Literature:Ishtar spoke to her father
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Ishtar spoke to her father is the incipit of a famed section in the Epic of Gilgamesh, an epic Mesopotamian poem, and one of the earliest surviving works of literature. |
Translations
English
- Adapted from an English translation of the Akkadian version, from Tablet VI.
Ishtar spoke to her father, Anu, saying:
"Father, give me the Bull of Heaven,
so he can kill Gilgamesh in his dwelling.
If you do not give me the Bull of Heaven,
I will knock down the Gates of the Netherworld,
I will smash the door posts, and leave the doors flat down,
and will let the dead go up to eat the living!
And the dead will outnumber the living!"
Anrish
| ※ᚼᛁᚱᛁᚾᛖ‧ᛆᛏᚮ‧ᛄᚢᚱᚢᚴ‧ᛁᚦᛏᚭᚱ‧‧ᛒᛁᛌᛁᛖᚭᚢᛌᛖ | Hírene æto (Anu) púruð Ishtar, bin-jeuáe: | ⁄ ˈhiːrene ˌai̯do ˈpuːruð ˈiʃdar binjeˈu̯a.e ǁ |
| ᛭‧᛬ᚮ᛬ᚴᚭᚴᚭᛌ᛬‧ᛘᛁᚱ‧ᛏᚭᚱᚠᚭ‧ᚾᛁᚠᛁᚾᚮ‧ᛦᚾᛏ‧ | «o Datá! mír Tarba Nífeno ynt, | o daˈda ǀ mir ˈtarva ˌniːveno iɤ̯nd ǀ |
| ‧ᛆ‧ᚷᛁᛚᚷᚭᛘᛖᚦ‧ᚹᛆᚢᛖᚴ‧ᛦ‧‧ᛒᛁᛌ‧ᛒᚢᚾᛖ‧ᛖᚱᛖ᛬ | æ Gilgamesh hlaueð y, bì búne ere. | ai̯ ˈgilgameʃ ˈɬau̯eð iɤ̯, bi ˈbuːne ere ǁ |
| ᛬ᛏᚭᛌ‧ᛘᛁᚱ‧ᛏᚭᚱᚠᚭ‧ᚾᛁᚠᛁᚾᚮ‧ᛖᛌ‧ᚴᚭᛖ‧ | Tà mír Tarba Nífeno nin-ynt, | ˈta mir ˈtarva ˌniːveno niˈniɤ̯nd ǀ |
| ‧ᛄᚮᚱᚴᛁᚾᚢᚱ‧ᚮᚹᛖᛌ‧ᚢᛖᛚᛁᚾᚮ‧ᚾᛖᛁᛏᛁᚮ‧ᛘᛆᛁ‧ | portenur Ólhé ueleno neitio mea, | ˈpordenur oːˌɬe ˈweleno ˈnei̯dio mea̯ ǀ |
| ‧ᛞᛦᚹᛁᚾᚢᚱ‧ᛄᛖᚱᛄᚮ‧‧ᛁᚮ‧ᚴᛦᚱᛁᚾᚢᚱ‧ᛚᛖᚭᚾᚮ‧ᛆ‧ᛚᛁᛖᚾᚮ‧ | sylhenur perpo, jo dyrenur leono æ líeno, | ˈsi̯ɤɬenur ˌperbo ǀ jo ˈdi̯ɤrenur ˌleo̯no ai̯ ˈliːeno ǀ |
| ‧᛬ᛁᚮ‧ᚢᚮᛚᛁᛘᛁᛌ‧ᛦᚾᛖ‧ᛆ‧ᚾᛖᚱᚮᚾᛏᚢᚾᚢᚱ‧ᚭᛏᛖᛌ᛬‧ | jo uolemí yne æ nerontunur até! | ˌjo woleˈmi ˌiɤ̯ne ai̯ ˈnerondunur aˈde ǁ |
| ᛬ᛁᚮ‧ᚼᛁᛖ‧ᚢᚮᛚᚢᚾᚢᚱ‧ᛁᛘᚱᚭ‧ᚾᛖᚱᚮᚾᛏᛁᛘᛁᛌ᛬᛭ | Jo híe uolunur imra nerontemí.» | jo ˌhie ˈwolunur ˈimra ˌnerondeˈmi ⁄ |
Chlouvānem
- Adapted from an English translation of the Akkadian version, from Tablet VI.
