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| ==Middle Annerish== | | ==Annerish== |
| ===Etymology=== | | ===Etymology=== |
| A {{glossary|suppletive}} paradigm consisting of three different roots:
| | Noun from [[w:Proto-Celtic_language|Celtic]] ''[[:wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/messus|*messus]]''. For the verb, Bernthaler draws connection to Old Annerish ''móa, múa'' ("breastmilk or porridge") and [[w:Proto-Germanic_language|Germanic]] ''[[:wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/matjaną|*matjaną]]'' ("to dine"); influenced by possible [[w:Old_Irish|Goidelic]] cognate ''[[:wikt:maidid|maidid]]'' ("to break"). Imperative from [[w:Proto-Indo-European_language|Indo-European]] ''[[:wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wes-#Etymology_2|*wes-]]''. |
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| * Present and conditional: a merger of ''[https://dil.ie/3976 ar·beir]'' and ''[https://dil.ie/23374 for·beir]'' borrowed from [[w:Old_Irish_language|Goidelic]] with conjunct reanalysed after the common noun, itself from an unknown source;<br>
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| ''for similar development'' cf. ''[[w:Icelandic_language|Icelandic]]'' [[:wikt:bor%C3%B0a#Icelandic|borða]];
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| * From [[w:Proto-Germanic_language|Proto-Germanic]] ''[[:wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wesan%C4%85#Etymology_2|*wesaną]]'': the bare Imperative and prefixed Irrealis extended with deponent endings;
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| * Past: from the sparcely attested Old Annerish ⟨''ro·fóed''⟩, ⟨''ros·foéḋ''⟩ (with infixed pronoun ''-s-''), seemingly from ''[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/etan%C4%85 *edaną]'', though ''cf.'': possibly original ⟨''ro·foír''⟩ from ''*fra-wēzi-''.
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| ===Pronunciation=== | | ===Pronunciation=== |
| (''Annerish'') [[Guide:IPA|IPA]]: /biːr͈ʲ/ [biˑɘ̯ɹ] | | (''Annerish'') [[Guide:IPA|IPA]]: /mʲesˠ/ [mes] |
| ===Verb/ Noun=== | | {{Qrz-avnnx-iv|n=mes|g=mc|j=2|b=yn|at=meıdes|ct=meıd|pt=meıdett|nar=meıd|ji=4b|ai=meà|ci=meà|pi=meà|cnd=meà|m=fua|mb=fuaıb}} |
| '''bírr''' (''runic:'''ᛓᛁᚱ''''') | | ===Verb / Noun=== |
| # (''countable'') A table for eating | | '''mes''' (''runic:'''ᛓᛆᛌ''''') |
| # (+''bıth'') To eat, consume as food | | # (''{{glossary|mass_noun|mn.}}'') Fruit and nuts as produce; |
| ====Usage notes====
| | # (''{{glossary|transitive|tr.}}''; ''of animals'') To eat fodder or drink, lap, consume; |
| The non-present has intransitive morphology and takes a direct object in a genitive construct with ''{{cd|bıth}}'':
| | # (''of humans'') To eat fruit, nuts, seeds, soup, porridge, stew, or bread. |
| * ''Annt '''urarth''' bıth ın gıogrann!'' - Please, have some barnacle stew! / '''''Roıd''' mí a bıth.'' - I ate it. <small>(''lit.'': Eaten I=am his ᴘᴀʀᴛ.)</small> <br>
| | # (''literally and {{glossary|figuratively|fig.}}'') To break bread. |
| <small>''vs.''</small> ''No '''bírr''' sae gıogran bıth?'' - Didn't he use to eat barnacle stew? / ''Tó mé ot '''bírre''' bıth.'' - I'm eating it. <small>(''lit.'': Am I at her eating ᴘᴀʀᴛ.)</small> <br>
| | ====''ɴ.ʙ.''==== |
| | | A special form of the vn. is used for the latter sense: |
| ====See also====
| | *''Tó mé c '''meıdm''' mesa'' - I'm '''cracking''' nuts. |
| * {{cd|aırbeda}} (''causative'')
| | A special form is used for the ɴᴇɢ. ɪᴍᴘ.: |
| ====Inflection==== | | * ''Ná '''fuar''' mu baırgeàn.'' - Don't eat my slice of bread! |
| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
| | Not interchangeable with {{cd|nıne}}! |
| ! style="background-color:#8fb4cb" | '''Ⅱ Masc.'''
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| ! style="background-color:#98b2bf" | ''Singular''
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| ! style="background-color:#98b2bf" | ''Plural''
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| ! style="background-color:#98b2bf" | ''Collective''
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| ! Rowspan="4" style="background-color:#f0ebd4" | '' Irregular <br> Active ''
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| ! Colspan="2" style="background-color:#ebf4ce" | '' Narrative ''
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| ! Rowspan="2" style="background-color:#f0ebd4" | '' Irregular <br> Stative ''
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| ! Rowspan="2" style="background-color:#ebf4ce" | '' Irrealis ''
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| ! Rowspan="2" style="background-color:#ebf4ce" | '' Conditional ''
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| ! Rowspan="2" style="background-color:#ebf4ce" | '' Preterite ''
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| |-
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| ! style="background-color:#adb1c8" | ''Common''
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| | bírr
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| | bírre<sup>ʟ</sup>
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| | bírrí
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| ! Rowspan="2" | ''ᴀʙs.'':
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| ! Rowspan="2" | ''ar'' beıre, <br> ''ar'' beırıd*
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| |-
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| ! style="background-color:#adb1c8" | ''Genitive''
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| | bírrí
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| | bírre(n)<sup>ɴ</sup>
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| | bírre<sup>ʟ</sup>
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| ! Rowspan="2" | ''ɪɴᴅᴇᴘ.''
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| ! Rowspan="2" | urar, <br> urarth*
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| ! Rowspan="2" | roıbbır, <br> roıbbırth*
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| ! Rowspan="2" | roıd
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| |-
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| ! style="background-color:#adb1c8" | ''Dative''
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| | bírre<sup>ʟ</sup>
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| | bírrıb
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| | bírrıb
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| | '''''ᴄᴏɴᴊ.''''':
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| | '''bírr'''
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| |-
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| ! style="background-color:#adb1c8" | ''Vocative''
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| | bírre<sup>ʟ</sup>
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| | bírre<sup>ʟ</sup>
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| | bírre<sup>ʟ</sup>
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| ! Colspan="3" style="background-color:#f1e9f9" | '' Imperative: '' fua<sup>sɢ</sup>, fuaıb<sup>ᴘʟ</sup> | |
| ! Colspan=4 | *<small>''2<sup>nd</sup> ᴘ. & 3<sup>rd</sup> ᴘ.sɢ. form,''</small> **<small>''1<sup>st</sup> ᴘ.sɢ. & ɪɴᴄʟ. form.''</small>
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| |} | |
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| [[Category:Contionary|birr]] [[Category:Annerish lemmata|birr]] [[Category:Annerish nouns|birr]] [[Category:Annerish verbs|birr]] | | [[Category:Contionary]] [[Category:Annerish lemmata]] [[Category:Annerish nouns]] [[Category:Annerish verbs]] |