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Dicontu Grandiu: Difference between revisions
→Verbs
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== Verbs == | == Verbs == | ||
Verbs conjugate according to 4 tenses (perfect, | Verbs conjugate according to 4 tenses (perfect, preterite, present, future), 2 numbers (singular/plural), 2 persons (1st person/other), 2 moods (indicative/jussive), 2 voices (active/passive), and 2 aspects in the active voice (perfective/imperfective). | ||
=== Stem change: Voice === | === Stem change: Voice === | ||
There are 2 voices: active and passive. These conjugate the same way, but with a stem change. For example, ''vider'' means "to see", while ''vuder'' means "to be seen." ''Vider'' is an example of the active voice, and ''vuder'' the passive. In multi-syllable verb stems, the second syllable changes (-er is infinitive suffix). | There are 2 voices: active and passive. These conjugate the same way, but with a stem change. For example, ''vider'' means "to see", while ''vuder'' means "to be seen." ''Vider'' is an example of the active voice, and ''vuder'' the passive. In multi-syllable verb stems, the second syllable changes (-er is infinitive suffix). | ||
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!!! Conj. 1 active !! Conj. 1 passive/Conj. 2 active !! Conj. 2 passive | !!! Conj. 1 active !! Conj. 1 passive/Conj. 2 active !! Conj. 2 passive | ||
|- | |- | ||
| a-stem || au || | | a-stem || au || a || u | ||
|- | |- | ||
| e-stem || éi || | | e-stem || éi || e || o | ||
|- | |- | ||
| i-stem || ai || | | i-stem || ai || i || u | ||
|- | |- | ||
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=== 1st person verbs === | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|+ Indicative mood | |||
|- | |||
!!! Perfective sg !! Perfective pl !! Imperfective sg !! Imperfective pl | |||
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| Perfect || audatov/adatov || audantov/adantov || audativ/adatov || audantiv/adantov | |||
|- | |||
| Preterite || audatin/adatin || audantin/adantin || audati/adatin || audanti/adantin | |||
|- | |||
| Present || audato/adato || audanto/adanto || audatoi/adato || audantoi/adanto | |||
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| Future || audatos/adatos || audantos/adantos || audatol/adatos || audantol/adantos | |||
|} | |||
Note: The perfective present tense is actually just the simple present. The perfective preterite tense can form the present perfect. | |||