Linguifex

Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean/Lexicon: Difference between revisions

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Proto-Atlanto-Mediterranean/Lexicon (view source)

Revision as of 11:10, 12 July 2024

7,518 bytes added ,  12 July
→‎Etymologies possibly linked to Nostratic
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|large predator *zīwe(ŋkV)
|large predator *zīwe(ŋkV)
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|large predator *zīwe(ŋkV)
|large predator *zīwe(ŋkV)
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|large, heavy *sUrV
|large, heavy *sUrV
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|large, heavy *sUrV
|large, heavy *sUrV
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|laugh *gUlV
|laugh *gUlV
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|laugh, merry *gUlV
|laugh, merry *gUlV
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|leaf *bolV
|leaf *bolV
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|leaf *bolV
|leaf *bolV
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|leaf *lVṗV
|leaf *lVṗV
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|leaf tree *ṗVlV
|leaf tree *ṗVlV
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|leaf tree *ṗVlV
|leaf tree *ṗVlV
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|leaf, bark *lVṗV
|leaf, bark *lVṗV
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|leaf, branch *HelV
|leaf, branch *HelV
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|leaf, flower *pòŋa ( ~ *p`-) 'bud'
|leaf, flower *pòŋa ( ~ *p`-) 'bud'
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|leaf; reed? *HVrVlV (*HVlVrV)
|leaf; reed? *HVrVlV (*HVlVrV)
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|leg *ɫaḳV
|leg *ɫaḳV
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|leg *ɫaḳV
|leg *ɫaḳV
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|leg, arm *ḳVwlV
|leg, arm *ḳVwlV
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|leg, limb *ḳVwlV
|leg, limb *ḳVwlV
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|level ground *ṭalV
|level ground *ṭalV
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|lick *laḳV
|lick *laḳV
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|lick *laḳV
|lick *laḳV
|lick *lašV ?
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|lick *lašV ?
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|lick *lašV
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|lick *lašV
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|lick, drink *talV
|lick, drink *talV
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|lie *ḳVwjV
|lie *ḳVwjV
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|light, burn *Howri
|light, burn *Howri
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|light, burn *Howri
|light, burn *Howri
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|light, loose *SulV
|light, loose *SulV
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|light, shine *HVlV
|light, shine *HVlV
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|light, shine *HVlV
|light, shine *HVlV
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|light, shine *jVḳV
|light, shine *jVḳV
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|light, shine *jVḳV
|light, shine *jVḳV
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|light, shine *mVlV
|light, shine *mVlV
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|limb *ṗVHdV
|limb *ṗVHdV
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|lip, soft excrescence *kanpV
|lip, soft excrescence *kanpV
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|lip, soft excrescence *kanpV
|lip, soft excrescence *kanpV
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|liquid *GurV
|liquid *GurV
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|liquid *GurV
|liquid *GurV
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|liquid *lVṭV
|liquid *lVṭV
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|liquid *lVṭV
|liquid *lVṭV
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|liquid *sVwV
|liquid *sVwV
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|liquid *śVwV
|liquid *śVwV
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|liquid, dirt *lVḳwV
|liquid, dirt *lVḳwV
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|liquid, flow *L[ä]jV
|liquid, flow *L[ä]jV
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|liver *pi̯ā̀ki liver
|liver *pi̯ā̀ki liver
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|liver *ponta
|liver *ponta
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|liver, belly *tVrV(ŋV)
|liver, belly *tVrV(ŋV)
|liver, intestines *mVLV blood, marrow?
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|liver, intestines *mVLV blood, marrow
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|lizard, slug *mVxlV ( ~ *mVlxV)
|lizard, slug *mVxlV ( ~ *mVlxV)
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|lizard, worm *mVxlV ( ~ *mVlxV)
|lizard, worm *mVxlV ( ~ *mVlxV)
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|loins, groin *zVmV
|loins, groin *zVmV
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|long *tel(ḥ)V
|long *tel(ḥ)V
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|long *tel(ḥ)V
|long *tel(ḥ)V
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|long bone *śVnV
|long bone *śVnV
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|long hair, tail *[s]VPV
|long hair, tail *[s]VPV
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|long, far *ḳUlV
|long, far *ḳUlV
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|long, high *HVgU
|long, high *HVgU
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|long, wide *wVŕV
|long, wide *wVŕV
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|long, wide *wVŕV
|long, wide *wVŕV
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|loose *SulV
|loose *SulV
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|loose(n) *lVCV
|loose(n) *lVCV
|louse *pVN(T)V ?
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|louse *pVN(T)V
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|louse *ṭäjV
|louse *ṭäjV
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|louse *ṭäjV
|louse *ṭäjV
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|louse, nit *ñejV
|louse, nit *ñejV
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|love, good *ʔVjV
|love, good *ʔVjV
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|luminary *mVnzV
|luminary *mVnzV
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|luminary *mVnʒ́V
|luminary *mVnʒ́V
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|lung, liver *pVjLV
|lung, liver *pVjLV
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|lung, spleen *pVjLV
|lung, spleen *pVjLV
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|male *gVntV
|male *gVntV
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|male *gVntV
|male *gVntV
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|male, male child *mVḳV
|male, male child *mVḳV
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|man *ḳaćV ( ~ -ć`-)
|man *ḳaćV ( ~ -ć`-)
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|man *mänV
|man *mänV
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|man *mänV
|man *mänV
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|many *m[o]nV
|many *m[o]nV
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|many *m[o]nV
|many *m[o]nV
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|many *ṗalV
|many *ṗalV
|many *ṗV(H)- ?
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|many, big *bVtV ?
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|many *ṗV(H)-
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|many, big *bVtV
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|many, full *ṗalV
|many, full *ṗalV
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|marsh *[sw]VjmV
|marsh *[sw]VjmV
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|marsh, uncultivated land *[sw]VjmV
|marsh, uncultivated land *[sw]VjmV
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|marten *ḳ[u]nV
|marten *ḳ[u]nV
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|marten *ḳ[u]nV
|marten *ḳ[u]nV
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|meat *ńVḳV(rV)
|meat *ńVḳV(rV)
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|meat *sUḳV
|meat *sUḳV
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|meat *ʔomsV
|meat *ʔomsV
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|meat *ʔomśV
|meat *ʔomśV
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|meat, animal *cVč𝑉čV
|meat, animal *cVč𝑉čV
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|meat, deer *sUḳV
|meat, deer *sUḳV
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|meat, liver *mVḳV
|meat, liver *mVḳV
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|meat, liver *mVḳV
|meat, liver *mVḳV
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|meat, roe, intestines *ńVḳV(rV)
|meat, roe, intestines *ńVḳV(rV)
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|member of the clan *ʔarV
|member of the clan *ʔarV
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|moisture *mVtV
|moisture *mVtV
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|moisture *mVtV
|moisture *mVtV
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|moon, heavenly body *ṭVlgV(nV)
|moon, heavenly body *ṭVlgV(nV)
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|moon, luminary *ṭVlgV(nV)
|moon, luminary *ṭVlgV(nV)
|morning *ṗuKdV (?)
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|morning *ṗuKdV
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|morning / evening *HamV
|morning / evening *HamV
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|morning ~ evening *SVKV
|morning ~ evening *SVKV
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|morning, clear sky *ŋańV
|morning, clear sky *ŋańV
|moth *kuńV ?
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|mother *ʔVjV ?
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|mother *ʔVjV ?
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|moth *kuńV
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|mother *ʔVjV
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|mother *ʔVjV
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|mother *ʔVmV
|mother *ʔVmV
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|mother, woman *ʔVmV
|mother, woman *ʔVmV
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|mountain *balV
|mountain *balV
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|mountain *malV
|mountain *malV
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|mountain *malV
|mountain *malV
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|mountain *wVrV
|mountain *wVrV
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|mountain *wVrV
|mountain *wVrV
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|mountain, high *TVGV
|mountain, high *TVGV
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|mountain, hill *balV
|mountain, hill *balV
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|mountain, hill *gʷVrV
|mountain, hill *gʷVrV
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|mountain, hill *gʷVrV
|mountain, hill *gʷVrV
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|mountain, top *ṗVrV
|mountain, top *ṗVrV
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|mountain, top *ṗVrV
|mountain, top *ṗVrV
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|mouse *cVḳV ( ~ *c`-)
|mouse *cVḳV ( ~ *c`-)
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|mouse, squirrel *CVḳV (cf. also *cwVkV ( ~ čw-))
|mouse, squirrel *CVḳV (cf. also *cwVkV ( ~ čw-))
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|mouse, squirrel *gʷVĺV
|mouse, squirrel *gʷVĺV
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|mouth *[s]UwV
|mouth *[s]UwV
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|mouth, hole *HVwV
|mouth, hole *HVwV
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|mouth, hole *HVwV
|mouth, hole *HVwV
|mouth; eat *č`VmV ?
