Jualio

Jualio
jualio
Pronunciation	[ʒwàʎó]
Created by	Imralu
Date	2022
Native speakers	unknown ({{{date}}})
Language family	Presumed language isolate Jualio

Nominal Tables

Here is the entire set of nominals in the nominative case. The demonstrative forms given here can be analysed as contractions of nominals with the demonstrative verbals tie, tia and tio and in some varieties of Iliaqu, other nominals can also be combined with demonstratives. For more information and tables of the demonstrative forms, see the section on demonstratives.

Simple pronominals:		singular		plural
Animate:		accessible	inaccessible	accessible	inaccessible
1st person	definite	na	nu	ina	inu
2nd person	definite	ua	vu	iua	ivu
3rd person	definite	ja	ju	ija	iju
	specific	ma	mu	ima	imu
	generic	u		iu
Simple pronominals:		singular		plural
Inanimate:		neutral	dangerous	neutral	dangerous
3rd person	definite	xu	bu	ixu	ibu
	specific	zu	tu	izu	itu
	inanimate generic	a	au	ia	iau
Demonstrative pronominals		singular		plural
Animate:		accessible	inaccessible	accessible	inaccessible
3rd person definite	proximate	jaie	juue	ijaie	ijuue
	medial	jaia	juua	ijaia	ijuua
	distal	jaio	juuo	ijaio	ijuuo
Demonstrative pronominals		singular		plural
Animate:		neutral	dangerous	neutral	dangerous
3rd person inanimate definite	proximate	xuue	buue	ixuue	ibuue
	medial	xuua	buua	ixuua	ibuua
	distal	xuuo	buuo	ixuuo	ibuuo
Compound pronominals		accessible	inaccessible	dominant	subordinate
2nd + 1st person	dual	uana	vunu	uanu	vuna
	plural	iuana	ivunu	iuanu	ivuna
Complimentisers		temporal		non-temporal
		kuo		zuo

First Person

First person nominals are all definite and animate.

	ICS Sg.	ICS. Pl.	ACS Sg.	ACS. Pl.
Nominative	nu	inu	na	ina
Accusative	ni	ini	ne	ine
Dative	eni	ieni	ene	iene
Ablative	nui	inui	nai	inai
Locative	nua	inua	ana	iana
Genitive	uni	iuni	une	iune
Possessive	unu	iunu	una	iuna
Vocative	enu	einu	ena	eina
Causal	teni	teini	tene	teine
Benefactive	kuani	kuaini	kuane	kuaine
Instrumental	ani	aini	ane	aine
Comitative	leni	leini	lene	leine
Topical	veni	veini	vene	veine
Essive	onu	oinu	ona	oina

Second Person

Second person nominals are all definite and animate.

	ICS.SG	ICS:PL	ACS.SG	ACS.PL
Nominative	vu	ivu	ua	iua
Accusative	ui	iui	ue	iue
Dative	eui	ieui	eue	ieue
Ablative	vui	ivui	uai	iuai
Locative	vua	ivua	aua	iaua
Genitive	uui	iuui	uue	iuue
Possessive	uvu	iuvu	uua	iuua
Vocative	evu	eivu	eua	eiua
Causal	teui	teiui	teue	teiue
Benefactive	kuaui	kuaiui	kuaue	kuaiue
Instrumental	aui	aiui	aue	aiue
Comitative	leui	leiui	leue	leiue
Topical	veui	veiui	veue	veiue
Essive	ovu	oivu	oua	oiua

Second Person + First Person (First Person Inclusive)

First person inclusive nominals are all definite and animate. Because of the combination of first and second persons into a single word, the four stances, accessible, inaccessible, dominant, submissive are represented within single words.

	ICS.DU	ACS.DU	DOM.DU	SUB.DU	ICS.PL	ACS.PL	DOM.PL	SUB.PL
Nominative	vunu	uana	uanu	vuna	ivunu	iuana	iuanu	ivuna
Accusative	uini	uene	ueni	uine	iuini	iuene	iueni	iuine
Dative	euini	euene	eueni	euine	ieuini	ieuene	ieueni	ieuine
Ablative	vuinui	uainai	uainui	vuinai	ivuinui	iuainai	iuainui	ivuinai
Locative	vuanua	auana	auanua	vuana	ivuanua	iauana	iauanua	ivuana
Genitive	uuini	uuene	uueni	uuine	iuuini	iuuene	iuueni	iuuine
Possessive	uvunu	uuana	uuanu	uvuna	iuvunu	iuuana	iuuanu	iuvuna
Vocative	evunu	euana	euanu	evuna	eivunu	eiuana	eiuanu	eivuna
Causal	teuini	teuene	teueni	teuine	teiuini	teiuene	teiueni	teiuine
Benefactive	kuauini	kuauene	kuaueni	kuauine	kuaiuini	kuaiuene	kuaiueni	kuaiuine
Instrumental	auini	auene	aueni	auine	aiuini	aiuene	aiueni	aiuine
Comitative	leuini	leuene	leueni	leuine	leiuini	leiuene	leiueni	leiuine
Topical	veuini	veuene	veueni	veuine	veiuini	veiuene	veiueni	veiuine
Essive	ovunu	ouana	ouanu	ovuna	oivunu	oiuana	oiuanu	oivuna

