Themsarian/Verbal subparadigms
Regular verbs
Subject affixes | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Present | ||||
Singular | Dual | Plural | ||
1.ex | mólīn, mólī(n)1- irḗdain, irēdai(n)1- térein, terei(n)1- |
móldir, móldir- irēdádir, irēdadir- terédir, teredir- |
mólmi, mólmī- irēdámi, irēdamī- terémi, teremī- | |
1.in | - | mólyvse, mólyvsi- irēdávse, irēdavsi- terévse, terevsi- |
mólynse, mólynsi- irēdánse, irēdansi- terénse, terensi- | |
2 | mólyr, mólyr- irḗdar, irēdar- térer, terer- |
mólyrse, mólyrsi- irēdárse, irēdarsi- terérse, terersi- |
mólylse, mólylsi- irēdálse, irēdalsi- terélse, terelsi- | |
3.m | mólym, mólm- irḗdam, irēdam- térem, terem- |
mólir, móliri- irēd́air, irēdairi- téreir, tereiri- |
mólvi, mólvie- irēdávi, irēdavie- terévi, terevie- | |
3.f | mólis, mólisi- irḗdais, irēdaisi- téreis, tereisi- |
mólti, móltie- irēdáti, irēdatie- teréti, teretie- | ||
Imperfect | ||||
Add the yn- prefix to the present forms. | ||||
Preterite | ||||
Singular | Dual | Plural | ||
1.ex | mólýn, mólýn- irēdán, irēdán- terén, terén- |
mólmor, mólmor- irēdámor, irēdamor- terémor, teremor- |
mólmā, mólmā- irēdámā, irēdamā- terémā, teremā- | |
1.in | - | móltor, móltor- irēdátor, irēdator- terétor, teretor- |
móltā, móltā- irēdátā, irēdatā- terétā, teretā- | |
2 | mólýr, mólýr- irēdár, irēdár- terér, terér- |
mólyrith, mólyrith- irēdárith, irēdarith- terérith, tererith- |
mólylis, mólylis- irēdális, irēdalis- terélis, terelis- | |
3.m | móla, mólam- irḗdā, irḗdām- térea, teream- |
mólarí, mólaríe- irēdārí, irēdāríe terearí, terearíe- |
mólaví, mólavíe- irēdāví, irēdāvíe tereaví, tereavíe- | |
3.f | mólar, mólar- irḗdār, irḗdār térear, terear- |
mólatí, mólatíe- irēdātí, irēdātíe tereatí, tereatíe- | ||
Future | ||||
Singular | Dual | Plural | ||
1.ex | mólḗn, mólḗn- irēdā́n, irēdā́n- teríen, teríen- |
mólḗdir, mólḗdir- irēdā́dir, irēdādir- teríedir, teriedir- |
mólḗmi, mólḗmī- irēdā́mi, irēdāmī- teríemi, teriemī- | |
1.in | - | mólḗvse, mólḗvsi- irēdā́vse, irēdāvsi- teríevse, terievsi- |
mólḗnse, mólḗnsi- irēdā́nse, irēdānsi- teríense, teriensi- | |
2 | mólḗr, mólḗr- irēdā́r, irēdā́r- teríer, teríer- |
mólḗrse, mólḗrsi- irēdā́rse, irēdārsi- teríerse, teriersi- |
mólḗlse, mólḗlsi- irēdā́lse, irēdālsi- teríelse, terielsi- | |
3.m | mólḗm, mólḗm- irēdā́m, irēdā́m- teríem, teríem- |
mólḗri, mólḗri- irēdā́ri, irēdā́ri- teríeri, teríeri- |
mólḗvi, mólḗvi- irēdā́vi, irēdā́vi- teríevi, terievi- | |
3.f | mólḗsi, mólḗsi- irēdā́si, irēdā́si- teríesi, teríesi- |
mólḗti, mólḗti- irēdā́ti, irēdā́ti- teríeti, terieti- | ||
Jussive | ||||
Singular | Dual | Plural | ||
1.ex | mólī́n, mólī́(n)1- irēdáin, irēdái(n)1- teréin, teréi(n)1- |
móldír, móldír- irēdadír, irēdadír- teredír, teredír- |
mólmí, mólmī́- irēdamí, irēdamī́- teremí, teremī́- | |
1.in | - | mólyvt, mólyvti- irēdavt, irēdavti- térevt, terevti- |
mólynt, mólynti- irēdant, irēdanti- térent, terenti- | |
2 | mólt, mólt- irēdat, irēdat- téret, teret- |
mólyrt, mólyrti- irēdart, irēdarti- térert, tererti- |
mólylt, mólylti- irēdalt, irēdalti- térelt, terelti- | |
3.m | mólmá, mólmā́- irēdamá, irēdamā́- teremá, teremā́- |
mólirá, mólirā́- irēdará, irēdarā́- tererá, tererā́- |
mólivá, mólivā́- irēdavá, irēdavā́- terevá, terevā́- | |
3.f | mólisá, mólisā́- irēdasá, irēdasā́- teresá, teresā́- |
mólitá, mólitā́- irēdatá, irēdatā́- teretá, teretā́- | ||