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|mouth; eat *č`VmV
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|mouth; speak *ʔVpV
|mouth; speak *ʔVpV
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|mouth; to speak *ʔVpV
|mouth; to speak *ʔVpV
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|mud, dung *ḳorV
|mud, dung *ḳorV
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|mud; gum, resin *ṗoŋV
|mud; gum, resin *ṗoŋV
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|multitude; be satiated *HVwV
|multitude; be satiated *HVwV
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|mushroom, fungus *pUtV
|mushroom, fungus *pUtV
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|mushroom, sponge *pUtV
|mushroom, sponge *pUtV
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|naked, take off clothes *luku
|naked, take off clothes *luku
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|name *ĺVm(ŋ)V
|name *ĺVm(ŋ)V
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|name *ĺVm(ŋ)V
|name *ĺVm(ŋ)V
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|name *ṗVtV
|name *ṗVtV
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|name, call *ṗVtV
|name, call *ṗVtV
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|name, shape *šamV
|name, shape *šamV
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|nape, back *[s]VKV
|nape, back *[s]VKV
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|nape, back *śVKV
|nape, back *śVKV
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|nape; back *dVgV
|nape; back *dVgV
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|narrow *č`VnV
|narrow *č`VnV
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|narrow *ṭijV
|narrow *ṭijV
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|narrow, thin *č`VnV
|narrow, thin *č`VnV
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|near *ʔVbV
|near *ʔVbV
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|neck *ḳVlV
|neck *ḳVlV
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|neck, collar *kVŋkV
|neck, collar *kVŋkV
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|neck, throat *HVŋV
|neck, throat *HVŋV
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|neck, throat *ḳVlV
|neck, throat *ḳVlV
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|neck, vertebra *nVKV
|neck, vertebra *nVKV
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|negative particle *ʔVlV
|negative particle *ʔVlV
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|negative particle *ʔVlV
|negative particle *ʔVlV
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|negative verb *ʔe
|negative verb *ʔe
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|new *žVjŋV
|new *žVjŋV
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|new, fresh *CVrV
|new, fresh *CVrV
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|new, good *žVjŋV
|new, good *žVjŋV
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|new, young *CVrV
|new, young *CVrV
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|new, young *wVlV
|new, young *wVlV
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|night *HUdV
|night *HUdV
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|night *kVcwV ( ~ -čw-)
|night *kVcwV ( ~ -čw-)
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|night *lVlV
|night *lVlV
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|night *lVlV
|night *lVlV
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|night, dawn *ŋańV 'morning, clear sky'
|night, dawn *ŋańV 'morning, clear sky'
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|night, sleep *HUdV
|night, sleep *HUdV
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|night, sleep *zVNV
|night, sleep *zVNV
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|night, sleep *ʒ́iNV
|night, sleep *ʒ́iNV
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|night, sleep *ʔamV
|night, sleep *ʔamV
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|nit *ñejV
|nit *ñejV
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|nit, louse *sajrV
|nit, louse *sajrV
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|nit, louse *sajrV ( ~ *ś-)
|nit, louse *sajrV ( ~ *ś-)
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|nose *ḳVŋV
|nose *ḳVŋV
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|nose *ḳVŋV
|nose *ḳVŋV
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|nose *ne(H)wRV
|nose *ne(H)wRV
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|nose *ŋVkCV
|nose *ŋVkCV
|nose *wiKV (?*ujKV)
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|nose *wiKV (?*ujKV)
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|nose *wiKV (*ujKV)
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|nose *wiKV (*ujKV)
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|nose, nostril *CVxrV
|nose, nostril *CVxrV
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|nose, nostril *cwVxrV
|nose, nostril *cwVxrV
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|not *ʔVnV
|not *ʔVnV
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|not, negative particle *ʔVnV
|not, negative particle *ʔVnV
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|not, negative verb *ʔe
|not, negative verb *ʔe
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|notch, sign *gVrVbV
|notch, sign *gVrVbV
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|now; new *nVwV
|now; new *nVwV
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|now; new *nVwV
|now; new *nVwV
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|numerous, full *tVrV
|numerous, full *tVrV
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|nut, fruit *ar- 'nut'
|nut, fruit *ar- 'nut'
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|old *gwVrV
|old *gwVrV
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|old *gwVrV
|old *gwVrV
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|old *zVr(d)V
|old *zVr(d)V
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|one *sem-
|one *sem-
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|one *ʔUdV
|one *ʔUdV
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|one *ʔUdV
|one *ʔUdV
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|one *ʔVrV
|one *ʔVrV
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|one *ʔVrV
|one *ʔVrV
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|one, finger *dwV(j)ḳV
|one, finger *dwV(j)ḳV
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|one, finger (?) *dwV(j)ḳV
|one, finger (?) *dwV(j)ḳV
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|one, self *ʔo(ŋ)nV
|one, self *ʔo(ŋ)nV
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|onion, odorous grass *sUŋV
|onion, odorous grass *sUŋV
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|open *ṗan[c]V
|open *ṗan[c]V
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|open space *ʔVrHV
|open space *ʔVrHV
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|open space *ʔVrHV
|open space *ʔVrHV
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|open, hole *HangV
|open, hole *HangV
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|open; hole *ʔaḳa
|open; hole *ʔaḳa
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|order, custom *nerV
|order, custom *nerV
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|original place *ni̯VnV
|original place *ni̯VnV
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|other *aĺV other side
|other *aĺV other side
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|other *gUjV
|other *gUjV
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|other *gwVjV
|other *gwVjV
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|pain, wound *mVnḳV
|pain, wound *mVnḳV
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|painful state, grief *gilV
|painful state, grief *gilV
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|painful state, grief *gilV
|painful state, grief *gilV
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|pair, one of a pair *gagtV
|pair, one of a pair *gagtV
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|palate, tongue *ŋVnV
|palate, tongue *ŋVnV
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|palate, tongue *ŋVnV
|palate, tongue *ŋVnV
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|palm *caʷlǝʒǝ- hand, Nivgh. *cälmǝ palm
|palm *caʷlǝʒǝ- hand, Nivgh. *cälmǝ palm
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|palm (of hand) *ṗVlŋV
|palm (of hand) *ṗVlŋV
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|palm of hand, handful *ṗVlŋV
|palm of hand, handful *ṗVlŋV
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|part of face *ńVjlV
|part of face *ńVjlV
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|part of nose *ŋVk[čw]V
|part of nose *ŋVk[čw]V
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|part of nose *t`ā́nV ( ~ -ē-) (?) part of nose
|part of nose *t`ā́nV ( ~ -ē-) (?) part of nose
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|part of shoulder *čVKV
|part of shoulder *čVKV
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|part of shoulder, joint *čVKV
|part of shoulder, joint *čVKV
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|paw, grasp *gEpSV
|paw, grasp *gEpSV
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|paw, hand *gEpčwV
|paw, hand *gEpčwV
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|peg, nail *ɣoŋɣV
|peg, nail *ɣoŋɣV
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|peg, nail *ḳUjḳV peg, nail (cf. also *kikV 'bite', *ḳVkV 'break, peck')
|peg, nail *ḳUjḳV peg, nail (cf. also *kikV 'bite', *ḳVkV 'break, peck')
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|peg, root *ḳUjḳV
|peg, root *ḳUjḳV
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|penis *bVĺV
|penis *bVĺV
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|penis *bVĺV
|penis *bVĺV
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|penis *ṗacV ( ~ -c`-, -č-)
|penis *ṗacV ( ~ -c`-, -č-)
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|-
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|penis *ṗaćV ( ~ -ć`-, -č-) (cf. also *pVjcV ( ~ -č-))
|penis *ṗaćV ( ~ -ć`-, -č-) (cf. also *pVjcV ( ~ -č-))
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|people, army *čVbV
|people, army *čVbV
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|-
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|place *baja
|place *baja
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|place *baja
|place *baja
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|pleasure, satisfaction *ṭVrṗV
|pleasure, satisfaction *ṭVrṗV
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|-
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|plenty, abundant *malV
|plenty, abundant *malV
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|pond *küɫä
|pond *küɫä
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|pond *küɫä
|pond *küɫä
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|pool, low ground *laḳwV
|pool, low ground *laḳwV
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|pool, low ground *laḳwV
|pool, low ground *laḳwV
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|pot *ṗVdV
|pot *ṗVdV
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|-
|
|pot *ṗVdV
|pot *ṗVdV
|
|-
|
|pot *pVNV
|pot *pVNV
|
|-
|
|pray *mVlV
|pray *mVlV
|
|-
|
|prohibitive / negative particle *ma
|prohibitive / negative particle *ma
|
|-
|
|prohibitive particle, not *ma
|prohibitive particle, not *ma
|
|-
|
|pus, rot *[č]iru
|pus, rot *[č]iru
|
|-
|
|pus, rot *Ciru
|pus, rot *Ciru
|
|-
|
|push, move *ńukV
|push, move *ńukV
|
|-
|
|quick *ṭurV
|quick *ṭurV
|
|-
|
|quick *ṭurV
|quick *ṭurV
|
|-
|
|quick, swift *pV[ṭ]V
|quick, swift *pV[ṭ]V
|rain, fog, steam *musV ?
|
|-
|
|rain, fog, steam *musV
|
|-
|
|rain, pour *HVrćV ( ~ -ć`-) (cf. also *rVCV)
|rain, pour *HVrćV ( ~ -ć`-) (cf. also *rVCV)
|
|-
|
|rare *HVrV
|rare *HVrV
|
|-
|
|rare, new *HVrV rare
|rare, new *HVrV rare
|
|-
|
|reed *HVrVlV (*HVlVrV)
|reed *HVrVlV (*HVlVrV)
|
|-
|
|relative-in-law *tajV
|relative-in-law *tajV
|
|-
|
|ring, hook *ḳVCV (also *kVCV)
|ring, hook *ḳVCV (also *kVCV)
|
|-
|
|ring, spool *ḳVč`V
|ring, spool *ḳVč`V
|
|-
|
|rise *ŋwVkV
|rise *ŋwVkV
|
|-
|
|rise, stand up *HVgU
|rise, stand up *HVgU
|
|-
|
|rise, up *ʔVpV
|rise, up *ʔVpV
|
|-
|
|rise, up *ʔVpV
|rise, up *ʔVpV
|
|-
|
|road *ʔur(H)V
|road *ʔur(H)V
|
|-
|
|road *ʔur(H)V
|road *ʔur(H)V
|
|-
|
|road, walk *mVrV
|road, walk *mVrV
|rod, strap *lVgV ?
|
|rod, strap *lVgV ?
|-
|
|rod, strap *lVgV
|
|-
|
|rod, strap *lVgV
|
|-
|
|roe; inside *t`VrV(ŋV)
|roe; inside *t`VrV(ŋV)
|
|-
|
|root, bone (?) *tV(H)mV
|root, bone (?) *tV(H)mV
|root, bone (??) *tV(H)mV root, bone (?)
|
|-
|
|root, bone (??) *tV(H)mV root, bone
|
|-
|
|root, herb *wVr[t]V
|root, herb *wVr[t]V
|
|-
|
|root, herb *wVr[t]V
|root, herb *wVr[t]V
|
|-
|
|root, seed > settlement *aHulV
|root, seed > settlement *aHulV
|
|-
|
|root, sprout *ḲurV
|root, sprout *ḲurV
|
|-
|
|root, stalk *ḲurV
|root, stalk *ḲurV
|
|-
|
|rope, thread *wVŕV ( ~ *HuŕV)
|rope, thread *wVŕV ( ~ *HuŕV)
|
|-
|
|round *ḳoĺV
|round *ḳoĺV
|
|-
|
|round *ḳoĺV
|round *ḳoĺV
|
|-
|
|round *ṭompV
|round *ṭompV
|round, convex *ṭompV ?
