Folksprak/Swadesh
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№ | English | Dutch | Luxembourgish | German | Swedish | Icelandic | Norwegian ( nynorsk ) | Folksprak |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | I | ik | ech | ich | jag | ég | eg | |
2 | you (singular) thou (dialectal, literary, or archaic) | jij , je (informal), u (formal) | du , de | du | du | þú | du , De (formal) | |
3 | he | hij | hien , en | er | han | hann | han | |
4 | we | wij , we | mir , mer | wir | vi | við | vi , me | |
5 | you , you all (plural) | jullie (informal), u (formal) | dir , der | ihr | ni , I (archaic) | þið | de , De (formal) | |
6 | they | zij , ze | si , se | sie | de | þeir / þær / þau | dei | |
7 | this | deze , dit | dësen , dës , dëst | dieser , -e , -es etc. | denna , detta , den här , det här , dessa (plural), de här (plural) | þessi / þetta | denne , dette , desse (plural) | |
8 | that | die , dat | deen , déi , dat | jener , -e , -es etc.; der , die , das , etc.; derjenige etc. | den , det , den där , det där | hinn / hin / hitt / sá / sú / það | den , det | |
9 | here | hier | hei | hier | här | hér / hérna | her | |
10 | there | daar | do | dort , da | där | þar / þarna | der | |
11 | who | wie | wien | wer | vem | hver | kven | |
12 | what | wat | wat | was | vad | hvað | kva | |
13 | where | waar | wou | wo | var | hvar | kvar , kor (degree) | |
14 | when | wanneer | wéini | wann | när | hvenær | kva tid , når | |
15 | how | hoe | wéi | wie | hur | hvernig | korleis , koss | |
16 | not | niet | net | nicht | inte , ej , icke (formal) | ekki , eigi | ikkje , ei | |
17 | all | al , alle | all | alle | allt , alla | allt , allir , öll | alt , alle , all | |
18 | many | menig , veel | vill | manch , viele | många | margir | mange | |
19 | some | enkele , sommige | puer , e puer | einige | några | nokkrir / sumir | noko , somt , sumt | |
20 | few | weinig | wéineg | wenige | få | fáir | få | |
21 | other | ander | aner | andere | annat , annan , andre (masculine definite), andra (plural) | annað , annar | anna , annan , andre (plural) | |
22 | one | een | een | eins | en , ett , e (dialectal feminine), ena (dialectal feminine) | einn , ein , eitt | ein , ei , eitt | |
23 | two | twee | zwee | zwei , zwo | två , tu (rare, dialectal) | tveir | to | |
24 | three | drie | dräi | drei | tre | þrír | tre , tri | |
25 | four | vier | véier | vier | fyra | fjórir | fire | |
26 | five | vijf | fënnef | fünf | fem | fimm | fem | |
27 | big , great | groot | grouss | groß | stor | stór | stor | |
28 | long | lang | laang | lang | lång | langur | lang | |
29 | wide ( broad ) | breed , wijd | breet | breit , weit | bred , vid | breiður / víður | brei , vid | |
30 | thick | dik | déck | dick | tjock | þykkur | tjukk | |
31 | heavy | zwaar | schwéier | schwer | tung | þungur | tung | |
32 | small ( little ) | klein | kleng | klein | liten , små (plural) | lítill | liten , litle / lisle / vesle (definite), små / småe (plural) | |
33 | short | kort | kuerz | kurz | kort | stuttur | kort , stutt | |
34 | narrow | smal , nauw , eng | schmuel | eng , schmal | trång , smal | þröngur , krappur | smal , trong | |
35 | thin | dun | dënn | dünn | tunn | þunnur | tynn , tunn | |
36 | woman | vrouw | Fra | Frau | kvinna | kona | kvinne , kvinna , kvinnfolk | |
37 | man (adult male) | man | Mann | Mann | man | karl / karlmaður | mann , kar , kall | |
