Jaqatil

What & Why Jaŋatil?

Jaŋatil is a common Turkic language.

 

Sounds & Letters

Consonants

	Bilabial	Labiodental	Dental	Postalveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Plosive	p   b		t   d			k   g	ʔ
Fricative	β	f	s   z	ʃ			h
Affricate					tɕ
Nasal	m		n			ŋ
Trill			r
Approximant			l		j

• /v/ or /w/ are allowed instead of /β/.
• /tʃ/, /ts/ or /ɕ/ are allowed instead of /tɕ/.
• At the beginning of a word /dʒ/, /dz/, /dʑ/, /ʑ/ or /ʒ/ are allowed instead of /j/.
• /h/ is interchangeable with /χ/.
• In a hard context /q/, /ʁ/ (/ɣ/) are allowed instead of /k/, /g/ respectively.
• In a soft context /k^j/, /g^j/, /l^j/ are allowed instead of /k/, /g/, /l/ respectively.

   

  Vowels

  	Front		Back
  	unrounded	rounded	unrounded	rounded
  Close	i	y	ɯ	u
  Open	æ	œ	a	o

   

  Characteristics of the vowels

  	Strong		Weak
  	unrounded	rounded	unrounded	rounded
  Hard	a	o	ɯ	u
  Soft	æ	œ	i	y

   

  Vowel harmony

  In a native Jaŋatil word each vowel must be either soft (front) or hard (back). This is called front/back harmony. The same is true for loanwords with the exception of letter i — we can combine it not only with the soft e, i, ö, ü but also with the hard a, ı, o, u. Thus any loanword written in the standard Latin alphabet can be borrowed without change.

  There is no rounded/unrounded harmony in the written language. Therefore in native words the weak rounded vowels u, ü may only be in the first syllable. However, one should round ı, i while speaking if they come immediately after a rounded vowel.

   

  Word stress

  Word stress is always put on the last vowel. But if you want to emphasize a word then you may stress another syllable.

   

  Writing Systems

  Latin			Cirillic	Arabic	IPA
  ASCII	Common	Rational
  A a	A a	A a	А а	ا	a
  B b	B b	B b	Б б	ب	b
  C c	C c	C c	Ч ч	چ	tɕ
  D d	D d	D d	Д д	د	d
  E e	E e	 â	Е е	اِ	æ
  F f	F f	F f	Ф ф	ف	f
  G g	G g	G g	Г г	گ/ غ	g
  H h	H h	H h	Х х	ه	h
  I i	İ i	Î î	И и	ىِ/ ـِ	i
  J j	J j	J j	Й й	ي/ ج	j
  K k	K k	K k	К к	ك/ ق	k
  L l	L l	L l	Л л	ل	l
  M m	M m	M m	М м	م	m
  N n	N n	N n	Н н	ن	n
  O o	O o	O o	О о	و	o
  O' o'	Ö ö	Ô ô	Ё ё	وِ	œ
  P p	P p	P p	П п	پ	p
  Q q	Ŋ ŋ	Ñ ñ	Ң ң	ڭ	ŋ
  R r	R r	R r	Р р	ر	r
  S s	S s	S s	С с	س	s
  T t	T t	T t	Т т	ت	t
  U u	U u	U u	У у	ـُ	u
  V v	Ü ü	Û û	Ю ю	ـُِ	y
  W w	W w	W w	В в	ۋ	β
  X x	Ş ş	Ş ş	Ш ш	ش	ʃ
  Y y	I ı	I ı	Ы ы	ى/ ـ	ɯ
  Z z	Z z	Z z	З з	ز	z
  `	`	`	Ъ ъ	ء	ʔ

   

  Writing Examples

  Latin			Cirillic	Arabic	IPA	Translation
  ASCII	Common	Rational
  tax	taş	taş	таш	تاش	taʃ	stone
  sekiz	sekiz	sâkız	секиз	ساِكىِز /سِاكىز	sækiz	eight
  altyncy	altıncı	altıncı	алтынчы	التىنچى	altɯnt͡ɕɯ	sixth

   

  Grammar

  Pronouns

  Who-ness & Whose-ness