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==Semivowel stems== | ==Regular verbs== | ||
==='' | {| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;" | ||
''''' | |- | ||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;" | !colspan="3" | Subject affixes | ||
|- | |||
!colspan="3" | Present | |||
|- | |||
!| | |||
!style="width: 200px; "|Singular | |||
!style="width: 200px; "|Plural | |||
|- | |||
!|1.ex | |||
|''mólīn, mólī(n)<sup>1</sup>-''<br/>''irḗdain, irēdai(n)<sup>1</sup>-''<br/>''gā́lein, gā́lei(n)<sup>1</sup>-'' | |||
|''mólmaech, mólmaech-''<br/>''irēdámaech, irēdamaech-''<br/>''gā́lémaech, gā́lemaech-'' | |||
|- | |||
!|1.in | |||
|''-'' | |||
|''mólynse, mólynse-''<br/>''irēdánse, irēdanse-''<br/>''gā́lénse, gā́lense-'' | |||
|- | |||
!|2 | |||
|''mólyr, mólyr-''<br/>''irḗdar, irēdar-''<br/>''gā́ler, gā́ler-'' | |||
|''mólylse, mólylse-''<br/>''irēdálse, irēdalse-''<br/>''gā́lélse, gā́lelse-'' | |||
|- | |||
!|3.an | |||
|''mólym, mólm-''<br/>''irḗdam, irēdam-''<br/>''gā́lem, gā́lem-'' | |||
|''mólyri, mólyrie-''<br/>''irēdári, irēdarie-''<br/>''gā́léri, gā́lerie-'' | |||
|- | |||
!|3.other | |||
|''mólis, mólisi-''<br/>''irḗdais, irēdaisi-''<br/>''gā́leis, gā́leisi-'' | |||
|''mólti, móltie-''<br/>''irēdáti, irēdatie-''<br/>''gā́léti, gā́letie-'' | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="3" | Imperfect | |||
|- | |||
|colspan="3"|''Add the ''yn-'' prefix to the present forms.'' | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="3" | Preterite | |||
|- | |||
!| | |||
!style="width: 125px; "|Singular | |||
!style="width: 125px; "|Plural | |||
|- | |||
!|1.ex | |||
|''mólýn, mólýn-''<br/>''irēdán, irēdán-''<br/>''gā́lén, gā́lén-'' | |||
|''mólmor, mólmor-''<br/>''irēdámor, irēdamor-''<br/>''gā́lémor, gā́lemor-'' | |||
|- | |||
!|1.in | |||
|''-'' | |||
|''móltor, móltor-''<br/>''irēdátor, irēdator-''<br/>''gā́létor, gā́letor-'' | |||
|- | |||
!|2 | |||
|''mólýr, mólýr-''<br/>''irēdár, irēdár-''<br/>''gā́lér, gā́lér-'' | |||
|''mólylis, mólylis-''<br/>''irēdális, irēdalis-''<br/>''gā́lélis, gā́lelis-'' | |||
|- | |||
!|3.an | |||
|''móla, mólam-''<br/>''irḗdā, irḗdām-''<br/>''gā́lea, gā́leam-'' | |||
|''mólarí, mólaríe-''<br/>''irēdārí, irēdāríe-''<br/>''gā́learí, gā́learíe-'' | |||
|- | |||
!|3.other | |||
|''mólar, mólar-''<br/>''irḗdār, irḗdār-''<br/>''gā́lear, gā́lear-'' | |||
|''mólatí, mólatíe-''<br/>''irēdātí, irēdātíe-''<br/>''gā́leatí, gā́leatíe-'' | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="3" | Future | |||
|- | |||
!| | |||
!style="width: 125px; "|Singular | |||
!style="width: 125px; "|Plural | |||
|- | |||
!|1.ex | |||
|''mólḗn, mólḗn-''<br/>''irēdā́n, irēdā́n-''<br/>''gā́líen, gā́líen-'' | |||
|''mólḗmaech, mólḗmaech-''<br/>''irēdā́maech, irēdā́maech-''<br/>''gā́líemaech, gā́líemaech-'' | |||
|- | |||
!|1.in | |||
|''-'' | |||
|''mólḗnse, mólḗnse-''<br/>''irēdā́nse, irēdā́nse-''<br/>''gā́líense, gā́líense-'' | |||
|- | |||
!|2 | |||
|''mólḗr, mólḗr-''<br/>''irēdā́r, irēdā́r-''<br/>''gā́líer, gā́líer-'' | |||
|''mólḗlse, mólḗlse-''<br/>''irēdā́lse, irēdā́lse-''<br/>''gā́líelse, gā́líelse-'' | |||
|- | |||
!|3.an | |||
|''mólḗm, mólḗm-''<br/>''irēdā́m, irēdā́m-''<br/>''gā́líem, gā́líem-'' | |||
|''mólḗri, mólḗri-''<br/>''irēdā́ri, irēdā́ri-''<br/>''gā́líeri, gā́líeri-'' | |||
|- | |||
!|3.other | |||
|''mólḗsi, mólḗsi-''<br/>''irēdā́si, irēdā́si-''<br/>''gā́líesi, gā́líesi-'' | |||
|''mólḗti, mólḗti-''<br/>''irēdā́ti, irēdā́ti-''<br/>''gā́líeti, gā́líeti-'' | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="3" | Jussive | |||
