ranking referents. When the referents are equally ranked, 2nd person precedes third person, which, in turn, preceds first person. | ||