Brytho-Hellenic: Difference between revisions

m
Line 1,335: Line 1,335:
===Adverbs===
===Adverbs===


Usually adverbs are formed by suffixation: many adverbs derive from adjectives, to that the suffix ''-ews'' is added. Some examples:
Usually adverbs are formed by suffixation: many adverbs derive from adjectives, to that the suffix ''-eus'' is added. Some examples:


* ''elyv > elvews'' (happy - happily);
* ''elev > elveus'' (happy - happily);
* ''lur > lurews'' (sad - sadly);
* ''lir > lireus'' (sad - sadly);
* ''meal > mealews'' (great - greatly);
* ''meal > mealeus'' (great - greatly);
* ''thenar > thenarews'' (strong - strongly);
* ''thenar > thenareus'' (strong - strongly);
* ''athin > athinews'' (weak - weakly).  
* ''athin > athineus'' (weak - weakly).  


Some adverbs have got suppletive forms, ex.: ''iwŷdh > eu''; ''penyr > fawl''.
Some adverbs have got suppletive forms, ex.: ''ivydh > ei''; ''penyr > faul''.


Adverbs occupy a precise position within the sentence:
Adverbs occupy a precise position within the sentence:


* 1) adverbs always follow subject when in the sentence there is only the verb '''ynyn''' (= to be), ex.: '''yv mal elyv''' (= "I am very happy"), '''dagrwŷ ý thenarews''' (= "She cries strongly");
* 1) adverbs always follow subject, ex.: '''yv eu mal elyv''' (= "I am very happy"), '''dagruy ý thenareus''' (= "She cries strongly");
* 2) adverbs always precede adjectives, ex.: '''it o elion lur''' (= "He's a little sad").
* 2) adverbs always precede adjectives, ex.: '''it o elion lir''' (= "He's a little sad").


====Place adverbs====
====Place adverbs====


In Brythohellenic place adverbs ''nawdh'' and ''kys'' inflect to express state or movement to and from. The adverb ''w'', "where", also inflects:
In Brythohellenic place adverbs ''naudh'' and ''cys'' inflect to express state or movement to and from. The adverb ''u'', "where", also inflects:


{| {{Table/bluetable}} style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle"
{| {{Table/bluetable}} style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle"
!'''Form'''
!'''Form'''
!'''W'''
!'''U'''
!'''Nawdh'''
!'''Naudh'''
!'''Kys'''
!'''Cys'''
|-
|-
!'''State'''
!'''State'''
|w
|u
|nawdh
|naudh
|kys
|cys
|-
|-
!'''Movement to'''
!'''Movement to'''
|oe
|oi
|nawdhes
|naudhes
|kyses
|cyses
|-
|-
!'''Movement from'''
!'''Movement from'''
|ŵen
|üen
|nawdhen
|naudhen
|kysen
|cysen
|}
|}


The adverb ''w'' has got also a relative function:
The adverb ''u'' has got also a relative function:


* ''It to ŷwn to peli, ŵen ergw'' - This is the town where I come from;
* ''It to yun to peli, üen bainu'' - This is the town where I come from;
* ''It to ledh to peli, oe ovylw ferthae'' - That is the town where I have to go.
* ''It to ledh to peli, oi ovylu ergyn'' - That is the town where I have to go.


Other place adverbs are: ''alodh'', ''alodhes'', ''alodhen'', respectively "elsewhere", "from elsewhere", "(to) elsewhere"; ''wdhovw'', "nowhere" and "from nowhere", ''wdhovon'', "(to) nowhere"; ''edhovw'' "somewhere" and "from somewhere", ''edhovon, "(to) somewhere".
Other place adverbs are: ''alodh'', ''alodhes'', ''alodhen'', respectively "elsewhere", "from elsewhere", "(to) elsewhere"; ''udhovu'', "nowhere" and "from nowhere", ''udhovon'', "(to) nowhere"; ''edhovu'' "somewhere" and "from somewhere", ''edhovon, "(to) somewhere".


====Time adverbs====
====Time adverbs====
Line 1,387: Line 1,387:
The adverb ''yneg'', "when", can be used both as interrogative and relative. Other time adverbs are:
The adverb ''yneg'', "when", can be used both as interrogative and relative. Other time adverbs are:


* ''nun'' - now;
* ''nin'' - now;
* ''enna'' - then;
* ''enna'' - then;
* ''prothen'' - before;
* ''prothen'' - before;
* ''ivyn'' - after;
* ''ivyn'' - after;
* ''dyvodh'' - some times;
* ''dyvodh'' - some times;
* ''hunydhen'' - usually;
* ''hinydhen'' - usually;
* ''ey'' - always;
* ''ey'' - always;
* ''oseg'' - ever;
* ''oseg'' - ever;
* ''wvodh'' - never;
* ''uvodh'' - never;
* ''alodh'' - another time.
* ''alodh'' - another time.


886

edits