|- | |||
!| | |||
!style="width: 125px; "|Singular | |||
!style="width: 125px; "|Plural | |||
|- | |||
!|1.ex | |||
|''mólī́n, mólī́(n)<sup>1</sup>-''<br/>''irēdáin, irēdái(n)<sup>1</sup>-''<br/>''gā́léin, gā́léi(n)<sup>1</sup>-'' | |||
|''mólmáech, mólmáech-''<br/>''irēdamáech, irēdamáech-''<br/>''gā́lemáech, gā́lemáech-'' | |||
|- | |||
!|1.in | |||
|''-'' | |||
|''mólynt, mólynti-''<br/>''irḗdant, irēdanti-''<br/>''gā́lent, gā́lenti-'' | |||
|- | |||
!|2 | |||
|''mólt, mólti-''<br/>''irḗdat, irēdati-''<br/>''gā́let, gā́leti-'' | |||
|''mólylt, mólylti-''<br/>''irḗdalt, irēdalti-''<br/>''gā́lelt, gā́lelti-'' | |||
|- | |||
!|3.an | |||
|''mólmór, mólmór-''<br/>''irēdamór, irēdamór-''<br/>''gā́lemór, gā́lemór-'' | |||
|''mólyrór, mólyrór-''<br/>''irēdarór, irēdarór-''<br/>''gā́lerór, gā́lerór-'' | |||
|- | |||
!|3.other | |||
|''mólisór, mólisór-''<br/>''irēdasór, irēdasór-''<br/>''gā́lesór, gā́lesór-'' | |||
|''móltór, móltór-''<br/>''irēdátór, irēdatór-''<br/>''gā́létór, gā́letór-'' | |||
|- | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="3" | Imperative | |||
|- | |||
!| | |||
!style="width: 125px; "|Singular | |||
!style="width: 125px; "|Plural | |||
|- | |||
!|1.in | |||
|''-'' | |||
|''mólyns, mólyns-''<br/>''irḗdans, irēdans-''<br/>''gā́lens, gā́lens-'' | |||
|- | |||
!|2 | |||
|''mól, mól-''<br/>''irḗda, irḗda-''<br/>''gā́le, gā́le-'' | |||
|''mólyls, mólyls-''<br/>''irḗdals, irēdals-''<br/>''gā́lels, gā́lels-'' | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="3"| Non-finite forms | |||
|- | |||
!Present<br/>participle | |||
|colspan="2"|''mólyryl<sup>F</sup>'', ''mólyrl-''<br/>''irēdáryl<sup>F</sup>'', ''irēdárl-''<br/>''gā́léryl<sup>F</sup>'', ''gā́lérl-'' | |||
|- | |||
!Imperfect<br/>participle | |||
|colspan="3"|''Prefix ''yn-'' to the present participle.'' | |||
|- | |||
!Preterite<br/>participle | |||
|colspan="2"|''mólnáryl<sup>F</sup>'', ''mólnárl-''<br/>''irēdanáryl<sup>F</sup>'', ''irēdanárl-''<br/>''gā́lenáryl<sup>F</sup>'', ''gā́lenárl-'' | |||
|- | |||
!Future<br/>participle | |||
|colspan="2"|''mólḗryl<sup>F</sup>'', ''mólḗrl-''<br/>''irēdā́ryl<sup>F</sup>'', ''irēdā́rl-''<br/>''gā́líeryl<sup>F</sup>'', ''gā́líerl-'' | |||
|- | |||
!Infinitive | |||
|colspan="2"|''móls<sup>M</sup>''<br/>''irēdás<sup>M</sup>''<br/>''gā́lés<sup>M</sup>'' | |||
|- | |||
!Supine | |||
|colspan="2"|''mólḗð<sup>M</sup>''<br/>''irēdā́ð<sup>M</sup>''<br/>''térieð<sup>M</sup>'' | |||
|} | |||
==Semivowel stems== | |||
===''*j''-stems=== | |||
'''''áubiī́''' - attack, strike'' | |||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;" | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="4" | '''Imperative''' | |||
|- | |||
!style="width: 50px; "| | |||
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular | |||
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual | |||
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural | |||
|- | |||
!|1.in | |||
|''-'' | |||
|''áub'''ivs''''' | |||
|''áub'''ins''''' | |||
|- | |||
!|2 | |||
|''áub'''i''''' | |||
|''áub'''irs''''' | |||
|''áub'''ils''''' | |||
|} | |||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;" | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="4" | '''Present''' | |||
|- | |||
!style="width: 50px; "| | |||
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular | |||
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual | |||
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural | |||
