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Yassi: Difference between revisions
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| | | | ||
|s | |s | ||
|ʂ [ | |ʂ [ṣ̌] | ||
|ʃ [š] | |ʃ [š] | ||
|ç [x] | |ç [x] | ||
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| | | | ||
|z | |z | ||
|ʐ [ | |ʐ [ẓ̌] | ||
|ʒ [ž] | |ʒ [ž] | ||
|ʝ [γ] | |ʝ [γ] | ||
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===== Singular ===== | ===== Singular ===== | ||
* nominative: '''mǝ''' ('I') '''am''' ('mother') ''' | * nominative: '''mǝ''' ('I') '''am''' ('mother') '''iṣ̌t''' ('son') (< PU *irkä) | ||
* accusative: '''mǝn''' ('me') '''am''' ('mother') ''' | * accusative: '''mǝn''' ('me') '''am''' ('mother') '''iṣ̌t''' ('son') (< PU *irkä-m) | ||
* prepositional: '''min''' ('to me') '''mal''' ('to the mother') ''' | * prepositional: '''min''' ('to me') '''mal''' ('to the mother') '''iṣ̌tal''' ('to the son') (< PU *irkä-tä) | ||
* genitive: '''mǝnǝy''' ('mine') '''amǝy''' ('mother's') ''' | * genitive: '''mǝnǝy''' ('mine') '''amǝy''' ('mother's') '''iṣ̌tǝy''' ('son's') (< PU *irkä-k) | ||
===== Plural ===== | ===== Plural ===== | ||
* nominative: '''amǝl''' (‘mothers’) ''' | * nominative: '''amǝl''' (‘mothers’) '''iṣ̌tǝl''' ('sons') (< PU *irkä-t) | ||
* accusative: '''mal''' (‘mothers’) ''' | * accusative: '''mal''' (‘mothers’) '''iṣ̌tal''' ('sons') (< PU *irkä-t-äm) | ||
* prepositional: '''mat''' (‘to the mothers’) ''' | * prepositional: '''mat''' (‘to the mothers’) '''iṣ̌tat''' ('to the sons') (< PU *irkä-t-tä) | ||
* genitive: '''malǝy''' (‘of the mothers’) ''' | * genitive: '''malǝy''' (‘of the mothers’) '''iṣ̌talǝy''' ('of the sons') (< PU *irkä-t-äk) | ||
=== Verbs === | === Verbs === | ||
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In recent times, Yassi adopted lots of Wakhi words, and through that, Perso-Arabic and Indo-Aryan vocabulary. Because of this there's a high degree of synonymity in Wakhi vocabulary, i.e.: | In recent times, Yassi adopted lots of Wakhi words, and through that, Perso-Arabic and Indo-Aryan vocabulary. Because of this there's a high degree of synonymity in Wakhi vocabulary, i.e.: | ||
eye: sirm (genuine) č̣eğm (Wakhi) | *eye: sirm (genuine) č̣eğm (Wakhi) | ||
liver: māš (genuine) ǰigar (Persian) | *liver: māš (genuine) ǰigar (Persian) | ||
love: anə (genuine) išq (Arabic) | *love: anə (genuine) išq (Arabic) | ||
It goes without saying that Wakhi loans are far more widespread amoung Lower Yas Valley muslims than Upper Yas Valley non-muslims. | It goes without saying that Wakhi loans are far more widespread amoung Lower Yas Valley muslims than Upper Yas Valley non-muslims. | ||
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| five || wit || | | five || wit || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| six || mǝkt || | | six || mǝkt || špaẓ̌ | ||
|- | |- | ||
| seven || nkorǝ, nkor || ow | | seven || nkorǝ, nkor || ow | ||
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| – | | – | ||
| jiʔ | | jiʔ | ||
|- | |||
| 'heart' | |||
! style="background-color: #E0E0FF" | '''[[wiktionary:Reconstruction:Proto-Uralic/śiδä|*śiδä]]''' | |||
| šəl | |||
| sydän|| süda || | |||
| – || – || – | |||
| śeďej | |||
| šüm | |||
| śe̮le̮m || | |||
| szív | |||
| | |||
| – | |||
| – | |||
| śej | |||
|- | |- | ||
| 'ice' | | 'ice' | ||
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| 'to wash' | | 'to wash' | ||
! style="background-color: #E0E0FF" | '''[[wiktionary:Reconstruction:Proto-Uralic/mośke-|*mośki-]]''' | ! style="background-color: #E0E0FF" | '''[[wiktionary:Reconstruction:Proto-Uralic/mośke-|*mośki-]]''' | ||
| | | muṣ̌t | ||
| – <!--Not cognate: pestä--> | | – <!--Not cognate: pestä--> | ||
| – <!--Not cognate: pesema--> | | – <!--Not cognate: pesema--> | ||
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Orthographical notes: The hacek denotes postalveolar articulation ({{angbr|ž}} {{IPA|[ʒ]}}, {{angbr|š}} {{IPA|[ʃ]}}, {{angbr|č}} {{IPA|[t͡ʃ]}}) (In Northern Sami, ({{angbr|ž}} {{IPA|[dʒ]}}), while the acute denotes a secondary palatal articulation ({{angbr|ś}} {{IPA|[sʲ ~ ɕ]}}, {{angbr|ć}} {{IPA|[tsʲ ~ tɕ]}}, {{angbr|l}} {{IPA|[lʲ]}}) or, in Hungarian, vowel length. The Finnish letter {{angbr|y}} and the letter {{angbr|ü}} in other languages represent the high rounded vowel {{IPA|[y]}}; the letters {{angbr|ä}} and {{angbr|ö}} are the front vowels {{IPA|[æ]}} and {{IPA|[ø]}}. | Orthographical notes: The hacek denotes postalveolar articulation ({{angbr|ž}} {{IPA|[ʒ]}}, {{angbr|š}} {{IPA|[ʃ]}}, {{angbr|č}} {{IPA|[t͡ʃ]}}) (In Northern Sami, ({{angbr|ž}} {{IPA|[dʒ]}}), while the acute denotes a secondary palatal articulation ({{angbr|ś}} {{IPA|[sʲ ~ ɕ]}}, {{angbr|ć}} {{IPA|[tsʲ ~ tɕ]}}, {{angbr|l}} {{IPA|[lʲ]}}) or, in Hungarian, vowel length. The Finnish letter {{angbr|y}} and the letter {{angbr|ü}} in other languages represent the high rounded vowel {{IPA|[y]}}; the letters {{angbr|ä}} and {{angbr|ö}} are the front vowels {{IPA|[æ]}} and {{IPA|[ø]}}. | ||
<!--(based on the ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' and Hakkinen 1979) | <!--(based on the ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' and Hakkinen 1979) | ||
{| border="1" style="border-collapse: collapse" cellpadding="3" class="wikitable IPA" | {| border="1" style="border-collapse: collapse" cellpadding="3" class="wikitable IPA" | ||
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* What are they looking for? '''Mām srel?''' | * What are they looking for? '''Mām srel?''' | ||
* I don't know. '''Na rtlam.''' | * I don't know. '''Na rtlam.''' | ||
* What are you reading? '''Mām | * What are you reading? '''Mām ṣ̌awal?''' | ||
* I read the book which my father gave me. '''Pwaštay | * I read the book which my father gave me. '''Pwaštay ṣ̌awam kəs mənəy ab min tame.''' | ||
[[Category:Uralic languages]] | [[Category:Uralic languages]] | ||