|
|-
|
|round, convex *ṭompV
|
|-
|
|rump, buttocks *kuNṭV
|rump, buttocks *kuNṭV
|
|-
|
|rump, neck *nVKV
|rump, neck *nVKV
|
|-
|
|run *bok[a]
|run *bok[a]
|
|-
|
|run *bok[a]
|run *bok[a]
|
|-
|
|run, drive *ʔurKV
|run, drive *ʔurKV
|
|-
|
|sack, bag *lVmV
|sack, bag *lVmV
|
|-
|
|salt *CalV
|salt *CalV
|
|-
|
|salt, bitter *sVbV
|salt, bitter *sVbV
|
|-
|
|salt, sea *čwalV
|salt, sea *čwalV
|
|-
|
|salty, sour *č`VmV
|salty, sour *č`VmV
|
|-
|
|salty, sour *cwVwVrV
|salty, sour *cwVwVrV
|
|-
|
|sand *ki[ǯ]V
|sand *ki[ǯ]V
|
|-
|
|sand *kiCV
|sand *kiCV
|
|-
|
|satisfaction *ṭVrṗV
|satisfaction *ṭVrṗV
|
|-
|
|say *tVHV
|say *tVHV
|
|-
|
|say, call *wVḳV
|say, call *wVḳV
|
|-
|
|say, sound *čVwV ( ~ *č`-)
|say, sound *čVwV ( ~ *č`-)
|
|-
|
|say, sound *čVwV ( ~ *č`-)
|say, sound *čVwV ( ~ *č`-)
|
|-
|
|scab *pVkV
|scab *pVkV
|
|-
|
|scatter, sift *ś(w)VcwV
|scatter, sift *ś(w)VcwV
|
|-
|
|scrape, scraper *ḳwVnCV
|scrape, scraper *ḳwVnCV
|
|-
|
|scrape, scraper *ḳwVncwV
|scrape, scraper *ḳwVncwV
|
|-
|
|scratch *wVrcwV
|scratch *wVrcwV
|
|-
|
|scratch, scrape *ḳVSV
|scratch, scrape *ḳVSV
|
|-
|
|scratch, scrape *wVrcwV
|scratch, scrape *wVrcwV
|
|-
|
|sea *jamV
|sea *jamV
|
|-
|
|sea, shallow *sVjɣwV
|sea, shallow *sVjɣwV
|
|-
|
|sea, water *jamV
|sea, water *jamV
|
|-
|
|sea, water *sVjɣwV
|sea, water *sVjɣwV
|
|-
|
|second person pronoun *χwV
|second person pronoun *χwV
|
|-
|
|second person pronoun, thou *nV
|second person pronoun, thou *nV
|
|-
|
|second person pronoun, thou *si
|second person pronoun, thou *si
|
|-
|
|second person pronoun, thou *ṭ[u]
|second person pronoun, thou *ṭ[u]
|
|-
|
|see, eye *ʔVnjV
|see, eye *ʔVnjV
|
|-
|
|seed, kin *ṗVrV
|seed, kin *ṗVrV
|
|-
|
|seed, kin *ṗVrV
|seed, kin *ṗVrV
|
|-
|
|seed; to sift *sVjHV
|seed; to sift *sVjHV
|
|-
|
|seize *HamV
|seize *HamV
|
|-
|
|self *ʔo(ŋ)nV
|self *ʔo(ŋ)nV
|
|-
|
|separate, split *bedV
|separate, split *bedV
|
|-
|
|settlement *aHulV
|settlement *aHulV
|
|-
|
|settlement *palVHV
|settlement *palVHV
|
|-
|
|settlement *palVHV
|settlement *palVHV
|
|-
|
|shape *šamV
|shape *šamV
|
|-
|
|sharp *Hoḳi
|sharp *Hoḳi
|
|-
|
|sharp object *CVNV
|sharp object *CVNV
|
|-
|
|sharp point, tooth *Hoḳi
|sharp point, tooth *Hoḳi
|
|-
|
|sharp stick *c`iĺV
|sharp stick *c`iĺV
|
|-
|
|sharp stick *c`iĺV
|sharp stick *c`iĺV
|
|-
|
|sharp, to whet *pVxwV
|sharp, to whet *pVxwV
|
|-
|
|sharp, to whet *pVxwV
|sharp, to whet *pVxwV
|
|-
|
|shell *kV(n)ḳV
|shell *kV(n)ḳV
|
|-
|
|shell, bark *kV(n)ḳV
|shell, bark *kV(n)ḳV
|
|-
|
|shin, shank *ḳVnčV
|shin, shank *ḳVnčV
|
|-
|
|shin, thigh *ḳVnčV
|shin, thigh *ḳVnčV
|
|-
|
|shine, bright *bVrḳV
|shine, bright *bVrḳV
|
|-
|
|shine, burn *mVlV
|shine, burn *mVlV
|
|-
|
|shine, burn (several roots?) *belV
|shine, burn (several roots?) *belV
|
|-
|
|shine, glitter *belV
|shine, glitter *belV
|
|-
|
|shine, glitter *laṗV
|shine, glitter *laṗV
|
|-
|
|shine, light *bVɣV
|shine, light *bVɣV
|
|-
|
|shine, light *bVɣV
|shine, light *bVɣV
|
|-
|
|shine; burn *leuk-
|shine; burn *leuk-
|
|-
|
|shoulder *tVlV
|shoulder *tVlV
|
|-
|
|shoulder, arm *tVlV
|shoulder, arm *tVlV
|
|-
|
|shoulder, shoulder-blade *ṗVŋV
|shoulder, shoulder-blade *ṗVŋV
|
|-
|
|shout *rewǝ- shout, roar
|shout *rewǝ- shout, roar
|
|-
|
|show, point at *tVjḳV
|show, point at *tVjḳV
|
|-
|
|sick, ill *ēco ( ~ -ć-, -č-)
|sick, ill *ēco ( ~ -ć-, -č-)
|
|-
|
|side *bVḳV
|side *bVḳV
|
|-
|
|side (of body) *bVḳV
|side (of body) *bVḳV
|
|-
|
|sinew; root *SirV
|sinew; root *SirV
|
|-
|
|sinew; root *SirV
|sinew; root *SirV
|
|-
|
|single, first *sVnV ( ~ ś-, š-, ć`-)
|single, first *sVnV ( ~ ś-, š-, ć`-)
|
|-
|
|single; apart, asunder *sVnV ( ~ š-, c`-)
|single; apart, asunder *sVnV ( ~ š-, c`-)
|
|-
|
|sister, woman? *SäwCV
|sister, woman? *SäwCV
|
|-
|
|sister, woman? *SäwCV
|sister, woman? *SäwCV
|
|-
|
|skin *ḲaĺV
|skin *ḲaĺV
|
|-
|
|skin *ḲaĺV
|skin *ḲaĺV
|
|-
|
|skin *perV
|skin *perV
|
|-
|
|skin *perV
|skin *perV
|
|-
|
|skin *ṗVtV
|skin *ṗVtV
|
|-
|
|skin *ṗVtV
|skin *ṗVtV
|
|-
|
|skin *ṭVlV
|skin *ṭVlV
|
|-
|
|skin *ṭVlV
|skin *ṭVlV
|
|-
|
|skin, bark *pVkV
|skin, bark *pVkV
|
|-
|
|skin, crust, peel *kamV
|skin, crust, peel *kamV
|
|-
|
|skin, hair *ṭVwq̇V
|skin, hair *ṭVwq̇V
|
|-
|
|skin, hair on body *ṭVwq̇V
|skin, hair on body *ṭVwq̇V
|
|-
|
|skin, husk *kamV
|skin, husk *kamV
|
|-
|
|skull *ḳapV
|skull *ḳapV
|
|-
|
|sky, cloud *HaḳumV
|sky, cloud *HaḳumV
|
|-
|
|sky, cloud *HaḳumV
|sky, cloud *HaḳumV
|
|-
|
|slanting *kVCV
|slanting *kVCV
|
|-
|
|sleep *ʔamV
|sleep *ʔamV
|
|-
|
|slide, creep *[ʒ]VlV
|slide, creep *[ʒ]VlV
|
|-
|
|slime *SVlV
|slime *SVlV
|
|-
|
|slime, dirt *SVlV
|slime, dirt *SVlV
|
|-
|
|small *cVḳV
|small *cVḳV
|
|-
|
|small *CVḳV
|small *CVḳV
|
|-
|
|small *ḳVṭV
|small *ḳVṭV
|
|-
|
|small *ṭijV
|small *ṭijV
|
|-
|
|small bird *ciṗV
|small bird *ciṗV
|
|-
|
|small bird *ciṗV
|small bird *ciṗV
|
|-
|
|small female animal *ṗenV
|small female animal *ṗenV
|
|-
|
|small, thin, short *ṭVnV
|small, thin, short *ṭVnV
|
|-
|
|small, young *ḳVṭV
|small, young *ḳVṭV
|
|-
|
|small. child *pVwjV
|small. child *pVwjV
|
|-
|
|small. child *pVwjV
|small. child *pVwjV
|
|-
|
|smear *cwVHmV
|smear *cwVHmV
|
|-
|
|smear, fat *mVjrV
|smear, fat *mVjrV
|
|-
|
|smear, fat *mVjrV
|smear, fat *mVjrV
|
|-
|
|smear; fat *ć`ämV
|smear; fat *ć`ämV
|
|-
|
|smell *[s]VwHV
|smell *[s]VwHV
|
|-
|
|smell *ṗunV
|smell *ṗunV
|
|-
|
|smell *sun(g)V
|smell *sun(g)V
|
|-
|
|smell *śun(g)V
|smell *śun(g)V
|
|-
|
|smell, breathe, smoke *ṗunV
|smell, breathe, smoke *ṗunV
|
|-
|
|smile *mUc`V ( ~ -s-)
|smile *mUc`V ( ~ -s-)
|
|-
|
|smoke *ǯun[k]V
|smoke *ǯun[k]V
|
|-
|
|smoke *ǯun[k]V
|smoke *ǯun[k]V
|
|-
|
|smoke, cloud *nVbV
|smoke, cloud *nVbV
|
|-
|
|smoke, cloud *nVbV
|smoke, cloud *nVbV
|
|-
|
|smooth *gVlV
|smooth *gVlV
|
|-
|
|smth. sharp *CVNV
|smth. sharp *CVNV
|
|-
|
|snake *nētr- 'snake'
|snake *nētr- 'snake'
|
|-
|
|snake *ṗVjmV
|snake *ṗVjmV
|
|-
|
|snake *ʔanKV
|snake *ʔanKV
|
|-
|
|snake *ʔanKV
|snake *ʔanKV
|
|-
|
|snake, eel *lVmbV
|snake, eel *lVmbV
|
|-
|
|soft, fragile *lVmV
|soft, fragile *lVmV
|
|-
|
|soft, mild *mVlV
|soft, mild *mVlV
|
|-
|
|soft, weak *lVjńV
|soft, weak *lVjńV
|
|-
|
|soft, wet *LVṗV
|soft, wet *LVṗV
|
|-
|
|soft, wet *LVṗV
|soft, wet *LVṗV
|
|-
|
|soul, breath *mùsi 'steam, spirit'
|soul, breath *mùsi 'steam, spirit'
|
|-
|
|sour *CVwVrV
|sour *CVwVrV
|
|-
|
|sour, bitter *č`VmV
|sour, bitter *č`VmV
|
|-
|
|sour, ferment *sVḳV ( ~ ś-, š-, ć`-)
|sour, ferment *sVḳV ( ~ ś-, š-, ć`-)
|
|-
|
|span *ṭVgV
|span *ṭVgV
|
|-
|
|span *ṭVgV
|span *ṭVgV
|
|-
|
|speak, say, sound *jVnV
|speak, say, sound *jVnV
|
|-
|
|speak, sound *jVnV
|speak, sound *jVnV
|
|-
|
|spin, twist *ṗuNV
|spin, twist *ṗuNV
|
|-
|
|spin, twist *ṗuNV
|spin, twist *ṗuNV
|
|-
|
|spirit *cwVnV
|spirit *cwVnV
|
|-
|
|spit *ṭupV
|spit *ṭupV
|
|-
|
|spit *ṭupV
|spit *ṭupV
|
|-
|
|spit, fang *ḳiwHV
|spit, fang *ḳiwHV
|
|-
|
|spit, fang *ḳiwHV
|spit, fang *ḳiwHV
|spleen *lVṗV ?
|
|spleen *lVṗV ?
