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Knrawi: Difference between revisions
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|map = PollasenaMapGlowPNG2.png | |map = PollasenaMapGlowPNG2.png | ||
|mapsize = 280px | |mapsize = 280px | ||
|mapcaption = Range map of Knrawi (pink) and [[Soc'ul']] (green), c. - | |mapcaption = Range map of Knrawi (pink) and [[Soc'ul']] (green), c. -1000 MT | ||
|notice = IPA | |notice = IPA | ||
}} | }} | ||
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==Orthography== | ==Orthography== | ||
Knrawi is written with the Wacag logography. Its romanization is as follows (using Standard Knrawi phonetic values). | Knrawi is written with the [[Appendix:Wacag Characters|Wacag logography]]. Its romanization is as follows (using Standard Knrawi phonetic values). | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
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==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
For notable regional phonologies see also [[:Category:Knrawi IPA | For notable regional phonologies see also [[:Category:Knrawi IPA keys|Knrawi IPA keys]]. | ||
===Consonants=== | ===Consonants=== | ||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" | ||
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*[ɛ] and [ɔ] are unstressed allophones of /ɪ/ or /a/ and /ʊ/ or /a/ respectively. | *[ɛ] and [ɔ] are unstressed allophones of /ɪ/ or /a/ and /ʊ/ or /a/ respectively. | ||
**Vowel reduction is inconsistent and often absent in ideophones. | |||
**The conditions in which unstressed /a/ becomes [ɛ] or [ɔ] varies by region. | **The conditions in which unstressed /a/ becomes [ɛ] or [ɔ] varies by region. | ||
***In standard Knrawi [ɛ] is the realization adjacent to coronal and glottal consonants or when the previous vowel is [ɔ], and [ɔ] is the realization otherwise. | ***In standard Knrawi [ɛ] is the realization adjacent to coronal and glottal consonants or when the previous vowel is [ɔ], and [ɔ] is the realization otherwise. | ||
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*Epenthetic [ə] is placed between | *Epenthetic [ə] is placed between | ||
**voiceless consonants and /h/ or /x̠/ (except /hh/ and /x̠x̠/). | **voiceless consonants and /h/ or /x̠/ (except /hh/ and /x̠x̠/). | ||
**aspirated consonants and non-nasal consonants. | **aspirated consonants and non-nasal consonants. | ||
**C₁CC₁, #CC₁, and C₁C# clusters with | **C₁CC₁, #CC₁, and C₁C# clusters with C₁ being less sonorous than C (unless C is syllabic). | ||
***Roots with only epenthetic vowels can only have high lexical tone. | ***Roots with only epenthetic vowels can only have high lexical tone. | ||
*In some regions, | *In some regions, | ||
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As in Soc'ul', plurality and indefiniteness are treated as one category, and in words with modifiable tone it is marked with low tone. | As in Soc'ul', plurality and indefiniteness are treated as one category, and in words with modifiable tone it is marked with low tone. | ||
Both core arguments of the copula are marked as accusative. | |||
The genitive case is affixed as if accusative, and in words with modifiable tone is marked with falling tone. This tone takes priority over lexical or grammatical low tone, except in some regions where the two (and/or combined lexical and grammatical falling tone) combine into a low falling tone. | The genitive case is affixed as if accusative, and in words with modifiable tone is marked with falling tone. This tone takes priority over lexical or grammatical low tone, except in some regions where the two (and/or combined lexical and grammatical falling tone) combine into a low falling tone. | ||
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| rîu || rîuh || hîuv | | rîu || rîuh || hîuv | ||
| rîaj || rîuj || jrîuj | | rîaj || rîuj || jrîuj | ||
| mvî || | | mvî || yîri || riûhu | ||
| srî || yrî || yrîu | | srî || yrî || yrîu | ||
|- | |- | ||
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| îsuq || îsuqh || îhusq | | îsuq || îsuqh || îhusq | ||
| îsaqj || îsuqj || îsjuqj | | îsaqj || îsuqj || îsjuqj | ||
| îmsq || îisq || | | îmsq || îisq || isûhuq | ||
| îsrsq || îsq || îsuq | | îsrsq || îsq || îsuq | ||
|- | |- | ||
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==Other resources== | ==Other resources== | ||
[https://cals.info/language/standard-knrawi/ CALS] | *[https://cals.info/language/standard-knrawi/ CALS] | ||
*[[Knrawi/Swadesh]] | |||
[ | |||
[[Category:Knrawi language]] | [[Category:Knrawi language]] | ||
[[Category:Languages of Pollasena]] | |||
[[Category:Languages]] | [[Category:Languages]] | ||
[[Category:Conlangs]] | [[Category:Conlangs]] | ||