|- | |||
!|1.ex | |||
|''áub'''iī''''' | |||
|''áub'''idir''''' | |||
|''áub'''ima''''' | |||
|- | |||
!|1.in | |||
|''-'' | |||
|''áub'''ivse''''' | |||
|''áub'''inse''''' | |||
|- | |||
!|2 | |||
|''áub'''ir''''' | |||
|''áub'''irse''''' | |||
|''áub'''ilse''''' | |||
|- | |||
!|3/4.m | |||
|''áub'''i''''' | |||
|rowspan="2"|''áub'''īr''''' | |||
|''áub'''ivi''''' | |||
|- | |- | ||
! | !|3/4.f | ||
|''áub'''īs''''' | |||
|''áub'''iti''''' | |||
|''áub''' | |||
|''áub''' | |||
|} | |} | ||
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{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;" | {| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;" | ||
|- | |- | ||
!colspan="4" | ''' | !colspan="4" | '''Past perfective''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!style="width: 50px; "| | !style="width: 50px; "| | ||
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|- | |- | ||
!|1.ex | !|1.ex | ||
|''áub''' | |''áub'''ín''''' | ||
|''áub''' | |''áub'''isid''''' | ||
|''áub''' | |''áub'''imi''''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|1.in | !|1.in | ||
|''-'' | |''-'' | ||
|''áub''' | |''áub'''itar''''' | ||
|''áub''' | |''áub'''itā''''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|2 | !|2 | ||
|''áub''' | |''áub'''ír''''' | ||
|''áub''' | |''áub'''irith''''' | ||
|''áub''' | |''áub'''ilith''''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|3/4.m | !|3/4.m | ||
|''áub''' | |''áub'''isa''''' | ||
|rowspan="2"|''áub''' | |rowspan="2"|''áub'''isrí''''' | ||
|''áub''' | |''áub'''isví''''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|3/4.f | !|3/4.f | ||
|''áub''' | |''áub'''isar''''' | ||
|''áub''' | |''áub'''istí''''' | ||
|} | |} | ||
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{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;" | {| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;" | ||
|- | |- | ||
!colspan="4" | ''' | !colspan="4" | '''Future''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!style="width: 50px; "| | !style="width: 50px; "| | ||
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|- | |- | ||
!|1.ex | !|1.ex | ||
|''áub''' | |''áub'''ī́n''''' | ||
|''áub''' | |''áub'''ī́dir''''' | ||
|''áub''' | |''áub'''ī́ma''''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|1.in | !|1.in | ||
|''-'' | |''-'' | ||
|''áub''' | |''áub'''ī́vse''''' | ||
|''áub''' | |''áub'''ī́nse''''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|2 | !|2 | ||
|''áub''' | |''áub'''ī́r''''' | ||
|''áub''' | |''áub'''ī́rse''''' | ||
|''áub''' | |''áub'''ī́lse''''' | ||
|- | |||
|- | |- | ||
!|3/4.m | !|3/4.m | ||
|''áub''' | |''áub'''ī́''''' | ||
|rowspan="2"|''áub''' | |rowspan="2"|''áub'''ī́ri''''' | ||
|'' | |''áubi'''ī́vi''''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|3/4.f | !|3/4.f | ||
|''áub''' | |''áub'''ī́s''''' | ||
|''áub''' | |''áub'''ī́ti''''' | ||
|} | |} | ||
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{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;" | {| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;" | ||
|- | |- | ||
!colspan="4" | ''' | !colspan="4" | '''Jussive''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!style="width: 50px; "| | !style="width: 50px; "| | ||
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|- | |- | ||
!|1.ex | !|1.ex | ||
|''áub''' | |''áub'''iī́''''' | ||
|''áub''' | |''áub'''irdá''''' | ||
|''áub''' | |''áub'''imir''''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|1.in | !|1.in | ||