|-
|
|spleen *lVṗV
|
|-
|
|spleen *lVṗV
|
|-
|
|spleen *tV(H)ʎV
|spleen *tV(H)ʎV
|
|-
|
|spleen, liver *tV(H)ʎV
|spleen, liver *tV(H)ʎV
|
|-
|
|split *cVlV
|split *cVlV
|
|-
|
|split, tear off *CVlV
|split, tear off *CVlV
|
|-
|
|spread *ṗVrjV
|spread *ṗVrjV
|
|-
|
|spread, extend *CVχrV
|spread, extend *CVχrV
|
|-
|
|spread, long *pVdV
|spread, long *pVdV
|
|-
|
|spring *PVnV
|spring *PVnV
|
|-
|
|spring, flow *bira (*bujra)
|spring, flow *bira (*bujra)
|
|-
|
|spring, flow *bira (*bujra)
|spring, flow *bira (*bujra)
|
|-
|
|sprinkle *p`iSV
|sprinkle *p`iSV
|
|-
|
|sprinkle *p`isV
|sprinkle *p`isV
|
|-
|
|stalk *kanVbV
|stalk *kanVbV
|
|-
|
|stalk, peg *kanVbV
|stalk, peg *kanVbV
|
|-
|
|stand *čwVrV
|stand *čwVrV
|
|-
|
|star *dVštV
|star *dVštV
|
|-
|
|star, luminary *HVzwVrV
|star, luminary *HVzwVrV
|star, moon *dV[š]tV ?
|
|-
|
|star, moon *dV[š]tV
|
|-
|
|star, shine *HVźVrV
|star, shine *HVźVrV
|
|-
|
|stem, board *ṭVlV
|stem, board *ṭVlV
|
|-
|
|steppe, valley, meadow *ColV
|steppe, valley, meadow *ColV
|
|-
|
|steppe, valley, meadow *ColV
|steppe, valley, meadow *ColV
|
|-
|
|stick *bVč`V
|stick *bVč`V
|
|-
|
|stick *ḳVlV
|stick *ḳVlV
|
|-
|
|stick *ḳVlV
|stick *ḳVlV
|
|-
|
|stick into, pierce *bedV
|stick into, pierce *bedV
|
|-
|
|stick, pole *bVč`V
|stick, pole *bVč`V
|
|-
|
|stick, tree *ḳUrV
|stick, tree *ḳUrV
|
|-
|
|stick, tree *ḳUrV
|stick, tree *ḳUrV
|stomach, intestines *ḳVmV ?
|
|-
|
|stomach, intestines *ḳVmV
|
|-
|
|stone *ḳElV
|stone *ḳElV
|
|-
|
|stone *kiwV
|stone *kiwV
|
|-
|
|stone *ṭ/aj/lV
|stone *ṭ/aj/lV
|
|-
|
|stone *ṭ/aj/lV
|stone *ṭ/aj/lV
|
|-
|
|stone, hill *bVgV ( ~ -ɣ-)
|stone, hill *bVgV ( ~ -ɣ-)
|
|-
|
|stone, mountain *kiwV
|stone, mountain *kiwV
|
|-
|
|stone, rock *ḳElV
|stone, rock *ḳElV
|
|-
|
|storm *burV ( >> *p-)
|storm *burV ( >> *p-)
|
|-
|
|storm *burV ( >> *p-)
|storm *burV ( >> *p-)
|
|-
|
|stream, flow of water *Huwa
|stream, flow of water *Huwa
|
|-
|
|stream, flow of water *Huwa
|stream, flow of water *Huwa
|
|-
|
|stump *ṭumgV
|stump *ṭumgV
|
|-
|
|stump, trunk *ṭumgV
|stump, trunk *ṭumgV
|
|-
|
|suck *SUṗV
|suck *SUṗV
|
|-
|
|suck *zUkV
|suck *zUkV
|
|-
|
|suck, swallow *muḳV swallow, gobble
|suck, swallow *muḳV swallow, gobble
|
|-
|
|sufficient, complete *eli
|sufficient, complete *eli
|
|-
|
|sun *si̯aχu (-ɣ-)
|sun *si̯aχu (-ɣ-)
|
|-
|
|sun *si̯aχu (-ɣ-)
|sun *si̯aχu (-ɣ-)
|sun, day *daŋ 'dawn'; PJ (Ryukyu) *tianta 'sun'
|
|-
|
|sun, day *daŋ 'dawn'; *tianta 'sun'
|
|-
|
|swamp *laHm[u]
|swamp *laHm[u]
|
|-
|
|swamp *laHm[u]
|swamp *laHm[u]
|
|-
|
|sweep *šwxVjṗV
|sweep *šwxVjṗV
|
|-
|
|sweet *cwVtu
|sweet *cwVtu
|
|-
|
|sweet, tasty *cwVtu
|sweet, tasty *cwVtu
|
|-
|
|tail *ḳudV
|tail *ḳudV
|
|-
|
|tail *ḳudV
|tail *ḳudV
|
|-
|
|tail *toḳE
|tail *toḳE
|
|-
|
|tail *toḳE
|tail *toḳE
|
|-
|
|tail, (long) hair *ṗVńcwV ( ~ -ćw−,−č𝑤-,-čw-, -ǯ-)
|tail, (long) hair *ṗVńcwV ( ~ -ćw−,−č𝑤-,-čw-, -ǯ-)
|
|-
|
|tail, back *śVrV back
|tail, back *śVrV back
|
|-
|
|take *ga
|take *ga
|
|-
|
|take *ʔanV
|take *ʔanV
|
|-
|
|take, bring *gerV
|take, bring *gerV
|
|-
|
|take, bring *tVKV
|take, bring *tVKV
|
|-
|
|take, carry *ʔVpV
|take, carry *ʔVpV
|
|-
|
|take, get *gVṭV
|take, get *gVṭV
|
|-
|
|take, grasp *kantV
|take, grasp *kantV
|
|-
|
|take, seize *ʔVpV
|take, seize *ʔVpV
|
|-
|
|taste *ṭVHmV
|taste *ṭVHmV
|
|-
|
|taste *xamV, *xamŋV; *xamŋV 'mouth'
|taste *xamV, *xamŋV; *xamŋV 'mouth'
|
|-
|
|temple, hair on temple *cVḳV
|temple, hair on temple *cVḳV
|ten, many *ṗV(H)- ?
|
|-
|
|ten, many *ṗV(H)-
|
|-
|
|tent *ʔU[ṭ]V
|tent *ʔU[ṭ]V
|
|-
|
|testicle *ḳoĺV
|testicle *ḳoĺV
|
|-
|
|testiculus *ḳoĺV
|testiculus *ḳoĺV
|
|-
|
|that, that near *ʔVbV
|that, that near *ʔVbV
|
|-
|
|that, this *ʔa (*ʔe)
|that, this *ʔa (*ʔe)
|
|-
|
|that, this *ʔu
|that, this *ʔu
|
|-
|
|that, this *ʔu
|that, this *ʔu
|
|-
|
|that, this *ʔa (*ʔe) (prob. *Ha that, *He this)
|that, this *ʔa (*ʔe) (prob. *Ha that, *He this)
|
|-
|
|thick *ṭujV (*ṭVwjV)
|thick *ṭujV (*ṭVwjV)
|
|-
|
|thick *ṭVkV
|thick *ṭVkV
|
|-
|
|thick, full *ṭVkV
|thick, full *ṭVkV
|
|-
|
|thick, swell *bongä
|thick, swell *bongä
|
|-
|
|thick, swell *bongä
|thick, swell *bongä
|
|-
|
|thigh *bVgtV
|thigh *bVgtV
|
|-
|
|thigh *bVgtV
|thigh *bVgtV
|thigh, leg (?) *ṗVǯkV
|
|-
|
|thigh, leg *ṗVǯkV
|
|-
|
|thigh, rump *ṗVǯkV
|thigh, rump *ṗVǯkV
|
|-
|
|thin *cUṗV
|thin *cUṗV
|
|-
|
|thin *ṭVnV
|thin *ṭVnV
|
|-
|
|thin, narrow *ćUṗV
|thin, narrow *ćUṗV
|
|-
|
|thing *HVdV
|thing *HVdV
|
|-
|
|thing; interrog. stem *HVdV
|thing; interrog. stem *HVdV
|
|-
|
|third person pronoun *sV
|third person pronoun *sV
|
|-
|
|this *cV ( ~ č-)
|this *cV ( ~ č-)
|
|-
|
|this *cV ( ~ č-, ć-)
|this *cV ( ~ č-, ć-)
|
|-
|
|this *ḳV
|this *ḳV
|
|-
|
|this *ʔi (*hi)
|this *ʔi (*hi)
|
|-
|
|this *ʔi (*hi)
|this *ʔi (*hi)
|
|-
|
|thorn *ʒwVgV
|thorn *ʒwVgV
|
|-
|
|thorn *ʒ́wVgV
|thorn *ʒ́wVgV
|
|-
|
|thorny bush *NEḳrV
|thorny bush *NEḳrV
|
|-
|
|thou (obl. forms?) [second p. pronoun] *χwV
|thou (obl. forms?) [second p. pronoun] *χwV
|
|-
|
|thou [second p. pronoun] *nV thou
|thou [second p. pronoun] *nV thou
|
|-
|
|thou [second p. pronoun] *ṭ[u]
|thou [second p. pronoun] *ṭ[u]
|
|-
|
|throat *HVŋV
|throat *HVŋV
|
|-
|
|throat, intestines *kUṭV
|throat, intestines *kUṭV
|
|-
|
|throat, swallow *kUlV
|throat, swallow *kUlV
|
|-
|
|throat, to swallow *kUlV
|throat, to swallow *kUlV
|
|-
|
|tickle *cVḳV
|tickle *cVḳV
|
|-
|
|tie, weave *tVḳV
|tie, weave *tVḳV
|
|-
|
|tip, spout *CVCV
|tip, spout *CVCV
|
|-
|
|tip, spout *čVčV
|tip, spout *čVčV
|
|-
|
|to approach, follow *ŋāńi
|to approach, follow *ŋāńi
|
|-
|
|to ask, pray *ṗVrXV
|to ask, pray *ṗVrXV
|
|-
|
|to ask, pray *ṗVrXV
|to ask, pray *ṗVrXV
|
|-
|
|to bare teeth *mUCV
|to bare teeth *mUCV
|
|-
|
|to be *buHi
|to be *buHi
|
|-
|
|to be *woɣlV
|to be *woɣlV
|
|-
|
|to be *woɣlV
|to be *woɣlV
|to be *ʔa ?
|
|to be *ʔa ?
|-
|
|to be *ʔa
|
|-
|
|to be *ʔa
|
|-
|
|to be *ʔesA
|to be *ʔesA
|
|-
|
|to be *ʔesA
|to be *ʔesA
|
|-
|
|to be angry *kVCV
|to be angry *kVCV
|
|-
|
|to be angry, hostile *kVCV
|to be angry, hostile *kVCV
|
|-
|
|to be completed, exhausted *ṭVkV
|to be completed, exhausted *ṭVkV
|
|-
|
|to be lost, exhausted *ṭVkV
|to be lost, exhausted *ṭVkV
|
|-
|
|to be mad, stupid *buḳV
|to be mad, stupid *buḳV
|
|-
|
|to be visible *HwVlV
|to be visible *HwVlV
|
|-
|
|to be well *c`olHV
|to be well *c`olHV
|
|-
|
|to be well *ColHV
|to be well *ColHV
|
|-
|
|to be, live *ʔelA
|to be, live *ʔelA
|
|-
|
|to be, live *ʔelA
|to be, live *ʔelA
|
|-
|
|to bear *š[e]wV
|to bear *š[e]wV
|
|-
|
|to bear *š[e]wV
|to bear *š[e]wV
|
|-
|
|to bear *ṭVlV
|to bear *ṭVlV
|
|-
|
|to bear, lift *ṭVlV
|to bear, lift *ṭVlV
|
|-
|
|to beat *ṗVṭV
|to beat *ṗVṭV
|
|-
|
|to beat *ṗVṭV
|to beat *ṗVṭV
|
|-
|
|to beat, hit *ḳVwχV
|to beat, hit *ḳVwχV
|
|-
|
|to bend *büḲa
|to bend *büḲa
|
|-
|
|to bend *cVḳV
|to bend *cVḳV
|
|-
|
|to bend *Garḳu
|to bend *Garḳu
|
|-
|
|to bend *Garḳu
|to bend *Garḳu
|
|-
|
|to bend *guḳa
|to bend *guḳa
|
|-
|
|to bend *guḳa
|to bend *guḳa
|
|-
|
|to bend *güpA
|to bend *güpA
|to bend *ḳVlV ?
