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TolsianR: Difference between revisions
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TolsianR has three cases : nominative, accusative and genitive, which agree with a noun's animatedness. Nominative is unmarked, and corresponds to the functions of subject, attribute of the subject, and all other functions which are not covered by the accusative and dative cases. Accusative corresponds to the function of direct object of a verb and is marked with a prefix : ''dake''- (or ''dak''- before a vowel) in the animate, and ''ke''- (or ''k''- before a vowel) in the inanimate. In more recent developments of the language, ''dake-'' has become ''da-'' (or ''d-'' in front of a vowel). Genitive corresponds to the "possessor" of something and is marked with a suffix ''-do'' for animate nouns (with a number of morphophonological changes taking place if the noun ends in a consonant), and ''-o'' for inanimate nouns (transformed into /w/ after a vowel). If a noun is in the plural, the mark of the plural | TolsianR has three cases : nominative, accusative and genitive, which agree with a noun's animatedness. Nominative is unmarked, and corresponds to the functions of subject, attribute of the subject, and all other functions which are not covered by the accusative and dative cases. Accusative corresponds to the function of direct object of a verb and is marked with a prefix : ''dake''- (or ''dak''- before a vowel) in the animate, and ''ke''- (or ''k''- before a vowel) in the inanimate. In more recent developments of the language, ''dake-'' has become ''da-'' (or ''d-'' in front of a vowel). Genitive corresponds to the "possessor" of something and is marked with a suffix ''-do'' for animate nouns (with a number of morphophonological changes taking place if the noun ends in a consonant), and ''-o'' for inanimate nouns (transformed into /w/ after a vowel). If a noun is in the plural, the mark of the plural is suffixed to the stem as usual in the accusative, but in the genitive it is added after the genitive suffix. | ||
<!-- aspirated plosives lose their aspiration ; voiceless obstruents become voiced ; the palatal nasal gets partially assimilated and turns into ''n'' ; prenasalised occlusives get totally nasalised ; the bilabial fricative becomes a labio-velar approximant [w] ; and there's gemination with the dental occlusives : [dd]. Those changes are usually reflected in the orthography. | <!-- aspirated plosives lose their aspiration ; voiceless obstruents become voiced ; the palatal nasal gets partially assimilated and turns into ''n'' ; prenasalised occlusives get totally nasalised ; the bilabial fricative becomes a labio-velar approximant [w] ; and there's gemination with the dental occlusives : [dd]. Those changes are usually reflected in the orthography. | ||