Imperative | ||||
Singular | Dual | Plural | ||
1.in | - | mólyvs, mólyvs- irēdavs, irēdavs- térevs, terevs- |
mólyns, mólyns- irēdans, irēdans- térens, terens- | |
2 | mól, mól- irēda, irēda- tére, tere- |
mólyrs, mólyrs- irēdars, irēdars- térers, terers- |
mólyls, mólyls- irēdals, irēdals- térels, terels- | |
Emphatic imperative | ||||
Singular | Dual | Plural | ||
1.in | - | mólḗvs, mólḗvs- irēdā́vs, irēdā́vs- teríevs, teríevs- |
mólḗns, mólḗns- irēdā́ns, irēdā́ns- teríens, teríens- | |
2 | mólḗ, mólḗ- irēdā́, irēdā́- teríe, teríe- |
mólḗrs, mólḗrs- irēdā́rs, irēdā́rs- teríers, teríers- |
mólḗls, mólḗls- irēdā́ls, irēdā́ls- teríels, teríels- | |
Non-finite forms | ||||
Present participle |
mólyrylF, mólyrl- irēdárylF, irēdárl- terérylF, terérl- | |||
Imperfect participle |
Prefix yn- to the present participle. | |||
Preterite participle |
mólnárylF, mólnárl- irēdanárylF, irēdanárl- terenárylF, terenárl- | |||
Future participle |
mólḗrylF, mólḗrl- irēdā́rylF, irēdā́rl- teríerylF, teríerl- | |||
Infinitive | mólsM irēdásM terésM | |||
Supine | mólḗðM irēdā́ðM térieðM |
Semivowel stems
*j-stems
áubiī́ - attack, strike
Imperative | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.in | - | áubivs | áubins |
2 | áubi | áubirs | áubils |
Present | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | áubiī | áubidir | áubima |
1.in | - | áubivse | áubinse |
2 | áubir | áubirse | áubilse |
3/4.m | áubi | áubīr | áubivi |
3/4.f | áubīs | áubiti |
Past perfective | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | áubín | áubisid | áubimi |
1.in | - | áubitar | áubitā |
2 | áubír | áubirith | áubilith |
3/4.m | áubisa | áubisrí | áubisví |
3/4.f | áubisar | áubistí |
Future | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | áubī́n | áubī́dir | áubī́ma |
1.in | - | áubī́vse | áubī́nse |
2 | áubī́r | áubī́rse | áubī́lse |
3/4.m | áubī́ | áubī́ri | áubiī́vi |
3/4.f | áubī́s | áubī́ti |
Jussive | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | áubiī́ | áubirdá | áubimir |
1.in | - | áubivt | áubint |
2 | áubit | áubirt | áubilt |
3/4.m | áubimá | áubīrá | áubiħá |
3/4.f | áubīsá | áubitá |
*w-stems
qervī́ - pack, condense
Imperative | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.in | - | qéruvs | qéruns |
2 | qéry | qérurs | qéruls |
Present | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | qérvī | qérudir | qéruma |
1.in | - | qéruvse | qérunse |
2 | qérur | qérurse | qérulse |
3/4.m | qéry | qervir | qéruvi |
3/4.f | qérvis | qéruti |
Past perfective | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | qerún | qérusid | qérumi |
1.in | - | qérutar | qérutā |
2 | qerúr | qérurith | qérulith |
3/4.m | qérusa | qerusrí | qerusví |
3/4.f | qérusar | qerustí |
Future | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | qervḗn | qervḗdir | qervḗma |
1.in | - | qervḗvse | qervḗnse |
2 | qervḗr | qervḗrse | qervḗlse |
3/4.m | qervḗ | qervḗri | qervḗvi |
3/4.f | qervéis | qervḗti |
Jussive | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | qervī́ | qerurdá | qérumir |
1.in | - | qéruvt | qérunt |
2 | qérut | qérurt | qérult |
3/4.m | qerumá | qervirá | qeruħá |
3/4.f | qervisá | qerutá |
Labial obstruent stems
-vi, -vie- "dissimilates" to -ħi, -ħie-
duobī́ - to be assembled
Coronal obstruent stems
*t-, *d-, *tʰ-, *s-stems
{*t *d *tʰ *s}
- > s / _t
- > r / _d
qvothī́ - shout
