Tłkaw: Difference between revisions

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===Orthography===
===Orthography===
===Consonants===
===Consonants===
A lot of clicks - voicing and/or aspiration is neutralized in post-tonal clicks, however.


===Vowels===
===Vowels===

Revision as of 11:19, 23 June 2017


Introduction

Phonology

Orthography

Consonants

A lot of clicks - voicing and/or aspiration is neutralized in post-tonal clicks, however.

Vowels

/a i u a: i: u: ai au ə/ a i u â î û ai au e

/ə/ is a common outcome of vowel reduction and can only occur in unstressed syllables.

Prosody

Stress

Intonation

Tłkaw has a distinctive intonation paradigm, similar to Irish English or Valspeak.

  • In declarative sentences, the stressed syllable of the focus word (if there is no focused constituent, the last word) has a lower pitch than the immediately preceding syllable. ("...mid ꜜ LOW mid...") This originates from discursive uptalk in older forms of Tłkaw, which has since generalized to all declarative sentences. A few relatively isolated accents do not use this pattern.
  • In interrogative sentences, the stressed syllable of the focus word has a higher pitch than the syllable immediately before. ("... mid ꜛ HIGH mid ... ?")
  • In exclamations, the pattern is "... mid ꜜ LOW-HIGH mid ... !", possibly with a gradual drop to low pitch in the end. Angry or indignant questions also use an exclamatory intonation.

Phonotactics

Morphophonology

Morphology

Syntax

Constituent order

Noun phrase

Verb phrase

Sentence phrase

Dependent clauses

Example texts

Other resources