| iṣtara mæn anu ga būnom elīce dhāḍirek, | Ishtar.DIR. TOPIC. Anu. ADP. father-DAT.SG. like_this. express.IND.PAST-EXP-INTERIOR-3SG.COMMON. |
| "būnē, ilēnīyi snīdbhas lum męlimo, | father-VOC.SG. heaven-GEN.SG. bull.DIR.SG. 1SG.DAT. give-EXP-OPT.IMPF.3SG.PATIENT.EXTERIOR. |
| gilgameṣu amahe kautedrēt. | Gilgamesh-ACC. abode-LOC.SG. kill‹AGENT›-SUBJ.PERF-EXP-3.EXTERIOR. |
| pū ilēnīyi snīdbhas lum nę gu męlyē ša, | if. heaven-GEN.SG. bull.DIR.SG. 1SG.DAT. 2SG.HIGH_FORMAL.ERG. NEG=give.IND.PRES-EXP-3SG.PATIENT.EXTERIOR=NEG. |
| mārim uḍūkijāṇi geiraih šutayanārāltam, | then. netherworld-GEN.SG. door-ACC.PL. down-AGENT-push.IND.FUTINT-EXP-1SG.EXTERIOR. |
| geirjagdhrāṣa vandayutugāltam sama geiraih tokte ilįnāltaṃte, | door_post-ACC.DU. break_into_pieces‹AGENT›-IND.FUTINT-EXP-1SG.EXTERIOR. and. door-ACC.PL. lie_down-INF. leave-IND.FUTINT-EXP-1SG.EXTERIOR-AGENT. |
| sama lildhavih yųlētte uḍūkāsām āntayiħīlunūdāltam. | and. living_being-ACC.PL eat-SUBJ.PERF-EXP-3.EXTERIOR-AGENT. dead-DAT.PL. upwards-AGENT-walk.MONODIR-PERMIS.IND.FUTINT-EXP-1SG.EXTERIOR. |
| sama uḍūkē lildhūnīs narenanūnyāhai!" | and. dead-DIR.PL. living_being-ABL.PL. outnumber.IND.FUTINT.EXP.3PL.PATIENT.EXTERIOR. |
Cwengâr
- Adapted from an English translation of the Akkadian version, from Tablet VI.
Tengâr Ishar dà le nàlh, hÀnu, rŷ cwâr:
"Â hàl! Pelârh rhà êlhônàf norhogw tash,
pen Gwônugw lho G'hôlagamesh gwô lho n âcwemaff.
Amelârh rhà êlhônàf norhogw tash,
O Dôrhôc'hâl ty gwôn hâraff nêramâf,
O Dômôd ty hêramâf ngânâcw ô gwômesôlh ty ud lhur nâg'h âramâf
O Dôngône ty ud tagw gwônàf shelhàf!
O Dône gwônàf ffen ral shelhàf!
Fejãto
- Adapted from an English translation of the Akkadian version, from Tablet VI.
Ishtar prãgunejes noç leçu tamuç, da Anu, ethurejeçendo-leç:
«Tamilo, liu saj doe borudeose dam egulaçem,
hã laç mosares nojodersa Gilgames fel norha laçem.
ret nosa saj liu do borudeo da egulaç voke,
Jue peto akelarsa dos gateros de dejoa noram.
Jue peto lejiersa des teles des gateries, im ledo des gateries kusa noram,
Gloss
1.Ishtar prãgunejes noç leçu tam, da Anu, ethurejeçendo-leç:
Ishtar talk.PAST to her father.ACC the Anu say.PAST-her,
Ishtar talked to her father, (the great) Anu, saying:
2.«Tamilo, liu saj doe borudeose dam egulaçem,
Father.DIM give me the.DAT bull.DAT the.GEN heaven.GEN
Father (diminutive/endearing), give me the bull of heaven,
3.hã laç mosares nojodersa Gilgames fel norha laçem.
So he may kill Gilgames in house his.GEN
So he may kill Gilgamesh in his house.
4.ret nosa saj liu doe borudeose dam egulaçem voke,
If you me give the.DAT bull.DAT the.GEN heaven.GEN not,
If you do not give me the bull of heaven,
5.Jue peto akelersa dos gateros dem dejoam noram.
I will break.SECONDARY the.PLURAL gates the.GEN underworld.GEN down
I will break the gates of the Netherworld down
6.Jue peto lejiersa des teles desem gateriesem, im ledo des gateries kusa noram,
I will smash.SECONDARY the.PLURAL post.PLURAL the.PLURAL.GEN gate.PLURAL.DIM and leave the.PLURAL gate.PLURAL.GEN flat down
I will smash the doorposts, and leave the doors flat down
Rencadian
- Adapted from an English translation of the Akkadian version, from Tablet VI.
Pæ Isjtar æn Anu, cæw nefnidh, menfarnasj:
"Nefnidh, æm pilcæmnæth nunør ændilre,
thwi λusjech me htæsjec Gilgamæsjeth nowbesteth.
Mechos tjæn æm pilcæmnæth nunør ol medhilre,
Sjim liyntsnøth re hngæfnæ dhin methuceste,
sjim fræych-ciymoltnøth mechaσnasj, dhe fræychnøth binderz mehærfre,
dhe sjim nowbangnøth mevezothø, æn huσâsj æn viycelthnøth ithø!
Dhe sjin nowbangnø viycelthnøth medhoascelhuwzæme!"