38 | man (human being) | mens | Mënsch | Mensch | människa , mänska (dialectal or archaic) | maður / manneskja | menneske , menneskje (human kind) | |
39 | child (a youth) | kind | Kand | Kind | barn | barn | barn , unge | |
40 | wife | vrouw , echtgenote | Fra | Frau , Ehefrau | hustru , maka , fru , viv (archaic) | eiginkona | kone , kona , hustru , viv (poetic) | |
41 | husband | man , echtgenoot | Mann | Mann , Ehemann | man , make | eiginmaður | mann | |
42 | mother | moeder | Mamm | Mutter | mamma , mor , moder (archaic) | móðir | mor , moder (poetic), mamma | |
43 | father | vader | Papp | Vater | pappa , far , fader (archaic) | faðir | far , fader (poetic), pappa | ᚠᚪᛞᛖᚱ 'fader' |
44 | animal ( beast ) | dier , beest | Déier | Tier | djur | dýr | dyr | |
45 | fish | vis | Fësch | Fisch | fisk | fiskur | fisk | |
46 | bird ( fowl ) | vogel | Vull | Vogel | fågel | fugl | fugl | ᚠᚩᚷᛖᛚ 'fogel' |
47 | dog ( hound ) | hond | Hond , Mupp | Hund | hund | hundur | hund | |
48 | louse | luis | Laus | Laus | lus | lús | lus | |
49 | snake | slang | Schlaang | Schlange | orm | snákur , ormur , slanga | orm , slange | |
50 | worm | worm | Wuerm | Wurm | mask | maðkur , ormur | makk , orm | |
51 | tree | boom | Bam | Baum | träd | tré | tre | ᛒᛟᛗ 'bom' |
52 | forest | woud , bos | Bësch | Wald | skog | skógur | skog | |
53 | stick (of wood) | stok | Bengel | Stock | pinne | stafur / prik | pinne , kjepp , kvist | |
54 | fruit | fruit , vrucht | Fruucht | Frucht , Obst | frukt | ávöxtur | frukt | |
55 | seed | zaad | Som | Samen | frö , säd (uncountable, grain) | fræ / sæði (sperm) | frø , sæd (sperm) | |
56 | leaf | blad | Blat | Blatt | löv , blad | laufblað / lauf / blað | blad , lauv | |
57 | root | wortel | Wuerzel | Wurzel | rot | rót | rot | |
58 | bark (of tree) | schors , bast | Schuel | Rinde | bark , näver (bark of birch) | börkur | bork , never (bark of birch) | |
59 | flower , blossom , ( bloom ) | bloem | Blumm | Blume | blomma | blóm | blome , blom | |
60 | grass | gras | Gras | Gras | gräs | gras | gras | |
61 | rope | touw , koord | Seel | Seil | rep | reipi | reip , tog , tau | |
62 | skin ( hide ) | huid | Haut | Haut | hud , skinn | húð | hud , skinn (animal skin) | |
63 | meat , flesh (as in flesh ) | vlees | Fleesch | Fleisch | kött | kjöt | kjøtt , kjøt | |
64 | blood | bloed | Blutt | Blut | blod | blóð | blod | |
65 | bone | been , bot | Schank | Knochen , Bein (leg) | ben | bein | bein | |
66 | fat (noun) | vet | Fett | Fett | fett | fita | feitt | |
67 | egg | ei | Ee | Ei | ägg | egg | egg | |
68 | horn | hoorn | Har | Horn | horn | horn | horn | |
69 | tail | staart | Schwanz | Schwanz | svans | hali / skott / rófa / sporður / dindill | hale | |
70 | feather (rather not down) | veer | Fieder , Plomm | Feder | fjäder | fjöður | fjør | |
71 | hair | haar | Hoer | Haar | hår | hár | hår | |
72 | head | hoofd , kop | Kapp | Kopf , Haupt | huvud | höfuð / haus | hovud | |
73 | ear | oor | Ouer | Ohr | öra | eyra | øyre , øyra | |
74 | eye | oog | A | Auge | öga | auga | auga | |
75 | nose | neus | Nues | Nase | näsa , nos (of an animal) | nef | nase | |
76 | mouth | mond | Mond | Mund | mun | munnur | munn | |
77 | tooth (rather not molar) | tand | Zant | Zahn | tand | tönn | tann , tonn | |
78 | tongue | tong | Zong | Zunge | tunga | tunga | tunge , tunga | |
79 | fingernail , nail | vingernagel , nagel | Nol , ( Fangernol ) | Fingernagel | nagel | nögl | nagl | |