Imperative | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.in | - | qvóthyvs | qvóthyns |
2 | qvóth | qvóthyrs | qvóthyls |
Present | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | qvóthī | qvórdir | qvóthma |
1.in | - | qvóthyvse | qvóthynse |
2 | qvóthyr | qvóthyrse | qvóthylse |
3/4.m | qvóthe | qvóthir | qvóthvi |
3/4.f | qvóthis | qvósti |
Past perfective | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | qvothýn | qvóssid | qvóthmi |
1.in | - | qvóstar | qvóstā |
2 | qvothýr | qvóthrith | qvóthlith |
3/4.m | qvóssa | qvosrí | qvosví |
3/4.f | qvóssar | qvostí |
Jussive | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | qvothī́ | qvothyrdá | qvóthmir |
1.in | - | qvóthyvt | qvóthynt |
2 | qvóthyt | qvóthyrt | qvóthylt |
3/4.m | qvothmá | qvothirá | qvothħá |
3/4.f | qvothisá | qvostá |
*z-stems
fáerī́ - interlock, jam
Imperative | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.in | - | fáéryvs | fáéryns |
2 | fáér | fáéryrs | fáéryls |
Present | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | fáérī | fáérdir | fáérma |
1.in | - | fáéryvse | fáérynse |
2 | fáéryr | fáéryrse | fáérylse |
3/4.m | fáére | fáerir | fáérvi |
3/4.f | fáéris | fáésti |
Past perfective | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | fáerýn | fáéssid | fáérmi |
1.in | - | fáéstar | fáéstā |
2 | fáerýr | fáérrith | fáerlith |
3/4.m | fáéssa | fáesrí | fáesví |
3/4.f | fáéssar | fáestí |
Jussive | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | fáerī́ | fáeryrdá | fáérmir |
1.in | - | fáéryvt | fáérynt |
2 | fáeryt | fáéryrt | fáérylt |
3/4.m | fáermá | fáerirá | fáerħá |
3/4.f | fáerisá | fáestá |
*ʒ-stems
néuzī́ - pound, stamp
Imperative | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.in | - | néuryvs | néuzyns |
2 | néuz | néuzyrs | néuzyls |
Present | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | néuzī | néurdir | néurma |
1.in | - | néuryvse | néuzynse |
2 | néuzyr | néuzyrse | néuzylse |
3/4.m | néuze | néuzir | néuzvi |
3/4.f | néuzis | néusti |
Past perfective | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | néuzýn | néussid | néurmi |
1.in | - | néustar | néustā |
2 | néuzýr | néurrith | néurlith |
3/4.m | néussa | néusrí | néusví |
3/4.f | néussar | néustí |
Jussive | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | néuzī́ | néuzyrdá | néurmir |
1.in | - | néuryvt | néuzynt |
2 | néuzyt | néuzyrt | néuzylt |
3/4.m | néurmá | néuzirá | néurħá |
3/4.f | néuzisá | néustá |
*ç- and *ƶ-stems
{*ç, *ƶ}
- > ch / _*C[+coronal +plosive]
- > s / _*C[+coronal +fricative/affricate]
- > [ː~] / _{*ç, *ƶ}
- > th, ð otherwise
rȳthī́ - classify, categorize
Imperative | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.in | - | rȳ̌thyvs | rȳ̌thyns |
2 | rȳ̌th | rȳ̌thyrs | rȳ̌thyls |
Present | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | rȳ̌thī | rȳ̌chdir | rȳ̌thma |
1.in | - | rȳ̌thyvse | rȳ̌thynse |
2 | rȳ̌thyr | rȳ̌thyrse | rȳ̌thylse |
3/4.m | rȳ̌the | rȳ̌thir | rȳ̌thvi |
3/4.f | rȳ̌this | rȳ̌chti |
Past perchective | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | rȳthýn | rȳ̌ssid | rȳ̌thmi |
1.in | - | rȳ̌chtar | rȳ̌chtā |
2 | rȳthýr | rȳ̌thrith | rȳ̌thlith |
3/4.m | rȳ̌ssa | rȳsrí | rȳsví |
3/4.f | rȳ̌ssar | rȳstí |
Jussive | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | rȳthī́ | rȳthyrdá | rȳ̌thmir |
1.in | - | rȳ̌thyvt | rȳ̌thynt |
