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Anbirese/Syntax: Difference between revisions
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The overall syntax of | The overall syntax of Anbirese resembles that of [[w:Irish|Irish]] or [[w:Biblical Hebrew|Biblical Hebrew]]. | ||
==Constituent order== | ==Constituent order== | ||
Anbirese is almost completely head-initial, except for compound words which are head-final. The constituent order is VSO. Background information (usually in the order {{sc|time-manner-place}}) and question words may be placed before the verb (unlike in Irish), after the subject, or after the direct object. However, no constituent may come between the verb and the subject. | |||
{{gloss | {{gloss | ||
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==Sentence phrase== | ==Sentence phrase== | ||
===Predicate adjectives=== | ===Predicate adjectives=== | ||
Anbirese is zero-copula, like Hebrew. A predicate adjective is placed before the subject, and the copula pronoun is used. | |||
When the subject is a definite noun, the pronoun is not mandatory with predicative adjectives: | When the subject is a definite noun, the pronoun is not mandatory with predicative adjectives: | ||
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==Dependent clauses== | ==Dependent clauses== | ||
===Relative clauses=== | ===Relative clauses=== | ||
Anbirese makes a distinction between restrictive and non-restrictive relative clauses. | |||
The relativizer ''ri<sup>N</sup>'' (negative ''rinne'') is used for restrictive relative clauses. A resumptive pronoun may be used when the head is not the subject of the relative clause, and is mandatory when the head is a prepositional object or a possessor. For clarity, the emphatic clitic ''-na/-ne'' may be added to the resumptive pronoun, especially in formal registers. | The relativizer ''ri<sup>N</sup>'' (negative ''rinne'') is used for restrictive relative clauses. A resumptive pronoun may be used when the head is not the subject of the relative clause, and is mandatory when the head is a prepositional object or a possessor. For clarity, the emphatic clitic ''-na/-ne'' may be added to the resumptive pronoun, especially in formal registers. | ||
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===Infinitive clauses=== | ===Infinitive clauses=== | ||
In Modern | In Modern Anbirese, infinitives or verbal nouns go to the end of the clause for common constructions, like modal constructions (e.g. want, need, must, may). | ||
For emphasizing the object, "want/need/etc. an X to Y", a resumptive pronoun can be used after the verbal noun. (Alternatively the emphatic clitic -nna can be used on X.) | For emphasizing the object, "want/need/etc. an X to Y", a resumptive pronoun can be used after the verbal noun. (Alternatively the emphatic clitic -nna can be used on X.) | ||
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===Syntactic pivots=== | ===Syntactic pivots=== | ||
In normal registers, syntactic pivoting (the practice of omitting a subject entirely in a clause when the previous clause has it as a subject, e.g. ''He will take my gift and go'': in | In normal registers, syntactic pivoting (the practice of omitting a subject entirely in a clause when the previous clause has it as a subject, e.g. ''He will take my gift and go'': in Anbirese this sentence would be translated to ''Tobhta hú mídhadh ná ag tarta hú''.) is disallowed for verbs: a pronoun can be used as a subject in the following clause if the previous clause has its antecedent as its subject. However, it is used for adjectives: "Dark am I yet beautiful" can be translated as ''Mocht ná ach sumhan'' /mɔxt naː ax sʉːn/. | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Anbirese]] | ||