80 | foot | voet | Fouss | Fuß | fot | fótur | fot | |
81 | leg | been | Been | Bein | ben | fótleggur | bein , legg (shin) | |
82 | knee | knie | Knéi | Knie | knä | hné | kne | |
83 | hand | hand | Hand | Hand | hand | hönd | hand | |
84 | wing | vleugel | Flillek | Flügel | vinge | vængur | veng , vengje | |
85 | belly , stomach (medical) | buik | Bauch | Bauch | mage | magi / kviður / búkur | mage , buk (animal belly) | |
86 | guts , intestines (medical), entrails | ingewanden , darmen | Träipen | Eingeweide , Gedärme | inälvor | innyfli | innvolar | |
87 | neck | nek (back), hals (front) | Hals | Hals | hals (front), nacke (back) | háls | nakke (back), hals (front) | |
88 | back | rug | Réck | Rücken | rygg | bak | rygg , bak (rare) | |
89 | breast | borst | Broscht | Brust | bröst | brjóst | bryst | |
90 | heart | hart | Häerz | Herz | hjärta | hjarta | hjarta | |
91 | liver | lever | Liewer | Leber | lever | lifur | lever | |
92 | to drink | drinken | drénken | trinken | dricka | drekka | drikka | |
93 | to eat | eten | iessen | essen | äta | borða , éta | eta , spisa | |
94 | to bite | bijten | bäissen | beissen | bita | bíta | bita | |
95 | to suck | zuigen | suckelen | saugen | suga | sjúga , soga | suga | |
96 | to spit | spuwen | späizen | spucken | spotta | skyrpa , spýta , hrækja | spytta | |
97 | to vomit , to throw up | braken , overgeven | katzen | erbrechen | spy , kräkas | kasta upp , æla | spy , kasta opp | |
98 | to blow (as wind) | blazen | blosen | blasen | blåsa | blása | blåsa | |
99 | to breathe | ademen | otmen | atmen | andas | anda | anda , pusta | |
100 | to laugh | lachen | laachen | lachen | skratta | hlæja | le | |
101 | to see | zien | gesinn , kucken | sehen | se | sjá | sjå | |
102 | to hear | horen | héieren | hören | höra | heyra | høyra | |
103 | to know | weten | wëssen ; kennen | wissen ; kennen | veta | vita , þekkja , kunna | veta | |
104 | to think | denken | denken | denken | tänka | hugsa | tenkja | |
105 | to smell (sense odor) | ruiken | richen | riechen | lukta | lykta , þefa | lukta | |
106 | to fear | vrezen | fäerten | fürchten | frukta , rädas | óttast , hræðast | ottast , vera redd for | |
107 | to sleep | slapen | schlofen | schlafen | sova | sofa | sova | |
108 | to live | leven | liewen | leben | leva | lifa | leva | |
109 | to die | sterven | stierwen | sterben | dö | deyja | døy | |
110 | to kill | doden | dout maachen | töten , umbringen | döda | drepa | drepa | |
111 | to fight (physically) | vechten | streiden | kämpfen | strida | slást , berjast | slåst | |
112 | to hunt (transitive) | jagen | joen | jagen | jaga | veiða | jakta , jaga , veida | |
113 | to hit | slaan , raken | schloen | schlagen | slå | slá , berja | slå | |
114 | to cut | knippen , snijden | schneiden | schneiden | skära | skera | skjera | |
115 | to split | splijten | deelen | teilen , spalten | dela , klyva | kljúfa , skipta | kløyva , skilja , dela | |
116 | to stab (or stick) | steken | stiechen | stechen | sticka | stinga | stikka , stinga | |
117 | to scratch (an itch) | krabben | krazen | kratzen | klia | klóra | kleia , klå , klora (inflict pain) | |
118 | to dig | graven | buddelen | graben | gräva | grafa | grava | |
119 | to swim | zwemmen | schwammen | schwimmen | simma | synda | symja | |
120 | to fly | vliegen | fléien | fliegen | flyga | fljúga | fly , flyga | |