|''-'' | |''-'' | ||
|''áub''' | |''áub'''ivt''''' | ||
|''áub''' | |''áub'''int''''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|2 | !|2 | ||
|''áub''' | |''áub'''it''''' | ||
|''áub''' | |''áub'''irt''''' | ||
|''áub''' | |''áub'''ilt''''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|3/4.m | !|3/4.m | ||
|''áub''' | |''áub'''imá''''' | ||
|rowspan="2"|''áub''' | |rowspan="2"|''áub'''īrá''''' | ||
|'' | |''áub'''iħá''''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|3/4.f | !|3/4.f | ||
|''áub''' | |''áub'''īsá''''' | ||
|''áub''' | |''áub'''itá''''' | ||
|} | |} | ||
===*w-stems=== | |||
'''''qervī́''' - pack, condense'' | |||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;" | {| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;" | ||
|- | |- | ||
!colspan="4" | ''' | !colspan="4" | '''Imperative''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!style="width: 50px; "| | !style="width: 50px; "| | ||
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!style="width: 100px; "|Dual | !style="width: 100px; "|Dual | ||
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural | !style="width: 100px; "|Plural | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|1.in | !|1.in | ||
|''-'' | |''-'' | ||
|'' | |''qér'''uvs''''' | ||
|'' | |''qér'''uns''''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|2 | !|2 | ||
|'' | |''qér'''y''''' | ||
|'' | |''qér'''urs''''' | ||
|'' | |''qér'''uls''''' | ||
|} | |} | ||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;" | {| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;" | ||
|- | |- | ||
!colspan="4" | ''' | !colspan="4" | '''Present''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!style="width: 50px; "| | !style="width: 50px; "| | ||
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!style="width: 100px; "|Plural | !style="width: 100px; "|Plural | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|1.ex | |||
|''qér'''vī''''' | |||
|''qér'''udir''''' | |||
|''qér'''uma''''' | |||
|- | |||
!|1.ex | |||
|''qér'''vī''''' | |||
|''qér'''udir''''' | |||
|''qér'''uma''''' | |||
|- | |||
!|1.in | !|1.in | ||
|''-'' | |''-'' | ||
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|- | |- | ||
!|3/4.m | !|3/4.m | ||
|'' | |''qér'''usa''''' | ||
|rowspan="2"|''qer'''usrí''''' | |rowspan="2"|''qer'''usrí''''' | ||
|''qer'''usví''''' | |''qer'''usví''''' | ||
Line 312: | Line 462: | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|2 | !|2 | ||
|'' | |''qér'''ut''''' | ||
|''qér'''urt''''' | |''qér'''urt''''' | ||
|''qér'''ult''''' | |''qér'''ult''''' | ||
Line 419: | Line 569: | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|3/4.m | !|3/4.m | ||
|''qvó''' | |''qvó'''ssa''''' | ||
|rowspan="2"|''qvo'''srí''''' | |rowspan="2"|''qvo'''srí''''' | ||
|''qvo'''sví''''' | |''qvo'''sví''''' | ||
Line 449: | Line 599: | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|2 | !|2 | ||
|'' | |''qvóth'''yt''''' | ||
|''qvóth'''yrt''''' | |''qvóth'''yrt''''' | ||
|''qvóth'''ylt''''' | |''qvóth'''ylt''''' | ||
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|- | |- | ||
!|3/4.m | !|3/4.m | ||
|'' | |''fáé'''ssa''''' | ||
|rowspan="2"|''fáe'''srí''''' | |rowspan="2"|''fáe'''srí''''' | ||
|''fáe'''sví''''' | |''fáe'''sví''''' | ||
Line 577: | Line 727: | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|2 | !|2 | ||
|''fáer''' | |''fáer'''yt''''' | ||
|''fáér'''yrt''''' | |''fáér'''yrt''''' | ||
