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User:Oyen/Proto-Vidic: Difference between revisions
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==Phonology== | |||
===Consonants=== | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" | |||
|+ Consonants | |||
|- | |||
! !! [[w:Labial consonant|Labial]] !! [[w:Dental consonant|Dental]] !! [[w:Postalveolar consonant|(Post-)]][[w:Alveolar consonant|Alveolar]] !! [[w:Palatal consonant|Palatal]] !! [[w:Velar consonant|Velar]] | |||
|- | |||
! style="font-weight: bold;" | [[w:Nasal consonant|Nasal]] | |||
! style="background: none; font-weight: normal;" | m <m> | |||
|| || n <n> || || | |||
|- | |||
! style="font-weight: bold;" | [[w:Plosive consonant|Plosive]] | |||
! style="background: none; font-weight: normal;" | p <p> b <b> | |||
|| || t <t> d <t> || || k <k> kʷ <kw> g <g> | |||
|- | |||
! style="font-weight: bold;" | [[w:Fricative consonant|Fricative]] | |||
! style="background: none; font-weight: normal;" | ɸ <f> β <v> | |||
|| θ <þ> ð <ð> || s <s> [z] || || x <h> ɣ <ɣ> | |||
|- | |||
! style="font-weight: bold;" | [[w:Approximant consonant|Approximant]] | |||
! style="background: none; font-weight: normal;" | w <w> | |||
|| || || j <y> || w <w> | |||
|- | |||
! style="font-weight: bold;" | [[w:Rhotic consonant|Rhotic]] | |||
! style="background: none; font-weight: normal;" | | |||
|| || r <r> || || | |||
|- | |||
! style="font-weight: bold;" | [[w:Lateral consonant|Lateral]] | |||
! style="background: none; font-weight: normal;" | | |||
|| || l <l> || || | |||
|} | |||
===Vowels=== | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" | |||
|+ Vowels | |||
|- | |||
! !! [[w:Front vowel|Front]] !! [[w:Back vowel|Back]] | |||
|- | |||
! style="font-weight: bold;" | [[w:Close vowel|Close]] | |||
! style="background: none; font-weight: normal;" | i <i> i: <ī> i:: <î> | |||
|| u <u> u: <ū> u:: <û> | |||
|- | |||
! style="font-weight: bold;" | [[w:Close-mid vowel|Close-Mid]] | |||
! style="background: none; font-weight: normal;" | e <e> e: <ē> e:: <ê> | |||
|| o <o> o: <ō> o:: <ô> | |||
|- | |||
! style="font-weight: bold;" | [[w:Near-open vowel|Near-open]] | |||
! style="background: none; font-weight: normal;" | æ <æ> æ: <ǣ> æ:: <æ̂> | |||
|| | |||
|- | |||
! style="font-weight: bold;" | [[w:Open vowel|Open]] | |||
! style="background: none; font-weight: normal;" | | |||
|| ɑ <a> ɑ: <ā> ɑ:: <â> | |||
|} | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|+ Diphthongs | |||
|- | |||
! !! -u̯ !! -i̯ | |||
|- | |||
| ɑ- || ɑu̯ <au> || | |||
|- | |||
| ɑ:- || ɑ:u̯ <āu> || | |||
|- | |||
| u- || || ui̯ <ui> | |||
|- | |||
| u:- || || u:i̯ <ūi> | |||
|- | |||
| i- || iu̯ <iu> || | |||
|- | |||
| i:- || i:u̯ <īu> || | |||
|} | |||
== Grammar == | |||
=== Syntax === | |||
Proto-Vidic was an SOV language, meaning that the language operated by placing the Subject, then the Object, and lastly the verb. | |||
The placement of noun modifiers around a noun is very strict and adheres to the following order: | |||
# Preposition | |||
# Demonstrative | |||
# Possessive | |||
# Genitive clause | |||
# Numeral | |||
# Adjective | |||
# Noun | |||
# Relative clause | |||
Proto-Vidic, unlike its [[Proto-West-Vidic|western descendant]] uses SV-inversion for yes/no questions. Other types of questions are typically asked using interrogative pronouns (e.g. "what", "who"). | |||
[[Category:Vidic_languages]] | [[Category:Vidic_languages]] | ||