|
|-
|
|to bend *ḳVlV
|
|-
|
|to bend *ḳVŋV
|to bend *ḳVŋV
|
|-
|
|to bend *ɫoŋḳa
|to bend *ɫoŋḳa
|
|-
|
|to bend, bow *ɫoŋḳa
|to bend, bow *ɫoŋḳa
|
|-
|
|to bend, turn *KUrV
|to bend, turn *KUrV
|
|-
|
|to bend; hump, heap *güpA
|to bend; hump, heap *güpA
|
|-
|
|to bind, girdle *KuTV
|to bind, girdle *KuTV
|
|-
|
|to bind, harness *taxlwV
|to bind, harness *taxlwV
|
|-
|
|to bite *kikV
|to bite *kikV
|
|-
|
|to bite, taste *ṭVHmV
|to bite, taste *ṭVHmV
|
|-
|
|to blink, shine, shade *c`ajV
|to blink, shine, shade *c`ajV
|
|-
|
|to blink, shine, shade *CajV
|to blink, shine, shade *CajV
|
|-
|
|to blow *dVwɣV
|to blow *dVwɣV
|
|-
|
|to blow *p`uSV
|to blow *p`uSV
|
|-
|
|to blow *p`uSV
|to blow *p`uSV
|
|-
|
|to blow *ṗuɣV
|to blow *ṗuɣV
|
|-
|
|to blow *ṗuɣV
|to blow *ṗuɣV
|
|-
|
|to blow, shake *dVwɣV
|to blow, shake *dVwɣV
|
|-
|
|to blow, winnow *Hewa
|to blow, winnow *Hewa
|
|-
|
|to blow, winnow *Hewa
|to blow, winnow *Hewa
|
|-
|
|to boil, foam *ḳüpä
|to boil, foam *ḳüpä
|
|-
|
|to boil, foam *ḳüpä
|to boil, foam *ḳüpä
|
|-
|
|to boil, roast *gVbV
|to boil, roast *gVbV
|
|-
|
|to bore, dig *lUŋ(k)V
|to bore, dig *lUŋ(k)V
|
|-
|
|to bow, bend *cVḳV
|to bow, bend *cVḳV
|
|-
|
|to break, crumble *ṗVSV
|to break, crumble *ṗVSV
|
|-
|
|to break, cut, wound *ʔVrHwV
|to break, cut, wound *ʔVrHwV
|
|-
|
|to break, scatter, tear *ʔVrHwV
|to break, scatter, tear *ʔVrHwV
|
|-
|
|to breathe *HwinV
|to breathe *HwinV
|
|-
|
|to breathe *ʔanqV
|to breathe *ʔanqV
|
|-
|
|to breathe *ʔanqV
|to breathe *ʔanqV
|
|-
|
|to burn */ḳ/alV
|to burn */ḳ/alV
|to burn *ć`wVwV (?*HVwć'wV)
|
|to burn *cwVwV (?*HVwcwV)
|-
|
|to burn *ć`wVwV (*HVwć'wV)
|
|-
|
|to burn *cwVwV (*HVwcwV)
|
|-
|
|to burn *dekO
|to burn *dekO
|
|-
|
|to burn *dekO
|to burn *dekO
|
|-
|
|to burn *Hase
|to burn *Hase
|
|-
|
|to burn *HaSe
|to burn *HaSe
|
|-
|
|to burn *ḳVńV
|to burn *ḳVńV
|
|-
|
|to burn *ṗVdwV
|to burn *ṗVdwV
|
|-
|
|to burn *ṭülV
|to burn *ṭülV
|
|-
|
|to burn, bake *kVwrV
|to burn, bake *kVwrV
|
|-
|
|to burn, bake *kVwrV
|to burn, bake *kVwrV
|
|-
|
|to burn, boil *ḳVju
|to burn, boil *ḳVju
|
|-
|
|to burn, flash *CVlV
|to burn, flash *CVlV
|
|-
|
|to burn, heat *gVbV
|to burn, heat *gVbV
|
|-
|
|to burn, sun *nVjV
|to burn, sun *nVjV
|
|-
|
|to burst, split (many roots) *paḳV
|to burst, split (many roots) *paḳV
|to call *CVḥV (?)
|
|-
|
|to call *CVḥV
|
|-
|
|to call *gVjwV
|to call *gVjwV
|
|-
|
|to call *gVjwV
|to call *gVjwV
|
|-
|
|to call *ḳErV
|to call *ḳErV
|
|-
|
|to call *ḳErV
|to call *ḳErV
|
|-
|
|to care *č`VrV
|to care *č`VrV
|
|-
|
|to care *čVrV
|to care *čVrV
|
|-
|
|to change, borrow *HVrV
|to change, borrow *HVrV
|
|-
|
|to change, distribute *HVrV
|to change, distribute *HVrV
|
|-
|
|to chew *käjwV (?-b-)
|to chew *käjwV (?-b-)
|
|-
|
|to collect, count *lVkV
|to collect, count *lVkV
|
|-
|
|to collect, count *lVkV
|to collect, count *lVkV
|
|-
|
|to collect, put *ṗanV
|to collect, put *ṗanV
|
|-
|
|to complete *muṭV
|to complete *muṭV
|
|-
|
|to cover *ḳa(j)dV
|to cover *ḳa(j)dV
|
|-
|
|to cover, protect *ḳVrV
|to cover, protect *ḳVrV
|
|-
|
|to covet sexually *gʷVnV
|to covet sexually *gʷVnV
|
|-
|
|to covet sexually *gʷVnV
|to covet sexually *gʷVnV
|
|-
|
|to cross, other side *aĺV
|to cross, other side *aĺV
|
|-
|
|to crush *pi(u)čV
|to crush *pi(u)čV
|
|-
|
|to crush, press *ṗVjńV
|to crush, press *ṗVjńV
|
|-
|
|to crush, squeeze *pi(u)CV
|to crush, squeeze *pi(u)CV
|
|-
|
|to cry *muɣrV
|to cry *muɣrV
|
|-
|
|to cry, shout *ḳVwV
|to cry, shout *ḳVwV
|
|-
|
|to curse, be angry *jVrV
|to curse, be angry *jVrV
|
|-
|
|to cut *ɣVcV ( ~ -c`-)
|to cut *ɣVcV ( ~ -c`-)
|
|-
|
|to cut *ɣVčV ( ~ -č`-)
|to cut *ɣVčV ( ~ -č`-)
|
|-
|
|to cut *ḳVć`V
|to cut *ḳVć`V
|
|-
|
|to cut *mVc`V
|to cut *mVc`V
|to cut *ṭanV ?
|
|-
|
|to cut *ṭanV
|
|-
|
|to cut, hit, saw *ṗVwV
|to cut, hit, saw *ṗVwV
|
|-
|
|to cut, hit, saw *ṗVwV
|to cut, hit, saw *ṗVwV
|to cut, knife *kVlV ?
|
|-
|
|to cut, knife *kVlV
|
|-
|
|to cut, sharp *CarV
|to cut, sharp *CarV
|
|-
|
|to cut, split *sVḳV
|to cut, split *sVḳV
|
|-
|
|to cut, split *śVḳV
|to cut, split *śVḳV
|
|-
|
|to cut, tear *mVCV
|to cut, tear *mVCV
|
|-
|
|to deceive *tVlV
|to deceive *tVlV
|
|-
|
|to die, kill *KolV
|to die, kill *KolV
|
|-
|
|to dig, hack *ḳVṗV
|to dig, hack *ḳVṗV
|
|-
|
|to divide, cut in half *palV
|to divide, cut in half *palV
|
|-
|
|to drink *jVgU
|to drink *jVgU
|
|-
|
|to drink, flow *tVrV
|to drink, flow *tVrV
|
|-
|
|to dry *KVmV
|to dry *KVmV
|
|-
|
|to dry *šwVrV
|to dry *šwVrV
|
|-
|
|to dry *šwVrV
|to dry *šwVrV
|
|-
|
|to dry up, extinguish *sun(d)V ( ~ š-)
|to dry up, extinguish *sun(d)V ( ~ š-)
|
|-
|
|to eat *ʒeGV
|to eat *ʒeGV
|
|-
|
|to eat *ʒeGV
|to eat *ʒeGV
|
|-
|
|to eat *ʔitV
|to eat *ʔitV
|
|-
|
|to eat *ʔitV
|to eat *ʔitV
|
|-
|
|to eat, gulp *ḳVmV
|to eat, gulp *ḳVmV
|
|-
|
|to eat, gulp *ḳVmV
|to eat, gulp *ḳVmV
|
|-
|
|to enter, go *ŋēni
|to enter, go *ŋēni
|
|-
|
|to fall *ḳVtV
|to fall *ḳVtV
|
|-
|
|to fall *ṗeṭV
|to fall *ṗeṭV
|
|-
|
|to fall, (down) *ṗeṭV
|to fall, (down) *ṗeṭV
|
|-
|
|to fall, fly *ṗVjlV
|to fall, fly *ṗVjlV
|
|-
|
|to fall, soar *ṗVjlV
|to fall, soar *ṗVjlV
|
|-
|
|to fear, be angry *belHi
|to fear, be angry *belHi
|
|-
|
|to fear, be scared *belHi
|to fear, be scared *belHi
|
|-
|
|to ferment, squeeze juice *zUkV
|to ferment, squeeze juice *zUkV
|
|-
|
|to fill, stuff *ṭVmV
|to fill, stuff *ṭVmV
|
|-
|
|to finish *ḳUdV
|to finish *ḳUdV
|
|-
|
|to finish *ḳUdV
|to finish *ḳUdV
|
|-
|
|to fit, be good *dUgV
|to fit, be good *dUgV
|
|-
|
|to fit, be good *ḳVnV
|to fit, be good *ḳVnV
|
|-
|
|to flash, shine *CVlV
|to flash, shine *CVlV
|
|-
|
|to flow, drip *CurV / *CorV
|to flow, drip *CurV / *CorV
|
|-
|
|to flow, drip *CurV / *CorV
|to flow, drip *CurV / *CorV
|
|-
|
|to flow, pour *tUKV
|to flow, pour *tUKV
|
|-
|
|to follow, send, leave *lVjḳV
|to follow, send, leave *lVjḳV
|
|-
|
|to follow, send, leave *lVjḳV
|to follow, send, leave *lVjḳV
|
|-
|
|to get *gVṭV
|to get *gVṭV
|
|-
|
|to give *be[rH]u
|to give *be[rH]u
|
|-
|
|to give *be[rH]u
|to give *be[rH]u
|
|-
|
|to give *cwVHV
|to give *cwVHV
|
|-
|
|to give *dwV[H]V
|to give *dwV[H]V
|
|-
|
|to give *dwV[H]V
|to give *dwV[H]V
|to give birth, family *KVmV ?
