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''' | '''Zauhi''' (''Zauhi dażbo'' /zøɦi daʐbo/; ''zauhi'' is from Classical [[Ilithian]] ''jľoudh'' + the Semitic nisba suffix ''-i'') or '''Modern Ilithian''' is the main modern descendant of Classical [[Ilithian]]. It is in a sprachbund with Neo-Aramaic varieties and [[Ašča]]. | ||
== Lexicon == | |||
''śuc'' = good (< ''jsúrt'') | |||
''Śiżen'' = a name (< ''Jsužen'') | |||
''źesi'' = diligent (< ''jvesu'') | |||
''żauci'' = meat (< ''žouštu'') | |||
''dażbo'' = tongue, language (< ''dažvá'') | |||
''bak'' = wolf (< ''vrk'') | |||
== Phonology == | == Phonology == | ||
=== Consonants === | === Consonants === | ||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" | ||
|- | |- | ||
!colspan="2"| → PoA<br/>↓ Manner!! Labial !! Dental/Alveolar !! Postalveolar !! Palatal !! Velar !! Glottal | !colspan="2"| → PoA<br/>↓ Manner!! Labial !! Dental/Alveolar !! Postalveolar !! Palatal !! Velar !! Labiovelar!! Glottal | ||
|- | |- | ||
!colspan="2"|Nasal | !colspan="2"|Nasal | ||
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| '''n''' /n/ | | '''n''' /n/ | ||
| | | | ||
| '''ń | | '''ń''' /ɲ/ | ||
| | | '''ng''' /ŋ/ | ||
| | |||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
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| '''cz''' /tʂ/ | | '''cz''' /tʂ/ | ||
| '''ć''' /tɕ/ | | '''ć''' /tɕ/ | ||
| '''k''' /k/ | | '''k''' /k/ | ||
| '''q''' /kʷ/ | |||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
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| '''d''' /d/, '''dz''' /dz/ | | '''d''' /d/, '''dz''' /dz/ | ||
| '''dż''' /dʐ/ | | '''dż''' /dʐ/ | ||
| '''dź | | '''dź''' /dʑ/ | ||
| '''g''' /g/ | | '''g''' /g/ | ||
| '''g°''' /gʷ/ | |||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
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| '''dh''' /dʰ/, '''dzh''' /dzʰ/ | | '''dh''' /dʰ/, '''dzh''' /dzʰ/ | ||
| '''dżh''' /dʐʰ/ | | '''dżh''' /dʐʰ/ | ||
| '''dźh | | '''dźh''' /dʑʰ/ | ||
| | | | ||
| | |||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
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| [f] | | [f] | ||
| '''s''' /s/ | | '''s''' /s/ | ||
| '''sz''' /ʂ/ || '''ś | | '''sz''' /ʂ/ || '''ś''' /ɕ/ || '''x''' /x/ || || | ||
|- | |- | ||
!<small>voiced</small> | !<small>voiced</small> | ||
| ''' | | '''v''' /v/ | ||
| '''z''' /z/ || '''ż, rz''' /ʐ/ || '''ź | | '''z''' /z/ || '''ż, rz''' /ʐ/ || '''ź''' /ʑ/ || || '''w''' /w/ || '''h''' /ɦ/ | ||
|- | |- | ||
!colspan="2"| Liquid | !colspan="2"| Liquid | ||
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| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | |||
|} | |} | ||
=== Vowels === | === Vowels === | ||
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! rowspan="2" | | ! rowspan="2" | | ||
! colspan="2" |Front | ! colspan="2" |Front | ||
! rowspan="2" |Back | ! rowspan="2" |Back | ||
|- | |- | ||
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! style="" |Close | ! style="" |Close | ||
| '''i''' /i/ | | '''i''' /i/ | ||
| ''' | | '''u''' /y/ | ||
| '''ů''' /u/ | |||
| ''' | |||
|- | |- | ||
! style="" |Mid | ! style="" |Mid | ||
| '''e''' /e/ | | '''e''' /e/ | ||
| ''' | | '''au''' /ø/ | ||
| '''o''' /o/ | | '''o''' /o/ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="" |Open | ! style="" |Open | ||
| ''' | | '''ä''' /æ/ | ||
| | | | ||
| '''a''' / | | '''a''' /ɑ/ | ||
|} | |} | ||
== Morphology == | == Morphology == | ||
=== Nouns === | === Nouns === | ||
{|class=wikitable style=text-align:center | |||
|- | |||
! | |||
! colspan=2| ''bak'' = wolf | |||
|- | |||
! | | |||
! | Singular | |||
! | Plural | |||
|- | |||
|align="right"|'''Nominative''' | |||
|''bak'' || ''bakol'' | |||
|- | |||
|align="right"|'''Genitive''' | |||
|''bakach'' || ''bakolach'' | |||
|- | |||
|align="right"|'''Dative/Allative''' | |||
|''bakpi'' || ''bakolpi'' | |||
|- | |||
|align="right" |'''Accusative''' | |||
|''bakej'' || ''bakolej'' | |||
|- | |||
|align="right"|'''Instrumental''' | |||
|''bakni'' || ''bakonni'' | |||
|- | |||
|align="right" |'''Locative''' | |||
|''bakmi'' || ''bakolmi'' | |||
|} | |||
=== Pronouns === | |||
* ''o, och'' = 1sg | |||
* ''tu'' = 2sg | |||
* ''be, bech'' = 1pl | |||
* ''i, ich'' = 2pl | |||
[[Category:Ilithic]][[Category:Indo-European languages]][[Category:Stem-Balto-Slavic]] | [[Category:Ilithic]][[Category:Indo-European languages]][[Category:Stem-Balto-Slavic]] |
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