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|ancestor      = [[ProtoHuman language]]
|ancestor      = [[ProtoHuman language]]


|dia1        = ''informal Dama; highly formal Dama''
|dia1        = ''informal Dama variants''


|script        = [[Latin alphabet]]<br>*any script of the world<br>*the 10 digits 0123456789.<br>*Dama Braille consisting of only 10 symbols.<br>*the Dama 10-element system: logographic and phonemic at the same time. |notice        = IPA
|script        = [[Latin alphabet]]<br>*any script of the world<br>*the 10 digits 0123456789.<br>*Dama Braille consisting of only 10 symbols.<br>*the Dama 10-element system: logographic and phonemic at the same time. |notice        = IPA
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:the 3 logical particles (SIME JUNO / SIME KUMO), used mostly like prepositions but they are a kind of indeclinable verbs so they can be placed in the end of clause in a verbal sense: AN (become), IN (is there, is somewhere), UN (is not, does not).
:the 3 logical particles (SIME JUNO / SIME KUMO), used mostly like prepositions but they are a kind of indeclinable verbs so they can be placed in the end of clause in a verbal sense: AN (become), IN (is there, is somewhere), UN (is not, does not).


==== Informal Dama Diwan / jiro nijo wuwa Dama Diwan ====
=== Informal Dama Diwan / jiro nijo wuwa Dama Diwan ===
jiro nijo wuwa Dama Diwan kiwo jan sen wa wiko mujo: 1."jume", 2."i kiban", 3."kaso", 4."nanon".
jiro nijo wuwa Dama Diwan kiwo jan sen wa wiko mujo: 1."jume", 2."i kiban", 3."kaso", 4."nanon".
:Informal Dama Diwan can express four "degrees" (MUJO) which bear the native names : 1."JUME", 2."I KIBAN", 3."KASO", 4."NANON".
:Informal Dama Diwan can express four "degrees" (MUJO) which bear the native names : 1."JUME", 2."I KIBAN", 3."KASO", 4."NANON".
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Informal Dama may be used (that is, sparingly) in spoken language when one has to be very quick in expressing something. In written texts, informal Dama may appear in order to render accurately some informally spoken phrases, in poetry for metric reasons, or in literature for creating more concise expressions than formal Dama can do (e.g., it is more concise to say "ejabo" (a cow), than "muto jabo", or "taino" (blue colour) than "tina buwo".
Informal Dama may be used (that is, sparingly) in spoken language when one has to be very quick in expressing something. In written texts, informal Dama may appear in order to render accurately some informally spoken phrases, in poetry for metric reasons, or in literature for creating more concise expressions than formal Dama can do (e.g., it is more concise to say "ejabo" (a cow), than "muto jabo", or "taino" (blue colour) than "tina buwo".


==== Highly formal Dama Diwan / miba jeto Dama Diwan ====
===== Highly accurate Dama Diwan / miba jeto Dama Diwan =====
Highly formal Dama Diwan can use a W (or unstressed O/U) before the I of a stem and a J (or unstressed E/I) before the U of a stem in order to express the abstract aspect of a word.
Highly accurate Dama Diwan can use a W (or unstressed O/U) before the I of a stem and a J (or unstressed E/I) before the U of a stem in order to express the metaphorical aspect of a word in the latter case and containing objects in the former.
:Every Dama noun (and consequently every adverb and verb) can refer to a concrete thing (NO) or an abstract concept (WANO). E.g., BAMO can be “food” or “eating”; NUKO can be “road” or “trip”; SAMO can be a seat or “sitting”.
:U-> JU is used for metaphor or analogy. Some examples:
:This distinction is usually not to be marked at all, as it is understood by the context or it makes no difference; e.g. if i say “A RUKO?” it can be taken as “you tired?” or “your fatigue?”, both ways meaning the same “are you tired?”; if necessary, the distinction is shown by adding words as NO (thing) or WANO (abstract concept).
TUSO=seed; TJUSO is things analogous to seeds, e.g. sperm; or grains of sand.
The main distinction in Dama is that between the active (TUBE BO), shown as an active verb and the passive (KIJE BO), shown as a noun . This distinction is always marked and not left to the context; e.g. A KUWO =you (are) afraid, versus A KUWE =you scare (others); I RUKE =s/he makes tired, gives trouble, versus I RUKO =s/he is tired.
SURO=both hands; SJURO is something analogous to 2 hands, e.g. the claws of a crab.
:However, highly formal Dama can mark the abstract aspect of a word as described above; e.g. RUSO =eye, RJUSO = “βλέμμα, glance, way of looking”; KURO =safe, KJURO =safety; RIMO =promise, vow, RWIMO =assertiveness; KIKO =strong, KWIKO =strength, and so on.
KURO=secure; KJURO is something analogous to real security, e.g. insurance, the security we have by paying an insurance company.
:This feature can be difficult for some people to use; in fact, it has never been in actual usage until now (the first months of the year 2016); on the other hand, this features completes all possibilities of making diphthongs with the vowels of Dama, and its use may be useful in the future for elaborate or artistic expounding of ideas.
:I-> WI signifies not the thing itself, but something that contains it; for example:
SIRO=a substance; SWIRO=something containing that substance;
MISO=a sharp point, e.g. a thorn, a needle; MWISO=having (a) sharp point(s), e.g. a thorny bush, a porcupine, an arrow;
SITO=blood; SWITO=having blood. Lobsters are SJATO (bloodless) while fish are SWITO, creatures with blood.  
:Highly accurate Dama can be difficult for some people to use; in fact, it has only once or twice been in actual usage until now (November of the year 2016); on the other hand, this feature completes all possibilities of making diphthongs with the vowels of Dama, and its use may be quite useful in the future for elaborate or artistic expounding of ideas.