|''fáér'''ylt''''' | |''fáér'''ylt''''' | ||
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|- | |- | ||
!|3/4.m | !|3/4.m | ||
|''néu''' | |''néu'''ssa''''' | ||
|rowspan="2"|''néu'''srí''''' | |rowspan="2"|''néu'''srí''''' | ||
|''néu'''sví''''' | |''néu'''sví''''' | ||
Line 705: | Line 855: | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|2 | !|2 | ||
|''néuz''' | |''néuz'''yt''' | ||
|''néuz'''yrt''''' | |''néuz'''yrt''''' | ||
|''néuz'''ylt''''' | |''néuz'''ylt''''' | ||
Line 809: | Line 959: | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|3/4.m | !|3/4.m | ||
|''rȳ̌''' | |''rȳ̌'''ssa''''' | ||
|rowspan="2"|''rȳ'''srí''''' | |rowspan="2"|''rȳ'''srí''''' | ||
|''rȳ'''sví''''' | |''rȳ'''sví''''' | ||
Line 839: | Line 989: | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|2 | !|2 | ||
|'' | |''rȳ̌th'''yt''''' | ||
|''rȳ̌th'''yrt''''' | |''rȳ̌th'''yrt''''' | ||
|''rȳ̌th'''ylt''''' | |''rȳ̌th'''ylt''''' | ||
Line 940: | Line 1,090: | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|3/4.m | !|3/4.m | ||
|''ǔoc''' | |''ǔoc'''sa''''' | ||
|rowspan="2"|''uoc'''srí''''' | |rowspan="2"|''uoc'''srí''''' | ||
|''uoc'''sví''''' | |''uoc'''sví''''' | ||
Line 971: | Line 1,121: | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|2 | !|2 | ||
|'' | |''ǔog'''yt''''' | ||
|'' | |''ǔog'''yrt''''' | ||
|''ǔog'''ylt''''' | |''ǔog'''ylt''''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
Line 1,078: | Line 1,228: | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|3/4.m | !|3/4.m | ||
|''hēsé''' | |''hēsé'''ssa''''' | ||
|rowspan="2"|''hēsē'''srí''''' | |rowspan="2"|''hēsē'''srí''''' | ||
|''hēsē'''sví''''' | |''hēsē'''sví''''' | ||
Line 1,144: | Line 1,294: | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|2 | !|2 | ||
|'' | |''hēsḗ'''t''''' | ||
|''hēsḗ'''rt''''' | |''hēsḗ'''rt''''' | ||
|''hēsḗ'''lt''''' | |''hēsḗ'''lt''''' | ||
Line 1,245: | Line 1,395: | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|3/4.m | !|3/4.m | ||
|''híl''' | |''híl'''sa''''' | ||
|rowspan="2"|''híl'''srí''''' | |rowspan="2"|''híl'''srí''''' | ||
|''híl'''sví''''' | |''híl'''sví''''' | ||
Line 1,275: | Line 1,425: | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|2 | !|2 | ||
|''hílt''' | |''hílt'''yt''''' | ||
|''hílty'''rt''''' | |''hílty'''rt''''' | ||
|''hílty'''lt''''' | |''hílty'''lt''''' | ||
Line 1,377: | Line 1,527: | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|3/4.m | !|3/4.m | ||
|''bó''' | |''bó'''ssa''''' | ||
|rowspan="2"|''bō'''srí''''' | |rowspan="2"|''bō'''srí''''' | ||
|''bō'''sví''''' | |''bō'''sví''''' | ||
Line 1,407: | Line 1,557: | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|2 | !|2 | ||
|'' | |''bō̌'''t''''' | ||
|''bō̌'''rt''''' | |''bō̌'''rt''''' | ||
|''bō̌'''lt''''' | |''bō̌'''lt''''' | ||
Line 1,502: | Line 1,652: | ||
|''ín'''tar''''' | |''ín'''tar''''' | ||
|''ín'''tā''''' | |''ín'''tā''''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|2 | !|2 | ||
|''inth'''ýr''''' | |''inth'''ýr''''' | ||
|''ínth'''rith''''' | |''ínth'''rith''''' | ||
|''ínth'''lith''''' | |''ínth'''lith''''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|3/4.m | !|3/4.m | ||
|''ín''' | |''ín'''sa''''' | ||
|rowspan="2"|''in'''srí''''' | |rowspan="2"|''in'''srí''''' | ||
|''in'''sví''''' | |''in'''sví''''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|3/4.f | !|3/4.f | ||
|''ín'''sar''''' | |''ín'''sar''''' | ||
|''in'''stí''''' | |''in'''stí''''' | ||