Third Person

Definite

	ICS Sg.	ICS. Pl.	ACS Sg.	ACS. Pl.	Inan. Sg.	Inan. Pl.
Nominative	ju	iju	ja	ija	xu	ixu
Accusative	ji	iji	je	ije	xi	ixi
Dative	eji	ieji	eje	ieje	exi	iexi
Ablative	jui	ijui	jai	ijai	xui	ixui
Locative	jua	ijua	aja	iaja	xua	ixua
Genitive	uji	iuji	uje	iuje	uxi	iuxi
Possessive	uju	iuju	uja	iuja	*uxu	*iuxu
Vocative	eju	eiju	eja	eija	exu	eixu
Causal	teji	teiji	teje	teije	texi	teixi
Benefactive	kuaji	kuaiji	kuaje	kuaije	kuaxi	kuaixi
Instrumental	aji	aiji	aje	aije	axi	aixi
Comitative	leji	leiji	leje	leije	lexi	leixi
Topical	veji	veiji	veje	veije	vexi	veixi
Essive	oju	oiju	oja	oija	oxu	oixu

*rare, theoretical

Indefinite, Specific

	ICS Sg.	ICS. Pl.	ACS Sg.	ACS. Pl.	Inan. Sg.	Inan. Pl.
Nominative	mu	imu	ma	ima	zu	izu
Accusative	mi	imi	me	ime	zi	izi
Dative	emi	iemi	eme	ieme	ezi	iezi
Ablative	mui	imui	mai	imai	zui	izui
Locative	mua	imua	ama	iama	zua	izua
Genitive	umi	iumi	ume	iume	uzi	iuzi
Possessive	umu	iumu	uma	iuma	*uzu	*iuzu
Vocative	emu	eimu	ema	eima	ezu	eizu
Causal	temi	teimi	teme	teime	tezi	teizi
Benefactive	kuami	kuaimi	kuame	kuaime	kuazi	kuaizi
Instrumental	ami	aimi	ame	aime	azi	aizi
Comitative	lemi	leimi	leme	leime	lezi	leizi
Topical	vemi	veimi	veme	veime	vezi	veizi
Essive	omu	oimu	oma	oima	ozu	oizu

*rare, theoretical

Indefinite, Non-Specific (General)

	ANIM Sg.	ANIM Pl.	INAN Sg.	INAN Pl.
Nominative	u	iu	a	ia
Accusative	i	iri	e	ie
Dative	eri	ieri	ere	iere
Ablative	ui	iui	ai	iai
Locative	aru	iaru	ara	iara
Genitive	uri	iuri	ure	iure
Possessive	uru	iuru	ura*	iura*
Vocative	eru	eiu	era	eia
Causal	teri	teiri	tere	teie
Benefactive	kuari	kuairi	kuare	kuaie
Instrumental	ari	airi	are	aie
Comitative	leri	leiri	lere	leie
Topical	veri	veiri	vere	veie
Essive	oru	oiu	ora	oia

*rare, theoretical

Complementisers

	"that"	rough translation	"the time that"	rough translation
Nominative	zuo	'that'	kuo	'the time when'
Accusative	jo	'that'	kio	'the time when'
Dative	ejo	'to the place where'	ekio	'until'
Ablative	zuio	'from the place where'	kuio	'since', 'after'
Locative	azuo	'in the place where'	akuo	'when'
Genitive	ujo		ukio
Possessive	*uzuo		*ukuo
Vocative	ezuo	'if only'	ekuo
Causal	tejo	'because'	tekio
Benefactive	kuajo	'so that'	kuakio	'in case'
Instrumental	ajo	'by V-ing'	akio
Comitative	lejo	'while'	lekio
Topical	vejo	'about V-ing'	vekio	'about the time when'
Essive	ozuo	'like'	okuo

* theoretical