Shumian (native name ṣùm lau) is a monosyllabic language inspired by Marathi, Hmoob and IlL's Reber Wiebian.
IntroductionPhonology
Orthography
Initials
|
Bilabial |
Labiodental |
Dental |
Alveolar |
Retroflex |
Palatal |
Velar |
Glottal
|
| Voiceless stop |
p /p/ |
|
t /t̪/ |
|
ṭ /ʈ/ |
c /c/ |
k /k/ |
|
| Aspirated stop |
ph /pʰ/ |
|
th /t̪ʰ/ |
|
ṭh /ʈʰ/ |
ch /cʰ/ |
kh /kʰ/ |
|
| Voiced stop |
b /b/ |
|
d /d̪/ |
|
ḍ /ɖ/ |
j /ɟ/ |
g /ɡ/ |
|
| Murmured stop |
bh /bʰ/ |
|
dh /d̪ʰ/ |
|
ḍʰ /ɖʰ/ |
jh /ɟʰ/ |
gh /ɡʰ/ |
|
| Nasal |
m /m/ |
|
n /n̪/ |
|
ṇ /ɳ/ |
ñ /ɲ/ |
|
|
| Murmured nasal |
mh /mʰ/ |
|
nh /n̪ʰ/ |
|
ṇh /ɳʰ/ |
ñh /ɲʰ/ |
|
|
| Fricative |
|
|
s /s/ |
|
ṣ /ʂ/ |
ś /ç~ɕ/ |
|
h /h/
|
| Approximant |
|
v /ʋ/ |
|
|
|
y /j/ |
|
|
| Murmured approximant |
|
vh /ʋʰ/ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Lateral |
|
|
l /l/ |
|
ḷ /ɺ̢/ |
|
|
|
| Murmured lateral |
|
|
lh /lʰ/ |
|
ḷh /ɺ̢ʰ/ |
|
|
|
| Trill |
|
|
|
r /r/ |
|
|
|
|
Rimes
- aʔ iʔ uʔ ahᵃ ihⁱ uhᵘ with mid (33) and low (22) tones (spelled a i u aḥ iḥ uḥ)
- a: e: i: o: u: ai au am~ã: im~ĩ: um~ũ: with mid (33), low (21), rising (25), falling (41), dipping (313 with creaky voice on the 1), and high dipping tone (434) tones (spelled ā e ī o ū ai au aṁ iṁ uṁ)
Tones
| Tone |
Mid |
Low |
Rising |
Falling |
Dipping |
High dipping
|
| Spelling |
a |
à |
á |
â |
ä |
ǎ
|
Prosody
Stress
Intonation
Phonotactics
Morphophonology
Morphology
Shumian is mostly isolating.
Numbers
| Number |
Shumian
|
| 0 |
dó
|
| 1 |
lê
|
| 2 |
bàḥ
|
| 3 |
vûṁ
|
| 4 |
pai
|
| 5 |
śaṁ
|
| 6 |
śū̂
|
| 7 |
ñai
|
| 8 |
rìṁ
|
| 9 |
diḥ
|
| 10 |
kū
|
| 11 |
nā̌
|
| 12 |
ū
|
| 144 |
vī̈
|
| 1728 |
dâu
|
Syntax
Constituent order
Noun phrase
Verb phrase
Sentence phrase
Dependent clauses
Example textsOther resources