2 | rȳ̌thyt | rȳ̌thyrt | rȳ̌thylt |
3/4.m | rȳthmá | rȳthirá | rȳthħá |
3/4.f | rȳthisá | rȳchtá |
Velar stems
C[+plosive, +velar] > ch / _d/t/ŧ
g > c / _C[-voiced]
uogī́ - err, miss
Imperative | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.in | - | ǔogyvs | ǔogyns |
2 | ǔog | ǔogyrs | ǔogyls |
Present | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | ǔogī | ǔochdir | ǔogma |
1.in | - | ǔogyvse | ǔogynse |
2 | ǔogyr | ǔogyrse | ǔogylse |
3/4.m | ǔoge | ǔogir | ǔogvi |
3/4.f | ǔogis | ǔochti |
Past perfective | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | uogýn | ǔocsid | ǔogmi |
1.in | - | ǔochtar | ǔochtā |
2 | uogýr | ǔogrith | ǔoglith |
3/4.m | ǔocsa | uocsrí | uocsví |
3/4.f | ǔocsar | uocstí |
Jussive | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | uogī́ | uogyrdá | ǔogmir |
1.in | - | ǔogyvt | ǔogynt |
2 | ǔogyt | ǔogyrt | ǔogylt |
3/4.m | uogmá | uogirá | uogħá |
3/4.f | uogisá | uochtá |
Guttural stems
Radical stems
*q-stems
*ʁ-stems
*qʰ-stems
*ʔ-stems
*ʔ
- > [ː~] / V_CV
- > [~ː] / V_CC
hēseī́ - feel, emote
Imperative | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.in | - | hēsḗvs | hēsḗns |
2 | hēsé | hēsḗrs | hēsḗls |
Present | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | hēséī | hēséddir | hēsémma |
1.in | - | hēsḗvse | hēsḗnse |
2 | hēséyr | hēsḗrse | hēsḗlse |
3/4.m | hēsé | hēséìr | hēsévvi |
3/4.f | hēséìs | hēsétti |
Past perfective | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | hēseýn | hēséssid | hēsémmi |
1.in | - | hēséttar | hēséttā |
2 | hēseýr | hēsérrith | hēséllith |
3/4.m | hēséssa | hēsēsrí | hēsēsví |
3/4.f | hēséssar | hēsēstí |
Future | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | hēseḗn | hēseḗdir | hēseḗma |
1.in | - | hēseḗvse | hēseḗnse |
2 | hēseḗr | hēseḗrse | hēseḗlse |
3/4.m | hēseḗ | hēseḗri | hēseḗvi |
3/4.f | hḗseéis | hḗseḗti |
Jussive | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | hēseī́ | hēsērdá | hēsémmir |
1.in | - | hēsḗvt | hēsḗnt |
2 | hēsḗt | hēsḗrt | hēsḗlt |
3/4.m | hēsemmá | hēseìrá | hēsēħá |
3/4.f | hēseìsá | hēsettá |
*{m, n, l, r}ʔ-stems
*{m, n, l, r}ʔ
- > mp, {n, l, r}t
- > m / _C[+labial +obstruent], {n, l, r} / _C[+coronal +obstruent]
híltī́ - imply, make transparent
Imperative | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.in | - | híltyvs | híltyns |
2 | hílt | híltyrs | híltyls |
Present | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | híltī | híldir | híltma |
1.in | - | híltyvse | híltynse |
2 | híltyr | híltyrse | híltylse |
3/4.m | hílte | híltir | híltvi |
3/4.f | híltis | hílti |
Past perfective | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | híltýn | hílsid | híltmi |
1.in | - | híltar | híltā |
2 | híltýr | híltrith | híltlith |
3/4.m | hílsa | hílsrí | hílsví |
3/4.f | hílsar | hílstí |
Jussive | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | híltī́ | híltyrdá | híltmir |
1.in | - | híltyvt | híltynt |
2 | híltyt | híltyrt | híltylt |
3/4.m | híltmá | híltirá | híltħá |
3/4.f | híltisá | híltá |
h-stems
*h
- > [ː~] / V_C[+fricative]V
- > [~ː] / V_C[otherwise]
bohī́ - measure
Imperative | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.in | - | bō̌vs | bō̌ns |
2 | bō̌ | bō̌rs | bō̌ls |
Present | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | bóhī | bō̌dir | bō̌ma |
1.in | - | bō̌vse | bō̌nse |
2 | bóhyr | bō̌rse | bō̌lse |