121 | to walk | lopen , stappen | goen | gehen | gå | ganga | gå , ganga (poetic/archaic) | |
122 | to come | komen | kommen | kommen | komma | koma | koma | |
123 | to lie (down) (as on one's side) | liggen | leien | liegen (passive), legen (active) | ligga | liggja | liggja | |
124 | to sit | zitten | sëtzen | sitzen | sitta | sitja | sitja | |
125 | to stand | staan | stoen | stehen | stå | standa | stå , standa | |
126 | to turn (change direction) | draaien | dréinen | drehen | svänga | snúa , beygja | snu , venda | |
127 | to fall (as in drop) | vallen | falen | fallen | falla | detta , falla | falla , detta | |
128 | to give | geven | ginn | geben | ge | gefa | gje , gjeva | |
129 | to hold , to grasp (in one's hand) | houden | halen | halten | hålla | halda | halda | |
130 | to squeeze | knijpen | drécken | quetschen | klämma | kreista | klemma , trykkja | |
131 | to rub | wrijven | reiwen | reiben | gnida , gnugga | nudda , núa | gnida , gni , gnu | |
132 | to wash | wassen | wäschen | waschen | tvätta | þvo | vaska , två | |
133 | to wipe | vegen | wëschen | wischen | rensa | þurrka | tørka , turka | |
134 | to pull ( drag ) | trekken | zéien | ziehen | dra | toga , draga | dra , draga | |
135 | to push | duwen | drécken | drücken | trycka | ýta | dytta , skuva , skumpa | |
136 | to throw | werpen , gooien | schéissen | werfen | kasta | kasta , henda | kasta , slengja , hiva | |
137 | to tie ( bind ) | vastmaken , binden | bannen | binden | knyta , binda | binda | binda , knyta | |
138 | to sew | naaien | bitzen | nähen | sy | sauma | sy , sauma | |
139 | to count | tellen | zielen | zählen | räkna | telja | telja | |
140 | to say | zeggen | soen | sagen | säga | segja | seia | |
141 | to sing | zingen | sangen | singen | sjunga | syngja | syngja | |
142 | to play | spelen | spillen | spielen | leka | leika | leika | |
143 | to float | drijven (water), zweven (air) | schwiewen (air), schwammen (water) | schweben (air), schwimmen (water), gleiten (surface of something) | flyta | fljóta | flyta | |
144 | to flow , to run | vloeien | fléissen | fließen | rinna | streyma , renna | fløyma , renna , strøyma , flyta | |
145 | to freeze | vriezen | fréieren | frieren | frysa | frjósa | frysa | |
146 | to swell | zwellen | schwëllen | schwellen | svälla | þrútna , bólgna , ólga | hovna , svella , trutna | |
147 | sun | zon | Sonn | Sonne | sol | sól | sol | |
148 | moon | maan | Mound | Mond | måne | tungl , máni | måne | |
149 | star | ster | Stär | Stern | stjärna | stjarna | stjerne , stjerna | |
150 | water | water | Waasser | Wasser | vatten | vatn | vatn | |
151 | rain | regen | Reen | Regen | regn | rigning , regn | regna | |
152 | river | rivier | Floss | Fluß | flod , älv | á , fljót | elv , å (small) | |
153 | lake | meer | Séi | See | sjö , tjärn (dialectal, a small lake) | vatn , stöðuvatn | innsjø , vatn , tjørn , tjern | |
154 | sea (as in ocean) | zee | Mier | Meer | hav | sjór | hav , sjø | |
155 | salt | zout | Salz | Salz | salt | salt | salt | |
156 | stone , ( rock ) | steen | Steen | Stein | sten | steinn | stein | |
157 | sand | zand | Sand | Sand | sand | sandur | sand | |
158 | dust | stof | Stëbs | Staub | damm , stoft | ryk | bos , støv , dust | |
159 | earth (as in soil) | aarde | Buedem | Erde , Boden | jord | jörð | jord | ᛖᚱᛞ erd |
160 | cloud | wolk | Wollek | Wolke | moln | ský | sky | |
161 | fog , ( mist ) | mist , nevel | Niwwel | Nebel | dimma | þoka | tåke , skodde | |
