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Phonology
Consonants
|
Bilabial |
Dental |
Alveolar |
Postalveolar |
Retroflex |
Palatal |
Velar |
Uvular |
Pharyngeal |
Glottal
|
Plosive |
Unaspirated
|
p b p b |
|
|
|
ʈ ɖ t d |
|
k g k g |
q q |
|
|
Aspirated
|
pʰ ph |
|
|
|
ʈʰ th |
|
kʰ kh |
|
|
|
Nasal
|
m m |
n n |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tap/Flap
|
|
ɾ r |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fricative
|
β bh |
ð dh |
s z s z |
ʃ ʒ sh zh |
|
|
ɣ gh |
|
ħ qh |
h h
|
Approximant
|
|
|
|
j y |
|
|
|
|
Lateral Approximant
|
|
l l |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Syllabic Consonants
|
|
Bilabial |
Alveolar
|
Nasal
|
m̩ m/ṃ |
n̩ n/ṇ
|
Trill
|
|
r̩ r/ṛ
|
Lateral Approximant
|
|
l̩ l/ḷ
|
Co-articulates
|
tʃ dʒ ts/tz ds/dz
|
Vowels
|
Front |
Back
|
Close
|
i i |
u u
|
Open-Mid
|
ɛ e |
ɔ o
|
Open
|
a a |
|
Diphthongs
|
au̯ au |
aɪ̯ ai |
eɪ̯ ei
|
Syllable Structure and Stress
The syllable structure of Bhutr is very simple.
- (C)V
- (C)[+syllabic consonant]
Stress Rules
- Stress always falls on the first syllable unless that syllable contains a syllabic consonant, in which case the second syllable gets the stress.
- Syllabic consonants are never stressed.
Grammar
Syntax
- Verb - Object - Subject
- Head Initial (except for prepositions)
- Transitive Morphosyntactic Alignment
Morphology
Bhutr has a largely fusional morphological system.