|} | |||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;" | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="4" | '''Jussive''' | |||
|- | |||
!style="width: 50px; "| | |||
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular | |||
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual | |||
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural | |||
|- | |||
!|1.ex | |||
|''inth'''ī́''''' | |||
|''inthy'''rdá''''' | |||
|''ínth'''mir''''' | |||
|- | |||
!|1.in | |||
|''-'' | |||
|''ínthy'''vt''''' | |||
|''ínthy'''nt''''' | |||
|- | |||
!|2 | |||
|''ínth'''yt''''' | |||
|''ínthy'''rt''''' | |||
|''ínthy'''lt''''' | |||
|- | |||
!|3/4.m | |||
|''inth'''má''''' | |||
|rowspan="2"|''inth'''irá''''' | |||
|''inth'''ħá''''' | |||
|- | |||
!|3/4.f | |||
|''inth'''isá''''' | |||
|''in'''tá''''' | |||
|} | |||
==Irregular verbs== | |||
===Suppletive verbs=== | |||
Suppletive verbs have many monosyllabic forms; in order to compensate for the lack of tonal information other roots were grafted into their paradigms. | |||
====''vā́cī́n'' - copula==== | |||
The copula is highly suppletive. The present, future, jussive and the infinitives share the stem ''vā́c-'', while the imperfect has the stem ''ynt-'' (< ''*ʔṇʔ-''). (There is no preterite.) Note also the preterite endings in the imperfect tense. | |||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;" | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="4" | '''Imperative''' | |||
|- | |||
!style="width: 50px; "| | |||
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular | |||
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual | |||
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural | |||
|- | |||
!|1.in | |||
|''-'' | |||
|''vā́c'''yvs''''' | |||
|''vā́c'''yns''''' | |||
|- | |||
!|2 | |||
|''vā́c'' | |||
|''vā́c'''yrs''''' | |||
|''vā́c'''yls''''' | |||
|} | |||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;" | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="4" | '''Present''' | |||
|- | |||
!style="width: 50px; "| | |||
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular | |||
!style="width: 100px; "|Dual | |||
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural | |||
|- | |||
!|1.ex | |||
|(''vā́c'''īn''''') | |||
|(''vā́ch'''dir''''') | |||
|(''vā́c'''mi''''') | |||
|- | |||
!|1.in | |||
|''-'' | |||
|(''vā́c'''yvse''''') | |||
|(''vā́c'''ynse''''') | |||
|- | |||
!|2 | |||
|(''vā́c'''yr''''') | |||
|(''vā́c'''yrse''''') | |||
|(''vā́c'''ylse''''') | |||
|- | |||
!|3/4.m | |||
|(''vā́ce'') | |||
|rowspan="2"|(''vā́c'''ir''''') | |||
|(''vā́c'''vi''''') | |||
|- | |||
!|3/4.f | |||
|(''vā́c'''is''''') | |||
|(''vā́ch'''ti''''') | |||
|} | |} | ||
Line 1,521: | Line 1,767: | ||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;" | {| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;" | ||
|- | |- | ||
!colspan="4" | ''' | !colspan="4" | '''Present subjunctive''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!style="width: 50px; "| | !style="width: 50px; "| | ||
Line 1,529: | Line 1,775: | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|1.ex | !|1.ex | ||
|'' | |''ávā́c'''īn''''' | ||
|'' | |''ávā́ch'''dir''''' | ||
|'' | |''ávā́c'''mi''''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|1.in | !|1.in | ||
|''-'' | |''-'' | ||
|'' | |''ávā́c'''yvse''''' | ||
|'' | |''ávā́c'''ynse''''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|2 | !|2 | ||
|'' | |''ávā́c'''yr''''' | ||
|'' | |''ávā́c'''yrse''''' | ||
