Eadlan/Older draft/Netagic

The Netagic languages are a subbranch of the Idavic family that includes Netagin. They are inspired by Uralic.

PId final *-a, *-i, *-u > PNtg *-æ/a, *-ɨ/ə, *-ɨ/ə -> Pre-Netagin *-ē, *-ë, *-ë > Old Netagin -i, -a, -a

Phonology

• Consonants: b d λ ǯ ʒ́ g p t ξ č ć k q s σ š ś m n ŋ l r w j
• Vowels: i ị e ẹ a ạ ə ə̣ o ọ u ụ /i ɪ e ɛ æ a ɨ ə o ɔ u ʊ/ (i a u ī ā ū -> e a u i o ɨ; modal/stød -> ATR/RTR like glottalization > uvularization in arabic)
  • PNtg: ɪ ɛ æ a ɔ ʊ > ONtg iə eə eə a oə uə
• ATR/RTR harmony; i e a ə o u vs ị ẹ ạ ə̣ ọ ụ
• Initial stress modulo prefixes

Morphology

Nouns

Netagic retains cases and the dual, but the abstract gender merges into the inanimate gender.

Cases

The dative merged with the accusative with inanimate nouns.

• nominative
• accusative
• genitive

ATR animates:

šulla 'horse'

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	šulla	šullandə	šullon
Accusative	šullaj	šullandə	šullis
Genitive	šullat	šullandəmak	šullok

ATR inanimates:

šarmə 'stone'

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	šarmə	šarməndə	šarmot
Accusative	šarmən	šarməndə	šarmis
Genitive	šarmət	šarməndəmak	šarmok

RTR animates:

rụsạ 'dog'

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	rụsạ	rụsạndə̣	rụsọn
Accusative	rụsạj	rụsạndə̣	rụsịs
Genitive	rụsạt	rụsạndə̣mạk	rụsọk

RTR inanimates:

ẹpŋə̣ 'tree'

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ẹpŋə̣	ẹpŋə̣ndə̣	ẹpŋọt
Accusative	ẹpŋə̣n	ẹpŋə̣ndə̣	ẹpŋịs
Genitive	ẹpŋə̣t	ẹpŋə̣ndə̣mạk	ẹpŋọk

Adjectives

Paradigms

Weak paradigm: (animate/inanimate; sg, du, pl)

• nom: ŋidæ/ŋidɨ, ŋidændæ/ŋidɨndæ, ŋidonɨ/ŋido
• gen: ŋide/ŋidæk, (nom du)=gid ŋidi/ŋidok

Strong paradigm (rare):

Verbs

Paradigms

Each verb has three principal parts: the imperative, the present tense stem, and the past tense stem.

TODO: use impersonal instead of passive

Conjugation of akə 'give'

infinitive	akə
action noun	akipə
active participle	akəška
passive participle	ukča
Tense	1st sg.	2nd sg.	3rd sg.	1st du.	2nd du.	3rd du.	1st pl.	2nd pl.	3rd pl.	impersonal
imperative	-	akə	-	akabi	akənabi	-	akəka	akəna	-	-
present	akəlli	akəddi	akək	akəkkabi	akənnabi	akəbi	akəkka	akənna	akəšum	akiłok
recent past	ukili	ukidi	ukis	ukikabi	ukinabi	ukibi	ukika	ukina	ukim	ukiłas
remote past	ukčali	ukčadi	ukčas	ukčakabi	ukčanabi	ukčabi	ukčaka	ukčana	ukčam	ukiłča
future-irrealis	aktiłoli	aktiłodi	aktiłok	aktiłokabi	aktiłonabi	aktiłobi	aktiłoka	aktiłona	aktiłošum	aktiba

Conjugation of hẹdbə̣ 'believe'

infinitive	hẹdbị
action noun	hẹdbịpə̣
active participle	hẹdbə̣škạ
passive participle	hẹdbịčạ
Tense	1st sg.	2nd sg.	3rd sg.	1st du.	2nd du.	3rd du.	1st pl.	2nd pl.	3rd pl.	impersonal
imperative	-	hẹdbə̣	-	hẹdbạbị	hẹdbə̣nạbị	-	hẹdbə̣kạ	hẹdbə̣nạ	-	-
present	hẹdbə̣llị	hẹdbə̣ddị	hẹdbə̣k	hẹdbə̣kkạbị	hẹdbə̣nnạbị	hẹdbə̣bị	hẹdbə̣kkạ	hẹdbə̣nnạ	hẹdbə̣šụm	hẹdbịłọk
recent past	hẹdbịlị	hẹdbịdị	hẹdbịs	hẹdbịkạbị	hẹdbịnạbị	hẹdbịbị	hẹdbịkạ	hẹdbịnạ	hẹdbịm	hẹdbịłạs
remote past	hẹdbịčạlị	hẹdbịčạdị	hẹdbịčạs	hẹdbịčạkạbị	hẹdbịčạnạbị	hẹdbịčạbị	hẹdbịčạkạ	hẹdbịčạkạbị	hẹdbịčạm	hẹdbịłčạ
future-irrealis	hẹdbịłọlị	hẹdbịłọdị	hẹdbịłọk	hẹdbịłọkạbị	hẹdbịłọnạbị	hẹdbịłọbị	hẹdbịłọkạ	hẹdbịłọnạ	hẹdbịłọšụm	hẹdbịbạ

Syntax

SOV with prepositions