Verse:Irta/Judeo-Mandarin: Difference between revisions

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Notes
Notes
* Aspirated stops are as strongly aspirated as in Mandarin and are also slightly lengthened when not initial: [pˑʰ t̪ˑʰ t̪͡s̪ˑʰ t͡ʃˑʰ kˑʰ].
* Aspirated stops are as strongly aspirated as in Mandarin or German and are also slightly lengthened when not initial: [pˑʰ t̪ˑʰ t̪͡s̪ˑʰ t͡ʃˑʰ kˑʰ].
* Unaspirated stops can only be voiced after vowels, and never at the onset of a stressed syllable; voicing initial unaspirated stops by default sounds non-native, although some accents can voice stops after nasals. In Naquian/Quintopetl Ăn Yidiș they may be weakly ejectivized [pʼ t̪ʼ t̪͡s̪ʼ tʃʼ kʼ] when initial and in the onset of a stressed syllable.
* Unaspirated stops have zero or short voice onset time and can only be voiced after vowels, and never at the onset of a stressed syllable; voicing initial unaspirated stops by default sounds non-native, although some accents can voice stops after nasals. In Naquian/Quintopetl Ăn Yidiș they may be weakly ejectivized [pʼ t̪ʼ t̪͡s̪ʼ tʃʼ kʼ] when initial and in the onset of a stressed syllable.
* ''t d s'' are lamino-dental and may be slightly velarized.
* ''t d s'' are lamino-dental and may be slightly velarized
* ''ț z'' are lamino-dental.
* ''ț z'' are lamino-dental.
* ''t d z'' may have fricative allophones [θ ð z̪] after vowels.
* ''t d z'' may have fricative allophones [θ ð z̪] after vowels.
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