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| The '''Azzanic languages''' are a family of consonantal-root languages spoken on the Wiebian subcontinent, as well as on a set of islands off of the North Wiebian Sea, including [[Tergetian]], [[ʔAškāsīnių]] (''čegānų ʔAškāsīnių'') and [[Rozzino]]. They are descended from '''Proto-Azzanic''' ('''PAzz''').
| | ==Nouns== |
| | *''sóol'' = house, home |
| | *''tráat' '' = flower |
| | *''bíne' '' = water |
| | *''sreg'' = words, speech, language |
| | *''aak'é'e'' = sky |
| | *''laá'' = light |
| | *''kár'' = flatbread |
| | *''nerás'' = coffee |
| | *''laánt'ob'' = coconut milk |
| | *''jeneé'' = nut butter or coconut oil |
| | *'''ésjol'' = but |
| | ==Adjectives== |
| | *''dro' '' = low |
| | *''adítool'' = high |
| | *''so-'' = good |
| | *'' 'áa'weh'' = bad |
|
| |
|
| ==Origin== | | ==Verbs== |
| The Azzanic languages bear the name of the legendary hero Azàn, reconstructed as {{recon|{{sc|ʔAzzānum}}}}, to whom Tergetians and ʔAškāsīnians trace their descent.
| | *''-dá'' = 'to know' |
| | | *''-so'' = 'good' |
| ==Phylogeny==
| | *''-goól'' = 'to fly' |
| *Western Azzanic | | *''-le'' = 'to say' |
| **[[Rozzino]]
| | *''-drój'' = 'to love' |
| **[[ʔAškāsīnių]]
| | *''-béh'' = 'free' |
| *Eastern Azzanic
| |
| **[[Tergetian]]
| |
| | |
| ==Phonology==
| |
| ===Consonants===
| |
| Proto-Azzanic is reconstructed with 29 consonants.
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| {| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 700px; text-align:center;"
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| |+'''Proto-Azzanic reconstructed consonants'''
| |
| |-
| |
| ! colspan="2" |
| |
| ! |Labial
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| ! |Alveolar
| |
| ! |Retroflex
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| ! |Palatal
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| ! |Velar
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| ! |Pharyngeal
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| ! |Glottal
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" style="" |Nasal
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| | *m
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| | *n
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |-
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| ! rowspan="3" |Plosive
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| ! |<small>plain</small>
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| | *p
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| | *t
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | *k
| |
| |
| |
| | *ʔ
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| |-
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| ! |<small>voiced</small>
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| | *b
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| | *d
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | *g
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |-
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| ! |<small>ejective</small>
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| | *pʼ
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| | *tʼ
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| |
| |
| |
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| | *kʼ
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| |
| |
| |
| |
| |-
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| ! rowspan="2" style="" |Fricative
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| ! |<small>voiceless</small>
| |
| |
| |
| | *s
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| | *š
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| |
| |
| |
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| | *ħ
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| | *h
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| |-
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| ! |<small>voiced</small>
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| |
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| | *z
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| | *ž
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| |
| |
| |
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| | *ʕ
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| |
| |
| |-
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| ! rowspan="3" colspan="1" |Affricate
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| ! |<small>plain</small>
| |
| |
| |
| | *c
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| | *č
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| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |-
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| ! |<small>voiced</small>
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| |
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| | *ʒ
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| | *ǯ
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| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
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| |-
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| ! |<small>ejective</small>
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| |
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| | *cʼ
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| | *čʼ
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| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" |Approximant
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| | *w
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| | *l
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| |
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| | *y
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| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
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| |-
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| ! colspan="2" |Liquid
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| |
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| | *r
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| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |}
| |
| ====Consonant correspondences====
| |
| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width:1300px; text-align:center;"
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| |-
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| ! PAzz
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| ! {{recon|p}}
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| ! {{recon|b}}
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| ! {{recon|pʼ}}
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| ! {{recon|t}}
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| ! {{recon|d}}
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| ! {{recon|tʼ}}
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| ! {{recon|s}}
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| ! {{recon|z}}
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| ! {{recon|c}}
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| ! {{recon|ʒ}}
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| ! {{recon|cʼ}}
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| ! {{recon|š}}
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| ! {{recon|ž}}
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| ! {{recon|č}}
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| ! {{recon|ǯ}}
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| ! {{recon|čʼ}}
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| ! {{recon|k}}
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| ! {{recon|g}}
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| ! {{recon|kʼ}}
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| ! {{recon|ħ}}
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| ! {{recon|ʕ}}
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| ! {{recon|m}}
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| ! {{recon|n}}
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| ! {{recon|l}}
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| ! {{recon|r}}
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| ! {{recon|y}}
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| ! {{recon|w}}
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| ! {{recon|ʔ}}
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| ! {{recon|h}}
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| |-
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| ! [[Tergetian]]
| |
| | ''p''
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| | ''b''
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| | ''ṗ''
