Aol/Nouns

Gender

Gender in Aol pertains to how nouns are declined and gender agreement for articles. Gender of a noun is defined by the vowel of the final syllable.

Neuter	Feminine	Masculine
i, y, o	e	a, u

Root Form

The definition of the Aol "root form" is the nominative singular form.

Plural Forms

Regular Plurals

Regular plural formation is used for the majority of words in Aol and is used for all words who have multiple syllables in their root form. The -c suffix is used for nouns ending in vowels and the -Vc suffix is used for nouns ending in consonants. For the -Vc suffix, the vowel depends on the gender of the noun.

-Vc Vowels:

• Feminine "y, e"
• Masculine "a"

Examples:
fjag "animal" > fjagec "animals"
aryn "star" > arynyc "stars"
anad "gift" > anadac "gifts"
aga "eye" > agac "eyes"
esk "cube" > eskyc "cubes"

Ablaut Plurals

Ablaut plurals are a much smaller subset of nouns. All ablaut plurals have a single syllable in their root form but not all single syllable root nouns are ablaut plurals.

• o > e
• a > y
• e > ei, ai

Examples:
sar "island" > syr "islands"
ðeg "book" > ðeig "books"
ghoþ "scripture" > gheþ "scriptures"
kek "place" > kaik "places"

Article Agreement
Note that the gender of the plural form is the same as the root form.

Mass Plurals

Mass plurals are formed by adding the -fen suffix to the root form of the noun.

Examples:
vadas "body of water" -> vadasfen "waters"
del "wind gust" -> delfen "wind"

Pronouns

Pronouns
Person	Neuter	Common
First Person	jan	jana
Second Person	gas	gasa
Third Person	eð	eða

Cases

Basic Cases

Class of Case	Case	English Approximation	Neuter		Common
Grammatical	Nominative	cat	ao	ges	elð
	Accusative	cat	aor	geser	elðer
Non-Grammatical	Dative	for/because of the cat	aos	geses	elðes
	Malefactive	against/opposed to the cat	aomo	gesme	elðem
	Adverbial	cattily	aogo	gesk	elðeg
	Vocative	O Cat	aogho	ges	elðegh
	Contrastive	as compared to the cat	aodo	gest	elðed
	Genitive	of cat/about cat/cat's	aoð	geseð	elðuð

Oblique

Class of Case	Case	English Approximation	Neuter		Common
Oblique	Translative	to being a cat	aodos	gesdes	elðedes
	Exessive	from being a cat	aodoso	gesdes	elðedes
	Essive	as being a cat/like a cat	aodosso	gesdess	elðedess
	Instrumental	by use of the cat/with cat	aogho	ges	elðegh
	Prolative	by way of the cat	aolog	gesleg	elðeleg

Locative

Class of Case	Case	English Approximation	Neuter	Feminine	Masculine
Internal Locative	Inessive	inside the cat	aolo	gesel	elðul
	Illative	into the cat	aono	gesen	elðun
	Elative	from inside the cat	aolon	geselen	elðulen
	Perlative	through the cat	aobo	geseb	elðeb
Traversal Locative	Lative	towards the cat, catbound	aofon	gesfen	elðefen
	Superlative	onto the cat	aojo	gesi	elðei
	Prosecutive	along the cat	aovon	gesven	elðeven
	Terminative	until the cat (is reached)	aoþo	gesþ	elðeþ
Exodal Locative	Ablative	away from the cat	aodoþ	gesdeþ	elðedeþ
	Antessive	far from the cat	aogo	gesen	elðen
	Delative	off/down from the cat	aoco	gec	elðec
	Eblative	(sourced) from the cat	aovod	gesved	elðeved
Relational Locative	Superessive	on (top of) the cat	ao o	ges o	elð o
	Supraessive	above/over the cat	aonod	gesned	elðened
	Comitative	(together) with the cat	aosod	gessed	elðesed
	Pertingent	touching/adjacent to the cat	aobo	gesp	elðeb
	Apudessive	next to/beside the cat	aoðoð	gesðeð	elðeðeð
	Enclosive	on either side of the cat	aoþor	gesþer	elðeþer
	Forbative	in front of the cat	aoþo	gesþ	elðeþ
	Locative	nearby/not far from the cat	aonoþ	gesneþ	elðeneþ
	Bative	behind the cat	aovon	gesven	elðeven
	Transversive	beyond the cat	aovoi	gesvei	elðevi
	Circumfrentive	surrounded by cat	aojor	gesjer	elðejer
	Situative	wrapped in cat	aorog	gesreg	elðereg
	Abessive	without the cat	aolor	gesler	elðeler
	Intrative	between the cat	aocog	gesceg	elðeceg
	Subessive	under the cat	aolom	geslem	elðelem