==== Correctness, personalization and limitations / jeto jino, wiso jino, nejo mijo ====
=== Correctness, personalization and limitations / jeto jino, wiso jino, nejo mijo ===
Some people expect a great language to be a show of complexity like some constructed languages. Dama is nothing like that, as it is not even a conlang; it is not a language constructed by people, but one acquired through divination (called "random" functions by the skeptic). Its non-conlang character is obvious because conlangs are regulated by people, so they are always subject to additions, new regulations and alterations. Conlangs are adjusted by their makers, while on the other hand the Dama users have to adjust themselves to the very simple means of Dama. After all, it is not possible to add anything to it, because all the possible combinations of its phonemes have already been used.
Some people expect a great language to be a show of complexity like some constructed languages. Dama is nothing like that, as it is not even a conlang; it is not a language constructed by people, but one acquired through divination (called "random" functions by the skeptic). Its non-conlang character is obvious because conlangs are regulated by people, so they are always subject to additions, new regulations and alterations. Conlangs are adjusted by their makers, while on the other hand the Dama users have to adjust themselves to the very simple means of Dama. After all, it is not possible to add anything to it, because all the possible combinations of its phonemes have already been used.
:Dama can further evolve by discovering new combinations of words - to that, we can find no limit. The limitation is that every new combination discovered and everything else should be expressed '''according to the above rules'''; then it is perfectly correct; of course, when we say something in Dama, we should imagine ourselves in the receiver's position: "what would I understand if somebody told me that?".
:Dama can further evolve by discovering new combinations of words - to that, we can find no limit. The limitation is that every new combination discovered and everything else should be expressed '''according to the above rules'''; then it is perfectly correct; of course, when we say something in Dama, we should imagine ourselves in the receiver's position: "what would I understand if somebody told me that?".
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A TJAWAN language that is also avoided, is called MINO (crawling); this one can use P in place of B, and the meaning of words with P is again analogous to those with B, but P shows a feeble or pitiable aspect of the corresponding B word: e.g., BAKO=body, but PAKO=a weak or sickly body. RABO=a tree / piece of wood, but RAPO =a frail tree / piece of wood. Eastern Greek dialects, the most important today being Cypriot, have trouble pronouncing B, they usually devoice it to P, but they can pronounce PP; for natives of such languages it is suggested to pronounce PP (an emphatic or ejective P) instead of mere P when using Dama Diwan.
A TJAWAN language that is also avoided, is called MINO (crawling); this one can use P in place of B, and the meaning of words with P is again analogous to those with B, but P shows a feeble or pitiable aspect of the corresponding B word: e.g., BAKO=body, but PAKO=a weak or sickly body. RABO=a tree / piece of wood, but RAPO =a frail tree / piece of wood. Eastern Greek dialects, the most important today being Cypriot, have trouble pronouncing B, they usually devoice it to P, but they can pronounce PP; for natives of such languages it is suggested to pronounce PP or P' (an emphatic or ejective P) instead of mere P when using Dama Diwan.


== Invitation / wono ==
== Invitation / wono ==
[https://www.facebook.com/dama.diwan/posts/854946541215013 Here is the invitation] to Dama Diwan language, and if interested you can be a member [https://www.facebook.com/groups/omado.sosti.matiko/ of the open group].
[https://www.facebook.com/dama.diwan/posts/854946541215013 Here is an invitation] to Dama Diwan language, and if interested you can be a member [https://www.facebook.com/groups/omado.sosti.matiko/ of the open group].


== Phonology and phonotactics / kumo sijo, kumo nijo ==
== Phonology and phonotactics / kumo sijo, kumo nijo ==
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:Ваңһыыуш Даздаа Манаңһоо Шяоѳынанаам Аңһыыуш Маздааи
:Ваңһыыуш Даздаа Манаңһоо Шяоѳынанаам Аңһыыуш Маздааи
:Хшаѳрымчаа Аһурааи Аа Јим Дрыґубјоо Дадат Ваастаарым.
:Хшаѳрымчаа Аһурааи Аа Јим Дрыґубјоо Дадат Ваастаарым.
([https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B9UcDJ_wbDL7ZmNhcTBmc09ocXM hear it])


[[Category:A priori]]
[[Category:A priori]]
SostiMatiko
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