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| | ''t''
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| | ''d''
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| | ''ṫ''
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| | ''s''
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| | ''z''
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| | ''s''
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| | ''z''
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| | ''ṡ''
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| | ''š''
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| | ''ž''
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| | ''š''
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| | ''ž''
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| | ''ṧ''
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| | ''c''
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| | ''g''
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| | ''ċ''
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| | ''ħ''
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| | ''ʕ''
| |
| | ''m''
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| | ''n''
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| | ''l''
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| | ''r''
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| | ''ˀ'', coloring
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| | ''f'', coloring
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| | ''ˀ''
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| | ''h''
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| |-
| |
| ! [[Rozzino]]
| |
| | ''p''
| |
| | ''b''
| |
| | ''t''
| |
| | ''d''
| |
| | ''f''
| |
| | ''v''
| |
| | ''s''
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| | ''ż''
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| | ''z''
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| | ''ż''
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| | ''sci''
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| | ''sgi''
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| | ''ci''
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| | ''gi''
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| | ''ci''
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| | ''gi''
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| | ''c(h)''
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| | ''g(h)''
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| | ''qu''
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| | ''gu''
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| | ''m''
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| | ''n''
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| | ''l''
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| | ''r''
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| | ''gi'', coloring
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| | ''v'', coloring
| |
| | [ʔ]
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| | ''h'' [ʔ]
| |
| |-
| |
| ! [[ʔAškāsīnių]]
| |
| | ''f''
| |
| | ''b''
| |
| | ''t''
| |
| | ''d''
| |
| | ''þ''
| |
| | ''ð''
| |
| | ''s''
| |
| | ''z''
| |
| | ''c''
| |
| | ''dz''
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| | ''š''
| |
| | ''ž''
| |
| | ''č''
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| | ''dž''
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| | ''ṭ''
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| | ''ḍ''
| |
| | ''k''
| |
| | ''g''
| |
| | ''q''
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| | ''ʕ''
| |
| | ''m''
| |
| | ''n''
| |
| | ''l''
| |
| | ''r''
| |
| | ''j''
| |
| | ''v''
| |
| | ''ʔ''
| |
| | ''h''
| |
| |}
| |
| | |
| ===Vowels===
| |
| Similar to Baltic:
| |
| {| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 540px; text-align:center;"
| |
| ! style="width: 90px; "|
| |
| ! style="width: 90px; " |Front
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| ! style="width: 90px; " |Back
| |
| |-
| |
| ! style="" |Close
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| | *i *ī
| |
| | *u *ū
| |
| |-
| |
| ! style="" |Mid
| |
| |
| |
| | *ō
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| |-
| |
| ! style="" |Open
| |
| | *e *ē
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| | *a *ā
| |
| |-
| |
| ! style="" |Diphthongs
| |
| | *ey *ew
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| | *ay *aw
| |
| |}
| |
| | |
| ===Suprasegmentals===
| |
| Stress fell on the first heavy (CVː or CVC) syllable (the last syllable was disregarded); in the absence of a heavy syllable, the stress fell on the first syllable.
| |
| | |
| ===Phonotactics===
| |
| | |
| ==Morphology==
| |
| Proto-Azzanic had Philippine alignment as does Rozzino and ʔAškāsīnių. Verb-initial clauses were the norm as in Semitic and Austronesian languages. [[Primitive Tergetian]] had changed this alignment into a nominative-accusative system.
| |
| ===Nouns===
| |
| Nouns and adjectives declined for three cases: direct, indirect and genitive.
| |
| | |
| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible " style=" text-align: center;"
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| ! colspan="3" | First declension: {{recon|''kullum''}} 'bird'
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| |-
| |
| ! style="width: 90px;" | Case
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| ! style="width: 100px;" | Singular
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| ! style="width: 100px;" | Plural
| |
| |-
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| ! Direct
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| | {{recon|''kullum''}} || {{recon|''kulles''}}
| |
| |-
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| ! Indirect
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| | {{recon|''kullās''}} || {{recon|''kullēm''}}
| |
| |-
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| ! Genitive
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| | {{recon|''kullī''}} || {{recon|''kullām''}}
| |
| |}
| |
| | |
| | |
| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible " style=" text-align: center;"
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| ! colspan="3" | Second declension: {{recon|''ripṭus''}} 'throat'
| |
| |-
| |
| ! style="width: 90px;" | Case
| |
| ! style="width: 100px;" | Singular
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| ! style="width: 100px;" | Plural
| |
| |-
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| ! Direct
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| | {{recon|''ripṭus''}} || {{recon|''ripṭās''}}
| |
| |-
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| ! Indirect
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| | {{recon|''ripṭay''}} || {{recon|''ripṭum''}}
| |
| |-
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| ! Genitive
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| | {{recon|''ripṭūs''}} || {{recon|''ripṭa''}}
| |
| |}
| |
| | |
| | |
| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible " style=" text-align: center;"
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| ! colspan="3" | Third declension: {{recon|''ʕattis''}} 'horn'
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| |-
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| ! style="width: 90px;" | Case
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| ! style="width: 100px;" | Singular
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| ! style="width: 100px;" | Plural
| |
| |-
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| ! Direct
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| | {{recon|''ʕattis''}} || {{recon|''ʕattēs''}}
| |
| |-
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| ! Indirect
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| | {{recon|''ʕattey''}} || {{recon|''ʕattim''}}
| |
| |-
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| ! Genitive
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| | {{recon|''ʕattīs''}} || {{recon|''ʕatte''}}
| |
| |}
| |
| | |
| ===Verbs===
| |
| Verbs had an extensive trigger system marked by various binyanim. Verbs also inflected for the tense and subject (the argument in the direct case).
| |
| | |
| ===Numerals===
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| ===Derivational morphology===
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| ==Syntax==
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| There was an emphatic clitic ''=is'' added to verbs.
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| | |
| [[Category:Hussmauch]][[Category:Azzanic languages|*]][[Category:Root-and-pattern languages]]
| |