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Bearlandic: Difference between revisions

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Bearlandic (view source)

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<!-- Example: Word order, qualifiers, determinatives, branching, etc. -->
<!-- Example: Word order, qualifiers, determinatives, branching, etc. -->
Bearlandic normally has a SVO word order, but questions have a VSO order. If there is more than one verb in the sentence, there are two possibilities (the verbs are '''bold'''):
Bearlandic normally has a SVO word order, but questions have a VSO order. Any constituent can be placed in front of the verb to add emphasis, but there can only be one constituent before the verb, which means that the subject is moved to after the verb when another constituent is place before the verb.


* Dē jaggter '''will sgit''' dē konin. (The hunter wants to shoot the rabbit.)
{{Gloss
* Dē jaggter '''will''' dē konin '''sgitē'''.
| phrase = Dē jaggter sgit dē konin oss a sgiter.
| IPA = /dɛ ˈjɑxːtər ˈsxiːt dɛ ˈkoːnin ɔsː a ˈsxiːtər/
| morphemes = Dē jaggter sgit dē konin oss a sgiter.
| gloss = The hunter shoot the rabbit with a gun.
| translation = The hunter shoots the rabbit with a gun.
}}
{{Gloss
| phrase = Oss a sgiter sgit dē jaggter dē konin.
| IPA = /ɔsː a ˈsxiːtər ˈˈsxiːt dɛ ˈjɑxːtər dɛ ˈkoːnin/
| morphemes = Oss a sgiter sgit dē jaggter dē konin.
| gloss = With a gun shoot the hunter the rabbit.
| translation = With a gun, the hunter shoots the rabbit.
}}


Note the use of a ''byform'' in the second sentence. In subordinate clauses there are generally the same two possibilities:
The object is rarely fronted. Instead the passive is used:


* Ig wet dass dē jaggter '''sgit''' dē konin. (I know the hunter shoots the rabbit.)
{{Gloss
* Ig wet dass dē jaggter dē konin '''sgitē'''.
| phrase = Dē konin vort oss dē jaggter oss a sgiter gisgit.
* Ig wet dass dē jaggter '''will sgit''' dē konin. (I know the hunter wants to shoot the rabbit.)
| IPA = /dɛ ˈkoːnin ˈvoːrt ɔsː dɛ ˈjɑxːtər ɔsː a ˈsxiːtər ɣiˈsxiːt/
* Ig wet dass dē jaggter dē konin '''will sgitē'''.
| morphemes = Dē konin vort oss dē jaggter oss a sgiter gi-sgit.
| gloss = The rabbit PASS by the hunter with a gun PERF-shoot.
| translation = The rabbit is shot by the hunter with a gun.
}}


However, sometimes this would change the meaning:
If there is more than one verb in the sentence, there are two possibile constructions: one with an SVVO and one with an SVOV order.


* Dē jaggter sgit dē konin ''oss'' dē '''iss''' hiess verking. (The hunter shoots the rabbit ''if'' it's his job.)
{{Gloss
* Dē jaggter sgit dē konin ''oss'' dē hiess verking '''zyt'''. (The hunter shoots the rabbit ''because'' it's his job.)
| phrase = Dē jaggter will sgit dē konin.
| IPA = /dɛ ˈjaxːtər ˈʋɪlː ˈsxiːt dɛ koːnin/
| morphemes = Dē jaggter will sgit dē konin.
| gloss = The hunter want shoot the rabbit.
| translation = The hunter wants to shoot the rabbit.
}}
 
{{Gloss
| phrase = Dē jaggter will dē konin sgitē.
| IPA = /dɛ ˈjaxːtər ˈʋɪlː dɛ ˈkoːnin ˈsxiːtɛ/
| morphemes = Dē jaggter will dē konin sgit-ē.
| gloss = The hunter want the rabbit shoot-BYF.
| translation = The hunter wants to shoot the rabbit.
}}
 
Note the use of a ''byform'' in the second sentence.
 
===Subordinate clauses===
In subordinate clauses the verb can generally be placed either directly after the first constituent or at the end:
 
{{Gloss
| phrase = Ig wet dass dē jaggter sgit dē konin.
| IPA = /ix ˈʋeːt dɑsː dɛ ˈjɑxːtər ˈsxiːt dɛ ˈkoːnin/
| morphemes = Ig wet dass dē jaggter sgit dē konin.
| gloss = I know that the hunter shoot the rabbit.
| translation = I know that the hunter shoots the rabbit.
}}
 
{{Gloss
| phrase = Ig wet dass dē jaggter dē konin sgitē.
| IPA = /ix ˈʋeːt dɑsː dɛ ˈjaxːtər dɛ ˈkoːnin ˈsxiːtɛ/
| morphemes = Ig wet dass dē jaggter dē konin sgit-ē.
| gloss = I know that the hunter the rabbit shoot-BYF
| translation = I know that the hunter shoots the rabbit.
}}
 
When there is more than one verb in the subordinate clause there are three different possible word orders: one in which the verbs are placed direclty after the first constituent, and two in which the verbs are placed at the end.
{{Gloss
| phrase = Ig wet dass dē jaggter will sgit dē konin.
| IPA = /ix ˈʋeːt dɑsː dɛ ˈjɑxːtər ˈʋɪlː ˈsxiːt dɛ ˈkoːnin/
| morphemes = Ig wet dass dē jaggter will sgit dē konin.
| gloss = I know that the hunter want shoot the rabbit.
| translation = I know that the hunter wants to shoot the rabbit.
}}
 
{{Gloss
| phrase = Ig wet dass dē jaggter dē konin will sgitē.
| IPA = /ix ˈʋeːt dɑsː dɛ ˈjɑxːtər dɛ ˈkoːnin ˈʋɪlː ˈsxiːtɛ/
| morphemes = Ig wet dass dē jaggter dē konin will sgit-ē.
| gloss = I know that the hunter the rabbit want shoot-BYF.
| translation = I know that the hunter wants to shoot the rabbit.
}}
 
{{Gloss
| phrase = Ig wet dass dē jaggter dē konin sgitē willē.
| IPA = /ix ʋeːt dɑsː dɛ ˈjɑxːtər dɛ ˈkoːnin ˈsxiːtɛ ˈʋɪlːɛ/
| morphemes = Is wet dass dē jaggter dē konin sgit-ē will-ē.
| gloss = I know that the hunter the rabbit shoot-BYF want-BYF.
| translation = I know that the hunter wants to shoot the rabbit.
}}
 
The word ''oss'' can have many different meanings. When it is a conjunction, the meaning is determined by the word order in the clause:
 
{{Gloss
| phrase = Dē jaggter sgit dē konin oss dē iss hiess verking.
| IPA = /dɛ ˈjɑxːtər ˈsxiːt dɛ ˈkoːnin ɔsː dɛ ˈɪsː ˈhiːɛsː veːrkiŋ/
| morphemes = Dē jaggter sgit dē konin oss dē iss hiess verking.
| gloss = The hunter shoot the rabbit if it be his job.
| translation = The hunter shoots the rabbit if it's his job.
}}
 
{{Gloss
| phrase = Dē jaggter sgit dē konin oss dē hiess verking zyt.
| IPA = /dɛ ˈjɑxːtər ˈsxiːt dɛ ˈkoːnin ɔsː dɛ ˈhiːɛsː ˈveːrkiŋ ˈzɛɪ̯t/
| morphemes = Dē jaggter sgit dē konin oss dē hiess verking zyt.
| gloss = The hunter shoot the rabbit because it his job be.BYF.
| translation = The hunter shoots the rabbit because it's his job.
}}


==Sample==
==Sample==
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