|
|-
|
|to give birth, family *KVmV
|
|-
|
|to gnaw *kVngV
|to gnaw *kVngV
|to go *gVwV / *gwVjV (?)
|
|-
|
|to go *gVwV / *gwVjV
|
|-
|
|to go *meŋV
|to go *meŋV
|
|-
|
|to go, come *ŋēni (cf. also *ŋāńi)
|to go, come *ŋēni (cf. also *ŋāńi)
|
|-
|
|to go, come *ʒ́wVHV
|to go, come *ʒ́wVHV
|
|-
|
|to go, come, drive *ʒwVHV
|to go, come, drive *ʒwVHV
|to go, follow *gVwV / *gwVjV (?)
|
|-
|
|to go, follow *gVwV / *gwVjV
|
|-
|
|to go, walk *mVrV
|to go, walk *mVrV
|
|-
|
|to grasp *HaṗV
|to grasp *HaṗV
|
|-
|
|to grasp *HaṗV
|to grasp *HaṗV
|
|-
|
|to grasp *ḳaṗV
|to grasp *ḳaṗV
|
|-
|
|to grasp *ḳaṗV
|to grasp *ḳaṗV
|
|-
|
|to grasp, seize *[p]itV
|to grasp, seize *[p]itV
|
|-
|
|to grow *zVr(d)V ( ~ *ʒ-)
|to grow *zVr(d)V ( ~ *ʒ-)
|
|-
|
|to grow, become *buHi
|to grow, become *buHi
|
|-
|
|to hang *tajV
|to hang *tajV
|to hang down; stand (?) *[s]VŋʒwV ?
|
|-
|
|to hang down; stand *[s]VŋʒwV
|
|-
|
|to harm, break *kUŋ[d]V
|to harm, break *kUŋ[d]V
|
|-
|
|to hate, be annoyed *CVrV
|to hate, be annoyed *CVrV
|
|-
|
|to hate, be annoyed *ǯVrV
|to hate, be annoyed *ǯVrV
|
|-
|
|to hear *ḳiwlV
|to hear *ḳiwlV
|
|-
|
|to hide, protect *ḳVrV
|to hide, protect *ḳVrV
|
|-
|
|to hide, secret *KuĺV
|to hide, secret *KuĺV
|
|-
|
|to hit, break *ḳVkV
|to hit, break *ḳVkV
|
|-
|
|to hit, push *mVqwV
|to hit, push *mVqwV
|
|-
|
|to hold *gerV
|to hold *gerV
|
|-
|
|to hold, seize *ʔanV
|to hold, seize *ʔanV
|
|-
|
|to howl, cry *wVlV
|to howl, cry *wVlV
|
|-
|
|to howl, cry *wVlV
|to howl, cry *wVlV
|
|-
|
|to join, together *anTV
|to join, together *anTV
|
|-
|
|to join, together *anTV
|to join, together *anTV
|
|-
|
|to jump, run *lVKV
|to jump, run *lVKV
|
|-
|
|to kindle, dry *ḳVs(w)V
|to kindle, dry *ḳVs(w)V
|
|-
|
|to know *cwVnV
|to know *cwVnV
|
|-
|
|to know *g(w)enV
|to know *g(w)enV
|
|-
|
|to know *g(w)enV
|to know *g(w)enV
|to know, consider *CVḥV (?)
|
|to know, think *ćwVnV (cf. also *sVnV)
|-
|
|to know, consider *CVḥV
|
|-
|
|to know, think *ćwVnV (also *sVnV)
|
|-
|
|to know, think *sVnV
|to know, think *sVnV
|
|-
|
|to lead *wetV
|to lead *wetV
|
|-
|
|to lead, to go *wetV (cf. also *dwVwV 'run')
|to lead, to go *wetV (cf. also *dwVwV 'run')
|
|-
|
|to let, agree *šVwV
|to let, agree *šVwV
|
|-
|
|to lick *l[a]pV
|to lick *l[a]pV
|
|-
|
|to lick *talV
|to lick *talV
|
|-
|
|to lick, swallow *lVm(ŋ)V
|to lick, swallow *lVm(ŋ)V
|
|-
|
|to lick; lip *l[a]pV
|to lick; lip *l[a]pV
|
|-
|
|to lie *ḳVwjV
|to lie *ḳVwjV
|
|-
|
|to lie, fall down *kVlV
|to lie, fall down *kVlV
|
|-
|
|to lie, sleep (also 'fall') *kVlV
|to lie, sleep (also 'fall') *kVlV
|
|-
|
|to listen, hear *alV
|to listen, hear *alV
|
|-
|
|to listen, hear *alV
|to listen, hear *alV
|
|-
|
|to live *ḥujV
|to live *ḥujV
|
|-
|
|to live *ḥujV
|to live *ḥujV
|
|-
|
|to look, show *tVjḳV
|to look, show *tVjḳV
|
|-
|
|to lose, hide *KuĺV
|to lose, hide *KuĺV
|
|-
|
|to make *wärV
|to make *wärV
|
|-
|
|to make *wärV
|to make *wärV
|to marry *KVmV ?
|
|-
|
|to marry *KVmV
|
|-
|
|to match, fit *ḳVnV
|to match, fit *ḳVnV
|
|-
|
|to melt, flow *dVnV
|to melt, flow *dVnV
|
|-
|
|to melt, flow *dVnV
|to melt, flow *dVnV
|to mix, join *kalV ?
|
|-
|
|to mix, join *kalV
|
|-
|
|to move *SVlV
|to move *SVlV
|
|-
|
|to move *SVlV
|to move *SVlV
|
|-
|
|to move quickly *ńowda
|to move quickly *ńowda
|
|-
|
|to move quickly, pursue *ńowda
|to move quickly, pursue *ńowda
|
|-
|
|to move, push *mVqwV
|to move, push *mVqwV
|
|-
|
|to move, step *ćeKV
|to move, step *ćeKV
|
|-
|
|to open, spread *ṗanCV
|to open, spread *ṗanCV
|
|-
|
|to open, spread *ʔaḳa
|to open, spread *ʔaḳa
|
|-
|
|to peel, naked *luku
|to peel, naked *luku
|
|-
|
|to pierce *CoḳV
|to pierce *CoḳV
|to pierce *CoḳV (cf. also *čVḳV)
|
|-
|
|to pierce *CoḳV (also *čVḳV)
|
|-
|
|to plait *źVḳV
|to plait *źVḳV
|
|-
|
|to plait, smth. plaited *zVḳV
|to plait, smth. plaited *zVḳV
|
|-
|
|to plait, weave *HUbV
|to plait, weave *HUbV
|
|-
|
|to plait, weave *HUbV
|to plait, weave *HUbV
|to plait, weave, rope (?) *rVCV
|
|-
|
|to plait, weave, rope *rVCV
|
|-
|
|to plant vertically *tIgwV
|to plant vertically *tIgwV
|
|-
|
|to polish, rub *ṗIḳV
|to polish, rub *ṗIḳV
|
|-
|
|to pour *L[ä]jV
|to pour *L[ä]jV
|
|-
|
|to pour *lVHwV
|to pour *lVHwV
|
|-
|
|to pour *ṗVHV to pour, drink
|to pour *ṗVHV to pour, drink
|
|-
|
|to pour, drink *ṗVHV
|to pour, drink *ṗVHV
|
|-
|
|to pour, drop *tUKV
|to pour, drop *tUKV
|
|-
|
|to pour, stream *ʒwVHlV
|to pour, stream *ʒwVHlV
|to prepare food *piCV ?
|
|to prepare food *piCV ?
|-
|
|to prepare food *piCV
|
|-
|
|to prepare food *piCV
|
|-
|
|to press, seize *ńamV
|to press, seize *ńamV
|
|-
|
|to press, seize *ńamV
|to press, seize *ńamV
|
|-
|
|to pull *ṭVnV
|to pull *ṭVnV
|
|-
|
|to pull, stretch *ṭVnV
|to pull, stretch *ṭVnV
|
|-
|
|to push, beat *nVq̇V
|to push, beat *nVq̇V
|
|-
|
|to push, beat *nVq̇V
|to push, beat *nVq̇V
|
|-
|
|to push, pull *ńukV
|to push, pull *ńukV
|
|-
|
|to put *dVʕV (*d[i]ɣV)
|to put *dVʕV (*d[i]ɣV)
|
|-
|
|to put *dVʕV (*d[i]ɣV)
|to put *dVʕV (*d[i]ɣV)
|
|-
|
|to put *ṗanV
|to put *ṗanV
|
|-
|
|to receive (+ bestow) *HVlV
|to receive (+ bestow) *HVlV
|to rise *kVdwV ?
