Nurian is the most conservative Talmic language morphology-wise; it preserves much of Thensarian morphology.
Todo
Degree for adjectives
Nouns
Nurian nouns have one of three genders (masculine, feminine, neuter) and inflect in two numbers (singular and plural) and in case/state (absolute nominative, absolute genitive, construct).
Nouns and adjectives fall into predetermined declension classes, regardless of the Thensarian etymology. Exceptions are some irregular nouns and adjectives.
Masculine nouns
Masculine nouns typically end in -ą, -į, -ų, or -ūr.
-ą nouns:
aġġiakkāt-ą 'pasta guitar-like musical instrument'
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Singular
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Plural
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| Absolute
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Nominative
|
aġġiakkāt-ą |
aġġiakkāt-ai
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| Genitive
|
aġġiakkāt-ū |
aġġiakkāt-uoni
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| Construct
|
aġġiakkāt-at |
aġġiakkāt-abeh
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-į nouns:
thab-į 'plant, vegetable'
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Singular
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Plural
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| Absolute
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Nominative
|
thab-į |
thab-ieh
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| Genitive
|
thab-ei |
thab-īni
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| Construct
|
thab-it |
thab-ibeh
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-ų nouns:
fannh-ų 'sea'
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Singular
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Plural
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| Absolute
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Nominative
|
fannh-ų |
fannh-ūh
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| Genitive
|
fannh-ui |
fannh-ūni
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| Construct
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fannh-ut |
fannh-ubeh
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Feminine nouns
Feminine nouns typically end in -ai, -ei, -ī, -i, or -ui.
-ai nouns:
gand-ai 'body'
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Singular
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Plural
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| Absolute
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Nominative
|
gand-ai |
gand-ar
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| Genitive
|
gand-ia |
gand-āni
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| Construct
|
gand-ąs |
gand-ābeh
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-ei nouns:
tīm-ei 'hand'
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Singular
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Plural
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| Absolute
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Nominative
|
tīm-ei |
tīm-er
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| Genitive
|
tīm-ia |
tīm-ēni
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| Construct
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tīm-ęs |
tīm-ēbeh
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-ui nouns:
maċċi-ui 'snake'
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Singular
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Plural
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| Absolute
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Nominative
|
maċċi-ui |
maċċi-ur
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| Genitive
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maċċi-a |
maċċi-ūni
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| Construct
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maċċi-ųs |
maċċi-ūbeh
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-ī nouns:
aill-ī 'love'
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Singular
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Plural
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| Absolute
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Nominative
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aill-ī |
aill-ir
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| Genitive
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aill-ia |
aill-īni
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| Construct
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aill-įs |
aill-ībeh
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-i nouns:
tam-i 'leaf'
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Singular
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Plural
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| Absolute
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Nominative
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tam-i |
tam-ar
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| Genitive
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tam-ia |
tam-īni
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| Construct
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tam-ąs |
tam-ibeh
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Neuter nouns
Neuter nouns end in -ah, -ih, -uh, -h, or sometimes other consonants.
-ah nouns:
tett-ah 'child'
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Singular
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Plural
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| Absolute
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Nominative
|
tett-ah |
tett-ų
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| Genitive
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tett-ą |
tett-uoni
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| Construct
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tett-at |
tett-abeh
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-ih nouns:
vel-ih 'name'
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Singular
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Plural
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| Absolute
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Nominative
|
vel-ih |
vel-ių
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| Genitive
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vel-į |
vel-īni
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| Construct
|
vel-it |
vel-ibeh
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Also: davih 'valley'
-uh nouns:
ċhid-uh 'herd'
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Singular
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Plural
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| Absolute
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Nominative
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ċhid-uh |
ċhid-ų
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| Genitive
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ċhid-ų |
ċhid-ūni
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| Construct
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ċhid-ut |
ċhid-ubeh
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C-stem nouns, C = h (from Thensarian φ):
thūs 'fire'
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Singular
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Plural
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| Absolute
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Nominative
|
thūs |
thuh-ą
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| Genitive
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thuh-ą |
thuh-uoni
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| Construct
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thuh-et |
thuh-ibeh
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C-stem nouns, C = t, th, d:
bies 'stem'
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Singular
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Plural
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| Absolute
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Nominative
|
bies |
bied-ą
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| Genitive
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bied-ą |
bied-uoni
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| Construct
|
bied-et |
bied-ibeh
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Also kammąs, kammantą 'wife' (grammatically feminine).
