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Knašta: Difference between revisions
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<!-- Example: Word order, qualifiers, determinatives, branching, etc. --> | <!-- Example: Word order, qualifiers, determinatives, branching, etc. --> | ||
Knašta has a SVO (subject-verb-object) word order. It uses subject verb inversion to mark questions. However, due to the prevalence of the implied agent form, the subject is often null, and questions are only marked by a rise in intonation or the placement of an interrogative pronoun. | Knašta has a SVO (subject-verb-object) word order. It uses subject-verb inversion to mark questions. However, due to the prevalence of the implied agent form, the subject is often null, and questions are only marked by a rise in intonation or the placement of an interrogative pronoun. | ||
====Examples of Basic Sentence Order==== | ====Examples of Basic Sentence Order==== | ||
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<br/> | <br/> | ||
why must do you that (Why do you have to do that?) | why must do you that (Why do you have to do that?) | ||
====Questions==== | |||
As stated above, all questions in Knašta use a strict VSO word order. Unlike in English where the verbal phrase is split (example: '''Are''' you '''being''' unkind?), in Knašta the entire verbal phrase remains together: | |||
Ameska minǰeska íl drast? | |||
<br/> | |||
like eat he that (Does he like to eat that?) | |||
Questions are marked with a rise in intonation toward the end of the sentence. This is the only distinguishing factor in some questions that use the implied agent form: | |||
Ameskanés drast? | |||
<br/> | |||
like.you that (Do you like that?) | |||
Ameskanés drast. | |||
<br/> | |||
like.you that (You like that) | |||
Interrogative pronouns come first: | |||
Kwo ǰis íl-ins jóm? | |||
<br/> | |||
what be his name (What is his name?) | |||
Kwéę kanel trůvinskakatsí drast? | |||
<br/> | |||
where can find.I this (Where can I find this?) | |||
Kes vālencanés? | |||
<br/> | |||
which want.you (Which do you want?) | |||
Kwomo marša? | |||
<br/> | |||
how walk/function.it (How does it work?) | |||
The use of ''kwomo'' (how) is often restricted to relative clauses, as there is another way to ask how using a compound with the word ''paþa'' (way): | |||
'''Kwo + ǰis sé paþa + gerund + object genitive + subject genitive''' | |||
The object or subject forms follow the normal rules for the genitive case, and may sometimes come before the ''paþa'' compound, thereby causing the deletion of ''sé'' (the). | |||
Essentially this is the equivalent of asking "What is X's way of Y?": | |||
Kwo sen-ǰis lot-ins paþaàrívítkatsjon? | |||
<br/> | |||
what past-be its way.of.happening (How did it happen?) | |||
Kwo ǰis on-ins paþakréjetsatsjon jazišna-ins? | |||
<br/> | |||
what be one's way.of.creation language.of (How does one create a language?) | |||
Kwo sen-ǰis vošní-ins paþafétsatsjon drast-ins? | |||
<br/> | |||
what past-be your way.of.doing that.of (How did you do that?) | |||
Kwo sen-ǰis sé paþaàrívítkatsjon révolůtsíàtsjon-ins? | |||
<br/> | |||
what past-be the way.of.happening revolution.of (How did the revolution happen?) | |||
You can also substitute the object genitive for an expression that involves ''por'' (for): | |||
Kwo sen-ǰis vošní-ins paþafétsatsjon por drast? | |||
<br/> | |||
what past-be your way.of.doing for that (How did you do that?) | |||
Kwo sen-ǰis sé paþakréjetsatsjon por komnizní? | |||
<br/> | |||
what past-be the way.of.creation for communism (How was communism created?) | |||
====Adjectives and Adverbs==== | ====Adjectives and Adverbs==== | ||