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{{ | :[[Ciêng/Lexicon]] | ||
:[[Ciêng/Swadesh list]] | |||
{{Infobox language | |||
|image = | |||
|imagesize = | |||
|creator = [[User:IlL|IlL]], [[User:Praimhín|Praimhín]] | |||
|name = Ciêng | |||
|nativename = jươn Ciêng | |||
|pronunciation=/jɨən kiəŋ/ | |||
|setting = [[Verse:Tricin]] | |||
|region = Bjeheond | |||
|speakers= 270 million | |||
|date=13b0dd | |||
|familycolor=tergetic | |||
|fam1=[[Lakovic]] | |||
|fam2=[[Ashanic]] | |||
|script=Windermere script | |||
|iso3= | |||
|notice=IPA | |||
}} | |||
'''Ciêng''' (''KEE-əng''; natively: /kīəŋ/, [[Windermere]]: ''Cieng'') is a tonal [[Ashanic languages|Ashanic]] language spoken in Tumhan, inspired by Vietnamese and Welsh. ("What if Vietnamese were rhotic?") It is closely related to [[Windermere/Classical|Classical Windermere]] but is not a direct descendant of it. | |||
==Diachronics== | |||
TODO: cluster reflexes | |||
Waaay before Grimm's law, thus b p were still voiced and tenuis stops > p + low resp. high tone classes | |||
Khmmerization BEFORE tone split | |||
Numbers: thon, rà, tziêu, khuốc, wượr, tai /θɔn, ra, tsiəw, χuək, wɚ:, tai/ | |||
whếp = light | |||
whì = dust | |||
Rhìa whươn mì Whền Whết = I live in Whehli (means something different with different tones) | |||
lieb "to put" ~ lliệm | |||
dưan tlẹ = to thank in Ciêng? | |||
tlẹ could be cognate to tănlea "to refuse", dưan is cognate to Windermere şän | |||
khổi = reflexive pronoun | |||
thỏi = learn (~ snoach) | |||
rêng = net | |||
truồng = long | |||
===Final + tone reflexes=== | |||
*-p < PAsh -b | |||
*-b *-d *-g should fricativize and become tones, not *-p *-t, *-k | |||
*snoach ~ thộc (snòχ < *snòk in Classical Wdm) | |||
*ăwoch ~ wốc "bone" | |||
==Phonology== | |||
===Consonants=== | |||
'''m n nr ng''' /m n (retro n) ŋ/ | |||
'''p t tr tl c qu''' /p t tʂ tl k kw ʔ/ (/ʔ/ not written) | |||
'''ph th kh wh''' /f θ χ χw/ | |||
'''z s rh ll h''' /s ʃ r̥ ɬ h/ | |||
'''tz ts''' /ts tʃ/ | |||
'''w r l j''' /w r l ʒ/ | |||
-w- is an onglide | |||
===Vowels=== | |||
'''ă a â e ê i o ô u ư ao eo êu aư ai oi ôi ia/iê iêu ua/uô uôi ăr ar er ir or ur âr''' /a ɑ: ɜ ɛ e~ɪ~ɛɪ i~ɪj ɔ əʊ~əʏ u: ɨ: aʊ ɛʊ eʊ aʏ aɪ ɔɪ oɪ iə iəw uə uəj æɹ ɒɹ eɹ iɹ oɹ oɹ əɹ/ | |||
===Tones=== | |||
6 tones of Viet | |||
==Sample text== | |||
===UDHR=== | |||
{{col-begin}} | |||
{{col-break}} | |||
Ciêng | |||
Sồn khổ sây àng khèn wỗi tề tưr thến mì pòi rhành tề mốc sin. Tzôr jánh llao ngá phuộng long tề ngá mông lla, àng thwàr nạt tzôr tsó thon sa whảy mì rhuỗr dàư khung tweng. | |||
{{col-break}} | |||
Ciêng Gloss | |||
all person are_born then free bone and equal same in state dignity and get right. they receive down ability reason and ability think back, and must SUBJ they work act one to other in heart of love fellow | |||
{{col-break}} | |||
[[Windermere|Modern Wdm.]] | |||
Tsor croth fa ășeal pluam te thür mis hăltsăbas tes imłin. Ănam hac răfongüe yas hălpăthin tes hălslith'a, te pdar thușnoa e nam tănse fidoan măceaf nătha mis șăgor hălchăsräf. | |||
{{col-break}} | |||
English | |||
All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood. | |||
{{col-end}} | |||
[[Category:Tricin]][[Category:Lakovic languages]] | |||
[[Category:Languages]] | |||