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Standard Average Indo-European: Difference between revisions
Standard Average Indo-European (view source)
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|familycolor = Indo-European | |familycolor = Indo-European | ||
|fam2 = Proto-Indo-European | |fam2 = Proto-Indo-European | ||
|clcr = qie | |||
|creator = tradespin | |creator = tradespin | ||
|script1 = Latn | |script1 = Latn | ||
<!--|agency = | <!--|agency = SAvIE Standardization Group--> | ||
|notice = IPA | |notice = IPA | ||
}} | }} | ||
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pr̥Hwâ | pr̥Hwâ | ||
pr̥Hwôs | |||
pr̥Hwóm | pr̥Hwóm | ||
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pr̥Hwâs | pr̥Hwâs | ||
pr̥Hwôsjo | |||
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pr̥Hwâs | pr̥Hwâs | ||
pr̥Hwôjes | |||
pr̥Hwâ | pr̥Hwâ | ||
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pr̥Hwâōm | pr̥Hwâōm | ||
pr̥Hwôjōm | |||
|} | |} | ||
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tritâ | tritâ | ||
tritôs | |||
tritóm | tritóm | ||
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tritâs | tritâs | ||
tritôsjo | |||
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tísres | tísres | ||
trêjes | |||
trî | trî | ||
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tritâs | tritâs | ||
tritôjes | |||
tritâ | tritâ | ||
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tritâōm | tritâōm | ||
tritôjōm | |||
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qetwr̥tâ | qetwr̥tâ | ||
qetwr̥tôs | |||
qetwr̥tóm | qetwr̥tóm | ||
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qetwr̥tâs | qetwr̥tâs | ||
qetwr̥tôsjo | |||
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qetwr̥tâs | qetwr̥tâs | ||
qetwr̥tôsjo | |||
qetwr̥tâ | qetwr̥tâ | ||
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qetwr̥tâōm | qetwr̥tâōm | ||
qetwr̥tôjōm | |||
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== 8.8 Larger numbers == | == 8.8 Larger numbers == | ||
The numbers 100 and 1,000 are '''ḱm̥tóm''' and '''(sm̥)ǵhéslom''' '''~''' '''tûsonts'''. '''ḱm̥tóm''' and '''(sm̥)ǵhéslom''' are invariable, whereas '''tûsonts''' declines as a regular '''-onts''' noun or adjective. Their ordinal forms are '''ḱm̥tontós''' "hundredth" and '''(sm̥) | The numbers 100 and 1,000 are '''ḱm̥tóm''' and '''(sm̥)ǵhéslom''' '''~''' '''tûsonts'''. '''ḱm̥tóm''' and '''(sm̥)ǵhéslom''' are invariable, whereas '''tûsonts''' declines as a regular '''-onts''' noun or adjective. Their ordinal forms are '''ḱm̥tontós''' "hundredth" and '''(sm̥)ǵheslontós''' '''~''' '''tūsontós''' "thousandth". | ||
A derivative of '''(sm̥)ǵhéslom''', combined with the augmentative suffix, giving '''(sm̥) | A derivative of '''(sm̥)ǵhéslom''', combined with the augmentative suffix, giving '''(sm̥)ǵhéslHonom''' (shortened from ''*(sm̥)ǵhésloHonom'') is used to mean "million" with the ordinal form '''(sm̥)ǵheslōntós'''; further derivation gives '''disǵhéslHonom''' (ordinal form '''disǵheslōntós'''), meaning "billion" and '''trisǵhéslHonom''' (ordinal form '''trisǵheslōntós''') for "trillion". Prefix forms can be used even further, giving simple prefixes up to '''deḱm̥ǵhéslHonom''' "decillion", and much greater numbers up to '''Hnéwn̥dḱomtHnéwn̥ǵhéslHonom''' for "novemnonagintillion". | ||
The connector '''He''' should only be used between tens and units of each group of three numbers. So, the number '''987,654,321''' would be represented as '''Hnéwn̥ ḱm̥tóm Hoḱtodḱómt <u>He</u> septḿ̥ | The connector '''He''' should only be used between tens and units of each group of three numbers. So, the number '''987,654,321''' would be represented as '''Hnéwn̥ ḱm̥tóm Hoḱtodḱómt <u>He</u> septḿ̥ ǵhéslHonā, swéḱs ḱm̥tóm penqedḱómt <u>He</u> qetwôr túsontH, trî ḱm̥tóm (d)wídḱm̥ti <u>He</u> Hójnom'''. | ||
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== 8.11 Collective forms == | == 8.11 Collective forms == | ||
A collective numeral is one which specifies "a group of X". The first form is '''dwôdwō''', meaning "pair". The rest are formed by suffixing '''-ō''' to the prefix form of a number, with an intervening '''-l-''' (as if from '''-lós''') to prevent hiatus. The stress falls on the prefix in the nominative-vocative-accusative, and the ending in the oblique, as expected for '''-ō'''. This gives '''tríō''' "trio, threesome", '''qetwŕ̥ō''' "quartet, foursome", '''qénqelō''' "quintet, fivesome", '''swéḱsō''' "sextet", '''septḿ̥ō''' "septet", '''(H)oḱtólō''' "octet", '''Hnéwnō''' "nonet", and '''déḱmō''' "dectet". Using prefixed numbers makes forms such as '''dwidéḱmō''' "dozen". The larger numbers give '''ḱm̥tolō''' "group of a hundred", '''(sm̥)ǵhéslō ~ tûsontō''' "group of a thousand", and '''(sm̥) | A collective numeral is one which specifies "a group of X". The first form is '''dwôdwō''', meaning "pair". The rest are formed by suffixing '''-ō''' to the prefix form of a number, with an intervening '''-l-''' (as if from '''-lós''') to prevent hiatus. The stress falls on the prefix in the nominative-vocative-accusative, and the ending in the oblique, as expected for '''-ō'''. This gives '''tríō''' "trio, threesome", '''qetwŕ̥ō''' "quartet, foursome", '''qénqelō''' "quintet, fivesome", '''swéḱsō''' "sextet", '''septḿ̥ō''' "septet", '''(H)oḱtólō''' "octet", '''Hnéwnō''' "nonet", and '''déḱmō''' "dectet". Using prefixed numbers makes forms such as '''dwidéḱmō''' "dozen". The larger numbers give '''ḱm̥tolō''' "group of a hundred", '''(sm̥)ǵhéslō ~ tûsontō''' "group of a thousand", and '''(sm̥)ǵhéslHonō''' "group of a million" with derivatives thereof. | ||
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| style="text-align: center;"| '''Sound''' | | style="text-align: center;"| '''Sound''' | ||
| style="text-align: center;"| '''Graph''' | | style="text-align: center;"| '''Graph''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="text-align: center;"| /f/ | | style="text-align: center;"| /f/ | ||
| style="text-align: center;"| ⟨f⟩ | | style="text-align: center;"| ⟨f⟩ | ||