ɤˠ.ʷɘɷʱʔ.ˠʞ.ʱʞˀɭɭ.ʟˠɚ.ʞˀɤːʞʷʭːɭɭ.ʏˀʞɤːʱʔʞʱɘɿ
[ʞˀɤːʞʷʭːɭɭ.ˠʏ.ɤʷcʟˠʏʞˠɷː.ʞ˧˥ʞʶʔ.ˠʞʭʷcʔˀɭɭ
ɷːɚʷ.ɧ˧˥ɘˀʟː.ʏˀ.ɵːɷˠɘˀʟ.ʊʷcʊʱʏˠɘˀɷː.ʞˁɚʌˀɵɷˀɷːɭ
ʏˀʟːˁɵ.ɯˠʞ.ˠʏ.ɤʷcʟˠʞʏˠɷː.ʞ˧˥ʞʶʔ.ˁc.ʏˀʭːʷcʔˀɭɭ
ɘʷʏ.cʷʘʞʕʞʶɷː.ʔˀ.ɘːʁˠɤːʞˠ.ʭːʷʞ.ʏˀɷː˧˥ʟˀɵɷˀɭɭ
ɘʷʏ.ɤːʔˠʘʟːǀʟʷʘʏˁcɷʞʶɷː.ʏˀʟːʱɸʞʱɘɭɭ.ʭːˀ.ɤːʔˠʘʟːʞʶɷː.ʌʷʞʭˀʔɶ.ʏˀɵːˠʔɤːʔˀɭɭ
ʭːˀ.ɘʷʏ.ʞˁɚʌʱʁʞʶɷː.ʏˀʌːˀɶˁɷːʶɭɭ.ˠʞ.ːʷɸʱʱɘ.ˠʞ.ʌːʷʘʟˀcɷːʞʶɷː.ʷɷːʶʂ
ʭːˀ.ɘʷʞ.ʞˁɚʌʱʁʞʶ.ʌːʷʘʟˀcɷːʞʶɷː.ʏˀʭːˁʱɵʟˀcɵʘ˧˥ɚɶˠʏˀʂ]
Valian
- Adapted from an English translation of the Akkadian version, from Tablet VI.
Istar käenama Torminä, Anu, käenamast nee:
"Tormitä, lahetu tarvas vilyain,
nukkestina Kiilgame, nee saa ëksanä.
laheestilyakatust tarvas vilyain,
üga pakkate Mandoin Süüra
ügast haudante mandotarvasid
ügast lantalasse' mandoin
ügast kevate elennain vastaan vaa tundusin lennain,
ügast maganänanun!
puuliestinän elennain lennain!
Gloss
Istar spoke father-her, Anu, spoke-and she:
"Father-mine, give-me bull heavens,
kill-may-he Gilgamesh, he in home-his.
give-opt-not-thou-me-and bull heavens,
then knock-I door-pl dark_world
then-and destroy-I-and door;tree;dual
then-and fall-they-pas.opt;and doors-pl
then-and forgive/allow unliving to_wander up_into the lands living-pl
then-and they-eat-them
outnumber-may-they-and unliving-pl living-pl!
Soc'ul'
Xauc Ishtar cé hé, Anu, āhxauc:
"Cuoj cé, corxec Diux Ñēyan,
c'ez c'e cur Gilgamesh ñe nu eý.
Ih xen corxec Diux Ñēyan,
uc' setncñ'ebeax Ñeidíl' Aian,
uc' cuvuyax róño, cuñéz ñéiad' āhusuíz,
uc' sehb'ei sehcuj ez' lád āhú a ez' il!
Uc' hazen cuder' cuder' ez' lád ez' il je!"
Xauc
speak
Ishtar
Ishtar
cé
father
hé,
CL2.INAL
Anu,
Anu
āh-xauc:
REL-say
Cuoj
VOC
cé,
father
cor-xec
2>1-give
Diux
beast of burden
Ñēyan,
ñēyan
c'ez
RES
c'e
ABIL
cur
kill
Gilgamesh
Gilgamesh
ñe
dwelling
nu
CL2.POSS
eý.
in
Ih
if
xen
NEG
corxec
2>1-give
Diux
beast of burden
Ñēyan,
ñēyan,
uc'
SUBJ
setn-cñ'ebe-ax
1>CL3-collapse-CAUS
Ñeidíl'
gate.PL
Aian,
aian
uc'
SUBJ
cu-vuy-ax
1>CL5-rupture-CAUS
róño,
door post
cu-ñéz
1>CL5-leave
ñéiad'
door.PL
āh-u-suíz,
REL-CL5>CL5-lie
uc'
SUBJ
seh-b'ei
1>CL2-allow
seh-cuj
1>CL2-rise
ez'
NZ.CL2
lád
dead
āh-ú
REL-eat
a
ACC.CL2
ez'
NZ.CL2
il!
living
Uc'
Subj
hazen
COP.CL2>CL2
cuder' cuder'
too much
ez'
NZ.CL2
lád
dead
ez'
NZ.CL2
il
living
je!"
to
Luthic
Inanna roðit du seina faðari, Anu, rogiandu:
“Faðar, gevâ mis lo toro hemênico,
sva dauþarât Gilgamesce nal·la seina bauvaene.
Si non mis gevas lo toro hemênico,
demolirô los Cancellos i Nedargardi,
sfracellô los gambaticos e lasciarô las portas abbassatas,
e letarô los dauþos ascendere faur mazzare los vivos!
Ed i dauþi sorpassaranno los vivos!”