|
|-
|
|to rise *kVdwV
|
|-
|
|to rise *kVdwV to rise
|to rise *kVdwV to rise
|
|-
|
|to rise, raise *ḲaLi
|to rise, raise *ḲaLi
|
|-
|
|to rise, raise *ḲaLi
|to rise, raise *ḲaLi
|
|-
|
|to rise; move, go *Horä
|to rise; move, go *Horä
|
|-
|
|to roll *HUlV
|to roll *HUlV
|
|-
|
|to roll *HUlV
|to roll *HUlV
|
|-
|
|to roll, twist *murV
|to roll, twist *murV
|
|-
|
|to rub, crumble *ṗVšV
|to rub, crumble *ṗVšV
|
|-
|
|to rub, scratch *ṗIḳV
|to rub, scratch *ṗIḳV
|
|-
|
|to run *dwVwV
|to run *dwVwV
|
|-
|
|to run *ḳacwV
|to run *ḳacwV
|
|-
|
|to run *ṭoKV
|to run *ṭoKV
|
|-
|
|to run *ṭoKV
|to run *ṭoKV
|
|-
|
|to run *ʔurKV
|to run *ʔurKV
|
|-
|
|to run, road *ṭVŕgV
|to run, road *ṭVŕgV
|
|-
|
|to say *tVHV
|to say *tVHV
|
|-
|
|to say, call *wVḳV
|to say, call *wVḳV
|
|-
|
|to say, pray *mVlV
|to say, pray *mVlV
|
|-
|
|to scatter *s(w)VcwV
|to scatter *s(w)VcwV
|
|-
|
|to scrape *ḳirV
|to scrape *ḳirV
|
|-
|
|to scrape *ḳirV; cf. also *gVrV scratch, *gVrVbV notch, sign
|to scrape *ḳirV; cf. also *gVrV scratch, *gVrVbV notch, sign
|
|-
|
|to scrape *ḳV[sw]V
|to scrape *ḳV[sw]V
|
|-
|
|to scratch *gVrV
|to scratch *gVrV
|
|-
|
|to scratch *xVḳV
|to scratch *xVḳV
|
|-
|
|to scratch *xVḳV
|to scratch *xVḳV
|
|-
|
|to see *ʔVwʒwV(HV)
|to see *ʔVwʒwV(HV)
|
|-
|
|to see, eye *silV
|to see, eye *silV
|
|-
|
|to see, eye *wEdwV
|to see, eye *wEdwV
|
|-
|
|to see, eye *ʔVnjV
|to see, eye *ʔVnjV
|
|-
|
|to see, guard *HwVjV
|to see, guard *HwVjV
|
|-
|
|to see, guard *HwVjV
|to see, guard *HwVjV
|
|-
|
|to see, inspect *silV
|to see, inspect *silV
|
|-
|
|to see, know *šVḳV
|to see, know *šVḳV
|
|-
|
|to see, know *šVḳV ( ~ *ć`w-)
|to see, know *šVḳV ( ~ *ć`w-)
|
|-
|
|to see, know, search *wEdwV
|to see, know, search *wEdwV
|
|-
|
|to see, perceive *ʔVwCV(HV) (cf. also *ʔincV)
|to see, perceive *ʔVwCV(HV) (cf. also *ʔincV)
|
|-
|
|to seize, press *[p]itV
|to seize, press *[p]itV
|
|-
|
|to shake *dVrV
|to shake *dVrV
|
|-
|
|to shine, be visible *nVkV
|to shine, be visible *nVkV
|
|-
|
|to shine, glitter, flash *laṗV
|to shine, glitter, flash *laṗV
|
|-
|
|to shout, sound *ḳVwV
|to shout, sound *ḳVwV
|
|-
|
|to sift *sVjHV
|to sift *sVjHV
|
|-
|
|to sink *č`VṗV
|to sink *č`VṗV
|
|-
|
|to sink *č`VṗV
|to sink *č`VṗV
|
|-
|
|to slide, creep *ʒVlV
|to slide, creep *ʒVlV
|to speak *ḥVwV (?)
|
|to speak *ḥVwV (?)
|-
|
|to speak *ḥVwV
|
|-
|
|to speak *ḥVwV
|
|-
|
|to speak *watV
|to speak *watV
|
|-
|
|to speak *watV
|to speak *watV
|
|-
|
|to speak, shout *sVjwV
|to speak, shout *sVjwV
|
|-
|
|to speak, shout *sVjwV ( ~ *ś-)
|to speak, shout *sVjwV ( ~ *ś-)
|
|-
|
|to speak, sound *muɣrV
|to speak, sound *muɣrV
|
|-
|
|to spin, plait *wVŕV ( ~ *HuŕV)
|to spin, plait *wVŕV ( ~ *HuŕV)
|
|-
|
|to spin, wind *KVrV
|to spin, wind *KVrV
|
|-
|
|to split, bore *lUŋ(k)V
|to split, bore *lUŋ(k)V
|
|-
|
|to spread *ṗVrjV
|to spread *ṗVrjV
|
|-
|
|to spread, long *pVdV
|to spread, long *pVdV
|to spread, strew *CVχrV ?
|
|-
|
|to spread, strew *CVχrV
|
|-
|
|to stand *čwVrV
|to stand *čwVrV
|to stand (?) *sVlV
|
|to stand, hang down (?) *sVŋʒ́V
|-
|
|to stand *sVlV
|
|-
|
|to stand, hang down *sVŋʒ́V
|
|-
|
|to stand, plant vertically *tIgwV
|to stand, plant vertically *tIgwV
|
|-
|
|to stand, rise *ŋwVkV
|to stand, rise *ŋwVkV
|
|-
|
|to stay *menV
|to stay *menV
|
|-
|
|to stay, be, stand *nV(w)HV
|to stay, be, stand *nV(w)HV
|
|-
|
|to stay, reside *menV
|to stay, reside *menV
|
|-
|
|to stick in, pierce *NEgV
|to stick in, pierce *NEgV
|
|-
|
|to stick in, pierce *NEgV
|to stick in, pierce *NEgV
|
|-
|
|to stir, mix *bulV
|to stir, mix *bulV
|
|-
|
|to stir, puddle *bulV
|to stir, puddle *bulV
|
|-
|
|to stretch, stand *nV(w)HV
|to stretch, stand *nV(w)HV
|
|-
|
|to strike fire *cVḳV ( ~ *č-)
|to strike fire *cVḳV ( ~ *č-)
|
|-
|
|to submerge *kUdV
|to submerge *kUdV
|
|-
|
|to suck *[c`w]VṗV
|to suck *[c`w]VṗV
|
|-
|
|to suck *ʔEmV
|to suck *ʔEmV
|to suck (?) *CVrbV
|
|-
|
|to suck *CVrbV
|
|-
|
|to suck, leech *[c]VrbV
|to suck, leech *[c]VrbV
|
|-
|
|to suffer *C(w)VHrV
|to suffer *C(w)VHrV
|
|-
|
|to suffer *c`VHrV
|to suffer *c`VHrV
|
|-
|
|to suffer *dVwV
|to suffer *dVwV
|
|-
|
|to suffer, die *dVwV
|to suffer, die *dVwV
|
|-
|
|to suffer, die *enV
|to suffer, die *enV
|
|-
|
|to suffer; pain *enV
|to suffer; pain *enV
|
|-
|
|to suffice, be full *cwalV
|to suffice, be full *cwalV
|
|-
|
|to swallow *HVṗV
|to swallow *HVṗV
|
|-
|
|to swallow *L[ü]ḳa
|to swallow *L[ü]ḳa
|
|-
|
|to swallow *L[ü]ḳa
|to swallow *L[ü]ḳa
|
|-
|
|to swallow *lVm(ŋ)V
|to swallow *lVm(ŋ)V
|
|-
|
|to swallow *Sem[H]V
|to swallow *Sem[H]V
|
|-
|
|to swallow *Sem[H]V
|to swallow *Sem[H]V
|
|-
|
|to swallow, drink *tVrV
|to swallow, drink *tVrV
|
|-
|
|to swallow, gobble *muḳV
|to swallow, gobble *muḳV
|
|-
|
|to swallow, throat *balʕ[u]
|to swallow, throat *balʕ[u]
|
|-
|
|to swallow, throat *gwVrV
|to swallow, throat *gwVrV
|
|-
|
|to swallow, throat *gwVrV
|to swallow, throat *gwVrV
|
|-
|
|to swallow, throat; pipe *balʕ[u]
|to swallow, throat; pipe *balʕ[u]
|
|-
|
|to sweep *swxVjṗV
|to sweep *swxVjṗV
|
|-
|
|to take *bari
|to take *bari
|
|-
|
|to take *bari
|to take *bari
|
|-
|
|to take *kantV
|to take *kantV
|
|-
|
|to take care of, honour *ʔVjsV
|to take care of, honour *ʔVjsV
|
|-
|
|to take, receive *HVlV
|to take, receive *HVlV
|to taste, eat *č`VmV ?
|
|-
|
|to taste, eat *č`VmV
|
|-
|
|to taste, sour *xamV
|to taste, sour *xamV
|
|-
|
|to tear, break, split *p`äŕ[a]
|to tear, break, split *p`äŕ[a]
|
|-
|
|to tear, break, split *p`äŕ[a]
|to tear, break, split *p`äŕ[a]
|
|-
|
|to tear, rip *ḳV[ǯ]V
|to tear, rip *ḳV[ǯ]V
|
|-
|
|to think *manu
|to think *manu
|
|-
|
|to think *manu
|to think *manu
|
|-
|
|to think, dream *ʒVm(ŋ)V
|to think, dream *ʒVm(ŋ)V
|
|-
|
|to tie, bind *ḳVńV
|to tie, bind *ḳVńV
|
|-
|
|to tie, bind *ḳVńV
|to tie, bind *ḳVńV
|
|-
|
|to tie, net *taxlwV
|to tie, net *taxlwV
|
|-
|
|to touch *tVKV
|to touch *tVKV
|
|-
|
|to trace *Koki
|to trace *Koki
|
|-
|
|to trace *Koki
|to trace *Koki
|
|-
|
|to tremble *dVrV
|to tremble *dVrV
|
|-
|
|to turn round *ṭurV
|to turn round *ṭurV
|
|-
|
|to turn round *ṭurV
|to turn round *ṭurV
|
|-
|
|to understand, brain (?) *ʔVŋV
|to understand, brain (?) *ʔVŋV
|
|-
|
|to understand, see *gUrV
|to understand, see *gUrV
|
|-
|
|to understand, see *gUrV
|to understand, see *gUrV
|
|-
|
|to urinate *swiḳV ( ~ šw-)
|to urinate *swiḳV ( ~ šw-)
|
|-
|
|to wake *[š]ehŕa
|to wake *[š]ehŕa
|
|-
|
|to wake *źwehŕa
|to wake *źwehŕa
|
|-
|
|to wake, become clear *ṭVlV
|to wake, become clear *ṭVlV
|to wake; see > eye (?) *ṭVlV
|
|-
|
|to wake; see > eye *ṭVlV
|
|-
|
|to walk, go *gVrV
|to walk, go *gVrV
|
|-
|
|to walk, run *gVrV
|to walk, run *gVrV
|
|-
|
|to walk, run *meŋV
|to walk, run *meŋV
|
|-
|
|to wash, soak *lVHwV
|to wash, soak *lVHwV
|
|-
|
|to weaken, disappear *mVjV
|to weaken, disappear *mVjV
|
|-
|
|to weaken, disappear *mVjV
|to weaken, disappear *mVjV
|
|-
|
|to wear out; weak, exhausted *lVCV
|to wear out; weak, exhausted *lVCV
|
|-
|
|to wear, put on *wVc`V
|to wear, put on *wVc`V
|
|-
|
|to weave (a lattice?) *rVcV ( ~ -c`-)
|to weave (a lattice?) *rVcV ( ~ -c`-)
|
|-
|
|to wink, eyelid *c`VmrV
|to wink, eyelid *c`VmrV
|
|-
|
|to wish *h/a/wV
|to wish *h/a/wV
|
|-
|
|to wish *wiʎ/g/V
|to wish *wiʎ/g/V
|
|-
|
|to wish *wiʎ/g/V
|to wish *wiʎ/g/V
|
|-
|
|to wish *h/a/wV
|to wish *h/a/wV
|
|-
|
|to wish, help *ʔVnV(jV)
|to wish, help *ʔVnV(jV)
|
|-
|
|to wish, let *šVwV
|to wish, let *šVwV
|
|-
|
|to worry, be stupid *buḳV
|to worry, be stupid *buḳV
|
|-
|
|to wound, kill *ʔewV
|to wound, kill *ʔewV
|
|-
|
|to wound, kill *ʔewV
|to wound, kill *ʔewV
|
|-
|
|tongue *tilV(ŋV)
|tongue *tilV(ŋV)
|
|-
|
|tongue *tilV(ŋV)
|tongue *tilV(ŋV)
|
|-
|
|tongue, to speak *Ḳä[lH]ä
|tongue, to speak *Ḳä[lH]ä
|
|-
|
|tongue, to speak *Ḳä[lH]ä
|tongue, to speak *Ḳä[lH]ä
|
|-
|
|tooth *palV
|tooth *palV
|
|-
|
|tooth *palV
|tooth *palV
|
|-
|
|tooth, peg *ɣoŋɣV
|tooth, peg *ɣoŋɣV
|
|-
|
|tooth, sharp edge *ḳVmbV
|tooth, sharp edge *ḳVmbV
|
|-
|
|tooth, sharp edge *ḳVmbV
|tooth, sharp edge *ḳVmbV
|
|-
|
|top *ḳVḳV
|top *ḳVḳV
|
|-
|
|top *ḳVḳV
|top *ḳVḳV
|
|-
|
|top *mVĺV
|top *mVĺV
|
|-
|
|top of head *KVmPV
|top of head *KVmPV
|
|-
|
|top of head *KVmPV
|top of head *KVmPV
|
|-
|
|top of head, hair *TUmV
|top of head, hair *TUmV
|
|-
|
|top of head, hair of head *TUmV
|top of head, hair of head *TUmV
|
|-
|
|top of head, horn *ḳirV
|top of head, horn *ḳirV
|
|-
|
|top, summit *cimu ( ~ č-, č`-)
|top, summit *cimu ( ~ č-, č`-)
|
|-
|
|touch, plaster *ṭaṗV
|touch, plaster *ṭaṗV
|touch, plaster, attach ? *ṭaṗV
|
|-
|
|touch, plaster, attach *ṭaṗV
|
|-
|
|tramp, step *ceKV
|tramp, step *ceKV
|
|-
|
|tree *ṗUjV
|tree *ṗUjV
|
|-
|
|tree *ṗUjV
|tree *ṗUjV
|
|-
|
|tree *widV
|tree *widV
|
|-
|
|tree, wood *dʷirV
|tree, wood *dʷirV
|
|-
|
|tree, wood *dʷirV
|tree, wood *dʷirV
|
|-
|
|twig, branch *c`UlV
|twig, branch *c`UlV
|twig, rod *šVṭV ?