|'' | |''ávā́c'''ylse''''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|3/4.m | !|3/4.m | ||
|'' | |''ávā́ce'' | ||
|rowspan="2"|'' | |rowspan="2"|''ávā́c'''ir''''' | ||
|'' | |''ávā́c'''vi''''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|3/4.f | !|3/4.f | ||
|'' | |''ávā́c'''is''''' | ||
|'' | |''ávā́ch'''ti''''' | ||
|} | |} | ||
Line 1,581: | Line 1,802: | ||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;" | {| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;" | ||
|- | |- | ||
!colspan="4" | ''' | !colspan="4" | '''Imperfect''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!style="width: 50px; "| | !style="width: 50px; "| | ||
Line 1,589: | Line 1,810: | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|1.ex | !|1.ex | ||
| | |''yntýn'' | ||
| | |''ýnsid'' | ||
| | |''ýntmā'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|1.in | !|1.in | ||
|''-'' | |''-'' | ||
| | |''ýntar'' | ||
| | |''ýntā'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|2 | !|2 | ||
| | |''yntýr'' | ||
| | |''ýntrith'' | ||
| | |''ýntlith'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|3/4.m | !|3/4.m | ||
| | |''ýnta'' | ||
|rowspan="2"| | |rowspan="2"|''yntarí'' | ||
| | |''yntaví'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|3/4.f | !|3/4.f | ||
| | |''ýntar'' | ||
| | |''yntatí'' | ||
|} | |} | ||
Line 1,616: | Line 1,837: | ||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;" | {| class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;" | ||
|- | |- | ||
!colspan="4" | ''' | !colspan="4" | '''Imperfect subjunctive''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!style="width: 50px; "| | !style="width: 50px; "| | ||
Line 1,624: | Line 1,845: | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|1.ex | !|1.ex | ||
|'' | |''ēntýn'' | ||
|'' | |''ḕnsid'' | ||
|'' | |''ḕntmā'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|1.in | !|1.in | ||
|''-'' | |''-'' | ||
|'' | |''ḕntar'' | ||
|'' | |''ḕntā'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|2 | !|2 | ||
|'' | |''ēntýr'' | ||
|'' | |''ḕntrith'' | ||
|'' | |''ḕntlith'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|3/4.m | !|3/4.m | ||
|'' | |''ḕnta'' | ||
|rowspan="2"|'' | |rowspan="2"|''ēntarí'' | ||
|'' | |''ēntaví'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|3/4.f | !|3/4.f | ||
|'' | |''ḕntar'' | ||
|'' | |''ēntatí'' | ||
|} | |} | ||
Line 1,694: | Line 1,881: | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|1.ex | !|1.ex | ||
|''vā́c''' | |''vā́c'''ī́n''''' | ||
|'' | |''vā́ch'''dír''''' | ||
|''vā́c''' | |''vā́c'''mí''''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|1.in | !|1.in | ||
Line 1,704: | Line 1,891: | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|2 | !|2 | ||
|''vā́c''' | |''vā́c'''yt''''' | ||
|''vā́c'''yrt''''' | |''vā́c'''yrt''''' | ||
|''vā́c'''ylt''''' | |''vā́c'''ylt''''' | ||
Line 1,718: | Line 1,905: | ||
|} | |} | ||
===='' | ====''morī́n'' - 'exist'==== | ||
===Reduplicating stems=== | ===Reduplicating stems=== | ||
These verbs are reflexes of monosyllabic verbs whose stem originally consisted of consonant clusters with no vowel and was subsequently reduplicated to accommodate tonal patterns. They comprise a few irregular verbs. | These verbs are reflexes of monosyllabic verbs whose stem originally consisted of consonant clusters with no vowel and was subsequently reduplicated to accommodate tonal patterns. They comprise a few irregular verbs. | ||
===Eliding stems=== | ===Eliding stems=== |
edits