C-stem nouns, C = k, kh, g:
ȝażīs 'wool'
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Singular
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Plural
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| Absolute
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Nominative
|
ȝażīs |
ȝażik-ą
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| Genitive
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ȝażik-ą |
ȝażik-uoni
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| Construct
|
ȝażiċ-et |
ȝażik-ibeh
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ȝ-stem nouns:
jen-āh 'water'
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Singular
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Plural
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| Absolute
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Nominative
|
jen-āh |
jen-aȝą
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| Genitive
|
jen-aȝą |
jen-aȝuoni
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| Construct
|
jen-āt |
jen-ābeh
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ħ-stem nouns:
hel-āh 'horn'
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Singular
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Plural
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| Absolute
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Nominative
|
hel-āh |
hel-aħą
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| Genitive
|
hel-aħą |
hel-aħuoni
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| Construct
|
hel-āt |
hel-ābeh
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C-stem nouns, C none of the above:
uor 'sound'
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|
Singular
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Plural
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| Absolute
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Nominative
|
uor |
uor-ą
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| Genitive
|
uor-ą |
uor-uoni
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| Construct
|
uor-et |
uor-ibeh
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Adjectives
Declension
a adjectives
lhām-ą 'good'
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Singular
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Plural
|
| Masculine
|
Feminine
|
Neuter
|
Masculine
|
Feminine
|
Neuter
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| Absolute
|
Nominative
|
lhām-ą |
lhām-ai |
lhām-ah |
lhām-ę |
lhām-ar |
lhām-ų
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| Genitive
|
lhām-ū |
lhām-ia |
lhām-ā |
lhām-uoni |
lhām-āni |
lhām-uoni
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| Construct
|
lhām-at |
lhām-ąs |
lhām-at |
lhām-abeh |
lhām-ābeh |
lhām-abeh
|
i adjectives
kiāδ-į 'wet'
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|
Singular
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Plural
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| Masculine
|
Feminine
|
Neuter
|
Masculine
|
Feminine
|
Neuter
|
| Absolute
|
Nominative
|
kiāδ-į |
kiāδ-ī |
kiāδ-ih |
kiāδ-ieh |
kiāδ-ir |
kiāδ-ių
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| Genitive
|
kiāδ-ei |
kiāδ-ia |
kiāδ-į |
kiāδ-īni |
kiāδ-īni |
kiāδ-īni
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| Construct
|
kiāδ-it |
kiāδ-įs |
kiāδ-it |
kiāδ-ibeh |
kiāδ-ībeh |
kiāδ-ibeh
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u adjectives
rhat-ų 'salty'
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Singular
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Plural
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| Masculine
|
Feminine
|
Neuter
|
Masculine
|
Feminine
|
Neuter
|
| Absolute
|
Nominative
|
rhat-ų |
rhat-ui |
rhat-uh |
rhat-ūh |
rhat-ur |
rhat-ų
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| Genitive
|
rhat-ui |
rhat-ia |
rhat-ų |
rhat-ūni |
rhat-ūni |
rhat-ūni
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| Construct
|
rhat-ut |
rhat-ųs |
rhat-ut |
rhat-ubeh |
rhat-ūbeh |
rhat-ubeh
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C adjectives
nhangatą 'loyal'
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|
Singular
|
Plural
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| Masculine
|
Feminine
|
Neuter
|
Masculine
|
Feminine
|
Neuter
|
| Absolute
|
Nominative
|
nhangatą |
nhangati |
nhangās |
nhangatāh |
nhangatar |
nhangatą
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| Genitive
|
nhangatū |
nhangatia |
nhangatą |
nhangatuoni |
nhangatāni |
nhangatuoni
|
| Construct
|
nhangatet |
nhangatąs |
nhangatet |
nhangatibeh |
nhangatibeh |
nhangatibeh
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Degree
Superlative: -ussą, -ussani, -ussąs
Verbs
Preverbs
- aC- = some kind of applicative
- di- = in, into
- hei- = with
Object affixes
Object affixes fall between the preverb and the root.
TAM
Present
| Person |
tussāni "I pray"
(a-stem) |
tareni "I bloom, flourish"
(e-stem) |
aillini "I love"
(i-stem) |
kassani "I eat"
(ablaut stem)
|
| 1SG |
tussāni |
tareni |
aillini |
kassani
|
| 2SG |
tussāri |
tareri |
ailliri |
kassari
|
| 3SG.M |
tussą |
tarę |
aillį |
kassą
|
| 3SG.F |
tussāh |
tareh |
aillih |
kassah
|
| 3SG.N |
tussā |
tare |
ailli |
kassa
|
| 1EX |
tussāmē |
taremē |
aillimē |
kassamē
|
| 1IN |
tussānti |
tarenti |
aillinti |
kassanti
|
| 2PL |
tussāċhi |
tareċhi |
ailliċhi |
kassaċhi
|
| 3PL |
tussāti |
tareti |
ailliti |
kassati
|
Imperfect
Reduplication rules:
- If word begins with C, redup first CV (V is shortened)
Preterite
| Person |
tussāni "I pray"
(a-stem) |
tareni "I bloom, flourish"
(e-stem) |
aillini "I love"
(i-stem) |
kassani "I eat"
(ablaut stem)
|
| 1SG |
tussādī |
taredī |
aillidī |
ċēdī
|
| 2SG |
tussai |
tarī |
aillī |
ċēvȳ
|
| 3SG.M |
tussāmhi |
taremhi |
aillimhi |
ċēmhi
|
| 3SG.F |
tussātthi |
taretthi |
aillitthi |
ċētthi
|
| 3SG.N |
tussāsa |
taresa |
aillisa |
ċēsa
|
| 1EX |
tussāmer |
taremer |
aillimer |
ċēmer
|
| 1IN |
tussānter |
tarenter |
aillinter |
ċēnter
|
| 2PL |
tussāċher |
tareċher |
ailliċher |
ċēċher
|
| 3PL |
tussāti |
tareti |
ailliti |
ċēter
|
Future
| Person |
tussāni "I pray"
(a-stem) |
tareni "I bloom, flourish"
(e-stem) |
aillini "I love"
(i-stem) |
kassani "I eat"
(ablaut stem)
|
| 1SG |
tussātēni |
taretēni |
aillitēni |
kāthēni
|
| 2SG |
tussātēri |
taretēri |
aillitēri |
kāthēri
|
| 3SG.M |
tussātę |
taretę |
aillitę |
kāthę
|
| 3SG.F |
tussātēh |
taretēh |
aillitēh |
kāthēh
|
| 3SG.N |
tussātē |
taretē |
aillitē |
kāthē
|
| 1EX |
tussātēmē |
taretēmē |
aillitēmē |
kāthēmē
|
| 1IN |
tussātenti |
taretenti |
aillitenti |
kāthēnti
|
| 2PL |
tussātēċhi |
taretēċhi |
aillitēċhi |
kāthēċhi
|
| 3PL |
tussātēti |
taretēti |
aillitēti |
kāthēti
|
Infinitives