|
|-
|
|twig, rod *šVṭV
|
|-
|
|twist *murV
|twist *murV
|
|-
|
|twist, weave *tVḳV
|twist, weave *tVḳV
|
|-
|
|two *malV
|two *malV
|
|-
|
|two *tuʔV ( ~ *tuq̇V)
|two *tuʔV ( ~ *tuq̇V)
|
|-
|
|two *tuʔV ( ~ *tuq̇V)
|two *tuʔV ( ~ *tuq̇V)
|
|-
|
|two / four / eight *NVlV
|two / four / eight *NVlV
|
|-
|
|two, pair *gagtV
|two, pair *gagtV
|
|-
|
|two, pair *jVŕV
|two, pair *jVŕV
|
|-
|
|two, pair *jVŕV
|two, pair *jVŕV
|
|-
|
|understand, brain *ʔVŋV
|understand, brain *ʔVŋV
|
|-
|
|ungulate *ʔirV
|ungulate *ʔirV
|
|-
|
|ungulate *ʔirV
|ungulate *ʔirV
|
|-
|
|upper part of chest, collarbone *kVŋkV
|upper part of chest, collarbone *kVŋkV
|
|-
|
|urine, urinate *swiḳV ( ~ šw-)
|urine, urinate *swiḳV ( ~ šw-)
|
|-
|
|valley *gowlV
|valley *gowlV
|
|-
|
|valley, deep *gowlV
|valley, deep *gowlV
|
|-
|
|vessel *kala
|vessel *kala
|
|-
|
|vessel *kala
|vessel *kala
|
|-
|
|vessel *ḳaṗV
|vessel *ḳaṗV
|
|-
|
|vessel *ḳaṗV
|vessel *ḳaṗV
|
|-
|
|vessel *ḳVwKV
|vessel *ḳVwKV
|
|-
|
|village *koṭV
|village *koṭV
|
|-
|
|village, house *koṭV
|village, house *koṭV
|
|-
|
|village, hut *ḳojmV
|village, hut *ḳojmV
|
|-
|
|vulva *p`u[ṭ]V
|vulva *p`u[ṭ]V
|
|-
|
|vulva *pVjcV ( ~ -č-)
|vulva *pVjcV ( ~ -č-)
|
|-
|
|wake *ṗuKdV
|wake *ṗuKdV
|
|-
|
|walk, roam, ford *kä[lH]V
|walk, roam, ford *kä[lH]V
|
|-
|
|walk, roam, ford *kä[lH]V
|walk, roam, ford *kä[lH]V
|walk, run, road (several roots? assimilations?) *ṭVŕgV
|
|-
|
|walk, run, road (several roots? assimilations) *ṭVŕgV
|
|-
|
|warm *kačV 'warm'
|warm *kačV 'warm'
|
|-
|
|warm *lVmV
|warm *lVmV
|
|-
|
|warm *ṭ[ä]pV
|warm *ṭ[ä]pV
|
|-
|
|warm *ṭ[ä]pV
|warm *ṭ[ä]pV
|wash *bVnV ?
|
|-
|
|wash *bVnV
|
|-
|
|wash *mVs(k)V ( ~ -ʒ-)
|wash *mVs(k)V ( ~ -ʒ-)
|
|-
|
|wash *mVś(k)V ( ~ -ʒ́-)
|wash *mVś(k)V ( ~ -ʒ́-)
|
|-
|
|wash, flow *HVrcV ( ~ -c`-)
|wash, flow *HVrcV ( ~ -c`-)
|water *bVnV ?
|
|-
|
|water *bVnV
|
|-
|
|water *wetV
|water *wetV
|
|-
|
|water *wetV
|water *wetV
|
|-
|
|water *ʕEḳu
|water *ʕEḳu
|
|-
|
|water *ʕEḳu
|water *ʕEḳu
|
|-
|
|water, pour *ʒwVHlV
|water, pour *ʒwVHlV
|
|-
|
|water, to submerge *kUdV
|water, to submerge *kUdV
|
|-
|
|water, wet *mEwV
|water, wet *mEwV
|
|-
|
|water, wet *mEwV
|water, wet *mEwV
|
|-
|
|we (pronoun) *wV
|we (pronoun) *wV
|
|-
|
|we, I [first p. pronoun] *wV we
|we, I [first p. pronoun] *wV we
|weak *HalV (cf. also *lVjV )
|
|-
|
|weak *HalV (cf. also *lVjV)
|
|-
|
|weak *lVjV
|weak *lVjV
|
|-
|
|weak *ṭVrV
|weak *ṭVrV
|
|-
|
|weak, lax *lVjńV
|weak, lax *lVjńV
|
|-
|
|weak, tired *HalV
|weak, tired *HalV
|
|-
|
|weak, tired, dead *ŋVwV
|weak, tired, dead *ŋVwV
|
|-
|
|weak, young *ṭVrV
|weak, young *ṭVrV
|
|-
|
|wear, dress *wVCV
|wear, dress *wVCV
|
|-
|
|weary, tired *ēco ( ~ -č-)
|weary, tired *ēco ( ~ -č-)
|
|-
|
|wet *(H)wiɫV
|wet *(H)wiɫV
|
|-
|
|wet *(H)wiɫV wet
|wet *(H)wiɫV wet
|
|-
|
|wet *mäŕä
|wet *mäŕä
|
|-
|
|wet *mäŕä
|wet *mäŕä
|
|-
|
|wet *mVk`V
|wet *mVk`V
|
|-
|
|what, interrogative pronoun *mV
|what, interrogative pronoun *mV
|
|-
|
|white *swVḳV ( ~ cw−,č𝑤-,čw-)
|white *swVḳV ( ~ cw−,č𝑤-,čw-)
|
|-
|
|white, clean *swVḳV ( ~ cw-,čw-)
|white, clean *swVḳV ( ~ cw-,čw-)
|
|-
|
|who *CV
|who *CV
|
|-
|
|who, what *ḳV
|who, what *ḳV
|
|-
|
|whole *ḳVĺwV
|whole *ḳVĺwV
|
|-
|
|whole, all, combine *ḳVĺwV
|whole, all, combine *ḳVĺwV
|
|-
|
|whole, full *ćwalV
|whole, full *ćwalV
|
|-
|
|wide *ṗaṭV
|wide *ṗaṭV
|
|-
|
|wide, open *ṗaṭV
|wide, open *ṗaṭV
|
|-
|
|willow *čwalV
|willow *čwalV
|
|-
|
|willow *čwalV
|willow *čwalV
|wind, to blow *CalV ?
|
|-
|
|wind, to blow *CalV
|
|-
|
|wing; arm *gara
|wing; arm *gara
|
|-
|
|winter ~ spring *PVnV
|winter ~ spring *PVnV
|
|-
|
|winter, cold *gImV
|winter, cold *gImV
|
|-
|
|winter, cold *gImV
|winter, cold *gImV
|
|-
|
|wish *ʔVnV(jV)
|wish *ʔVnV(jV)
|
|-
|
|wolf, dog *ḲüjnA
|wolf, dog *ḲüjnA
|
|-
|
|wolf, dog *ḲüjnA
|wolf, dog *ḲüjnA
|
|-
|
|woman *k/u/nV
|woman *k/u/nV
|
|-
|
|woman *k/u/nV
|woman *k/u/nV
|
|-
|
|woman, female *nVzV ( ~ -ʒ-)
|woman, female *nVzV ( ~ -ʒ-)
|
|-
|
|wood *widV
|wood *widV
|
|-
|
|worm *ḲorV
|worm *ḲorV
|
|-
|
|worm *ḲorV
|worm *ḲorV
|
|-
|
|worm *kuńV (if < *kuj-nV?)
|worm *kuńV (if < *kuj-nV?)
|
|-
|
|worm *mVṭV
|worm *mVṭV
|
|-
|
|worm *mVṭV
|worm *mVṭV
|
|-
|
|worm *ṗäri
|worm *ṗäri
|
|-
|
|worm *ṗäri
|worm *ṗäri
|
|-
|
|worm, insect *ḳwVŋV
|worm, insect *ḳwVŋV
|
|-
|
|worm, insect *ŋalmV
|worm, insect *ŋalmV
|
|-
|
|year *w[e]ṭV
|year *w[e]ṭV
|
|-
|
|year *w[e]ṭV
|year *w[e]ṭV
|
|-
|
|year, old *CVnV
|year, old *CVnV
|
|-
|
|year, old *zVnV
|year, old *zVnV
|
|-
|
|you *si
|you *si
|
|-
|
|young *bāla 'child, young'
|young *bāla 'child, young'
|
|-
|
|young animal, plant *ṭVlV
|young animal, plant *ṭVlV
|
|-
|
|young animal, plant *ṭVlV
|young animal, plant *ṭVlV
|
|-
|
|young male *majrV
|young male *majrV
|
|-
|
|young male *majrV
|young male *majrV
|
|-
|
|young man *ḳacV ( ~ -c`-)
|young man *ḳacV ( ~ -c`-)
|
|-
|
|young of animals *ḳʷVŕV
|young of animals *ḳʷVŕV
|
|-
|
|young of animals *ḳʷVŕV
|young of animals *ḳʷVŕV
|
|
Caesar05
174

edits

Retrieved from "https://linguifex.com/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/372787"