162 | sky | hemel , lucht | Himmel | Himmel | himmel , sky (poetic) | himinn | himmel | |
163 | wind (as in breeze) | wind | Wand , Loft | Wind | vind | vindur | vind | |
164 | snow | sneeuw | Schnéi | Schnee | snö | snjór | snø | |
165 | ice | ijs | Äis | Eis | is | ís , klaki | is | |
166 | smoke | rook | Damp | Rauch | rök | reykur | røyk | |
167 | fire | vuur | Feier | Feuer | eld | eldur | eld | |
168 | ash | as | Äschen | Asche | aska | aska | oske , oska | |
169 | to burn (intransitive) | branden | brennen | brennen | brinna | brenna | brenna | |
170 | road , way | weg | Strooss | Weg | väg | vegur , gata | veg | |
171 | mountain | berg | Bierg | Berg | berg | fjall | fjell | |
172 | red | rood | rout | rot | röd | rauður | raud | |
173 | green | groen | gréng | grün | grön | grænn | grøn | |
174 | yellow | geel | giel | gelb | gul | gulur | gul | |
175 | white | wit | wäiss | weiß | vit | hvítur | kvit | |
176 | black | zwart | schwaarz | schwarz | svart | svartur | svart | ᛋᚹᚪᚱᛏ 'svart' |
177 | night | nacht | Nuecht | Nacht | natt | nótt | natt | |
178 | day (daytime) | dag | Dag | Tag | dag | dagur | dag | |
179 | year | jaar | Joer | Jahr | år | ár | år | |
180 | warm (as in weather) | warm | waarm | warm | varm | hlýr , heitur | varm (hot), logn (warm) | |
181 | cold (as in weather) | koud | kal | kalt | kall | kaldur | kald | |
182 | full | vol | voll | voll | full | fullur | full | |
183 | new | nieuw | nei | neu | ny | nýr | ny | |
184 | old | oud | al | alt | gammal | gamall | gamal | |
185 | good | goed | gutt | gut | bra | góður | god , bra | |
186 | bad | slecht | schlecht | schlecht | dålig | vondur , slæmur | ill , vond , dåleg | |
187 | rotten (as a log) | rot | faul | verrottet | rutten | fúinn , rotinn | ròten | |
188 | dirty , filthy | vuil , vies | knaschteg , dreckeg | schmutzig | smutsig | skítugur , óhreinn | møkut , skiten | |
189 | straight | recht | riicht | gerade | rak | beinn | rett , bein , rak | |
190 | round | rond | ronn | rund | rund | kringlóttur | rund | |
191 | sharp (as a knife) | scherp | schaarf | scharf | vass | beittur , hvass , skarpur | skarp , kvass | |
192 | dull , blunt (as a knife) | stomp , bot | stomp | stumpf | slö | bitlaus | slø | |
193 | smooth | glad | glat | glatt | len , slät | sleipur , sléttur | jamn , slett | |
194 | wet | nat | naass | nass , feucht | våt , blöt | blautur | våt , blaut | |
195 | dry (adjective) | droog | dréchen | trocken | torr | þurr | tørr , turr | |
196 | correct , ( right ) | juist , correct | richteg | richtig | rätt , riktig | réttur | rett | |
197 | near , ( close ) | dichtbij | no , nobäi | nah , nahe | nära | nálægur | nær , nære | |
198 | far | ver | wäit , wäit ewech | weit , fern | långt bort , fjärran | langt | langt | |
199 | right (side) | rechts | riets | rechts | höger | hægri | høgre | |
200 | left (side) | links | lénks | links | vänster | vinstri | venstre , vinstre | |
201 | at , by | aan , te , bij | an , bei , drun , op | bei , an | hos , vid | hjá | hjå , hos , på | |
202 | in | in | an , dran | in | i | í | i | |
203 | with | met | mat | mit | med | með | med | |
204 | and | en | an | und | och | og | og | |
205 | if | als , indien | wann | wenn , falls , ob | om | ef | om | |
206 | because | omdat | well | weil | eftersom , ty | því , af því að | av di , på grunn av at | |
207 | name | naam | Numm | Name | namn | nafn | namn |