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Verse:Irta/Modern Hebrew: Difference between revisions
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== Phonology == | == Phonology == | ||
* Consonants: /ʔ b v g ɣ d ð h w z ħ tˁ j k x l m n s ʕ p f sˁ q r ʃ t θ/ = [(ʔ) b~p⁼ v g~k⁼ ɣ~ʁ d̪~t̪⁼~ð d̪~t̪⁼~ð h v z x~χ t̪ʰ~θ j kʰ x~χ l m n s (ʔ) pʰ f t̪s̪{{asp}} kʰ ɻ~ | * Consonants: /ʔ b v g ɣ d ð h w z ħ tˁ j k x l m n s ʕ p f sˁ q r ʃ t θ/ = [(ʔ) b~p⁼ v g~k⁼ ɣ~ʁ d̪~t̪⁼~ð d̪~t̪⁼~ð h v z x~χ t̪ʰ~θ j kʰ x~χ l m n s (ʔ) pʰ f t̪s̪{{asp}} kʰ ɻ~ɹ(ˠ) ʃ t̪ʰ~θ t̪ʰ~θ] | ||
* Vowels: /i e ɛ a QG QQ o u (shva na) ḤP ḤS ḤQ/ = [i e̞ e̞ æ~a ɑ~ɒ~ʌ o o u Ø~e̞ æ~a e̞ o̞] | * Vowels: /i e ɛ a QG QQ o u (shva na) ḤP ḤS ḤQ/ = [i e̞ e̞ æ~a ɑ~ɒ~ʌ o o u Ø~e̞ æ~a e̞ o̞] | ||
** Unstressed qamatz gadol is [ʌ̹] (similar to Seoul Korean /ʌ/): גדול /gɒˈdol/ [k⁼ʌ̹ˈðol] 'big'. | ** Unstressed qamatz gadol is [ʌ̹] (similar to Seoul Korean /ʌ/): גדול /gɒˈdol/ [k⁼ʌ̹ˈðol] 'big'. | ||
* /r/ is alveolar or retroflex and usually an approximant. Some speakers may pronounce it as [ɾ] or [r]. [ʀ] is used in solemn speech (to imitate Tiberian Hebrew, though TibH doesn't always use it) | * /r/ is alveolar or retroflex and usually an approximant. Some speakers may pronounce it as [ɾ(ˠ)] or [r(ˠ)]. [ʀ] is used in solemn speech (to imitate Tiberian Hebrew, though TibH doesn't always use it) | ||
* tav~tet /t̪ʰ/ and dalet /d̪/, which are dental stops unlike in our timeline's Modern Hebrew, have postvocalic allophones [θ] and [ð] (which don't correspond to lack of dagesh); this feature arose via hypercorrection and because some of the founder population's Ăn Yidiș dialects had the same feature. | * tav~tet /t̪ʰ/ and dalet /d̪/, which are dental stops unlike in our timeline's Modern Hebrew, have postvocalic allophones [θ] and [ð] (which don't correspond to lack of dagesh); this feature arose via hypercorrection and because some of the founder population's Ăn Yidiș dialects had the same feature. They may be weakly velarized. | ||
** ''Really'' snobby prescriptivists would insist that leniting dageshed tav, tet or dageshed dalet is incorrect, but basically no one would actually succeed at the "correct" pronunciation; they'd at best fail to lenite (which is like our Israeli Hebrew). | ** ''Really'' snobby prescriptivists would insist that leniting dageshed tav, tet or dageshed dalet is incorrect, but basically no one would actually succeed at the "correct" pronunciation; they'd at best fail to lenite (which is like our Israeli Hebrew). | ||
* /h/ is usually not dropped even in colloquial speech. | * /h/ is usually not dropped even in colloquial speech. | ||