3/4.m | bóhe | bóhir | bō̌vi |
3/4.f | bóhis | bō̌ti |
Past perfective | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | bohýn | bóssid | bō̌mi |
1.in | - | bō̌tar | bō̌tā |
2 | bohýr | bō̌rith | bō̌lith |
3/4.m | bóssa | bōsrí | bōsví |
3/4.f | bóssar | bōstí |
Jussive | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | bohī́ | bō̌rdá | bō̌mir |
1.in | - | bō̌vt | bō̌nt |
2 | bō̌t | bō̌rt | bō̌lt |
3/4.m | bōmá | bohirá | bōħá |
3/4.f | bohisá | bōtá |
*{m, n, l, r}h-stems
*{m, n, l, r}h
- > mf, {n, l, r}th
- > m / _C[+labial +obstruent], {n, l, r} / _C[+coronal +obstruent]
inthī́ - lie (be in a supine position)
Imperative | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.in | - | ínthyvs | ínthyns |
2 | ínth | ínthyrs | ínthyls |
Present | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | ínthī | índir | ínthma |
1.in | - | ínthyvse | ínthynse |
2 | ínthyr | ínthyrse | ínthylse |
3/4.m | ínthe | ínthir | ínthvi |
3/4.f | ínthis | ínti |
Past perfective | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | inthýn | ínsid | ínthmi |
1.in | - | íntar | íntā |
2 | inthýr | ínthrith | ínthlith |
3/4.m | ínsa | insrí | insví |
3/4.f | ínsar | instí |
Jussive | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | inthī́ | inthyrdá | ínthmir |
1.in | - | ínthyvt | ínthynt |
2 | ínthyt | ínthyrt | ínthylt |
3/4.m | inthmá | inthirá | inthħá |
3/4.f | inthisá | intá |
Irregular verbs
Suppletive verbs
Suppletive verbs have many monosyllabic forms; in order to compensate for the lack of tonal information other roots were grafted into their paradigms.
vā́cī́n - copula
The copula is highly suppletive. The present, future, jussive and the infinitives share the stem vā́c-, while the imperfect has the stem ynt- (< *ʔṇʔ-). (There is no preterite.) Note also the preterite endings in the imperfect tense.
Imperative | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.in | - | vā́cyvs | vā́cyns |
2 | vā́c | vā́cyrs | vā́cyls |
Present | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | (vā́cīn) | (vā́chdir) | (vā́cmi) |
1.in | - | (vā́cyvse) | (vā́cynse) |
2 | (vā́cyr) | (vā́cyrse) | (vā́cylse) |
3/4.m | (vā́ce) | (vā́cir) | (vā́cvi) |
3/4.f | (vā́cis) | (vā́chti) |
Present subjunctive | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | ávā́cīn | ávā́chdir | ávā́cmi |
1.in | - | ávā́cyvse | ávā́cynse |
2 | ávā́cyr | ávā́cyrse | ávā́cylse |
3/4.m | ávā́ce | ávā́cir | ávā́cvi |
3/4.f | ávā́cis | ávā́chti |
Imperfect | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | yntýn | ýnsid | ýntmā |
1.in | - | ýntar | ýntā |
2 | yntýr | ýntrith | ýntlith |
3/4.m | ýnta | yntarí | yntaví |
3/4.f | ýntar | yntatí |
Imperfect subjunctive | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | ēntýn | ḕnsid | ḕntmā |
1.in | - | ḕntar | ḕntā |
2 | ēntýr | ḕntrith | ḕntlith |
3/4.m | ḕnta | ēntarí | ēntaví |
3/4.f | ḕntar | ēntatí |
Jussive | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
1.ex | vā́cī́n | vā́chdír | vā́cmí |
1.in | - | vā́cyvt | vā́cynt |
2 | vā́cyt | vā́cyrt | vā́cylt |
3/4.m | vā́cmá | vā́cirá | vā́cħá |
3/4.f | vā́cisá | vā́chtá |
morī́ - 'exist'
Reduplicating stems
These verbs are reflexes of monosyllabic verbs whose stem originally consisted of consonant clusters with no vowel and was subsequently reduplicated to accommodate tonal patterns. They comprise a few irregular verbs.