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Brytho-Hellenic (view source)

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{{Infobox language
{{Infobox language
|name = Brytho-Hellenic
|name = Brytho-Hellenic
|nativename = Elynig (to kaen)
|nativename = Elynik (to kaen)
|pronunciation = [ɛ'lə:ni 'tɔ 'kai̯n]
|pronunciation = [ɛ'le:nik 'tɔ 'kai̯n]
|region = Europe
|region = Europe
|states = Elas to Kaen
|states = Elas to Kaen
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==General information==
==General information==


'''Brytho-Hellenic''', Brythohellenic or simply '''Neohellenic''' (the native name is ''Elynig'') is a language that is spoken nowadays in a different timeline in a country that corresponds almost exactly to our England and to our Wales.
'''Brytho-Hellenic''', Brythohellenic or simply '''Neohellenic''' (the native name is ''Elynik'') is a language that is spoken nowadays in a different timeline in a country that corresponds almost exactly to our England and to our Wales.
In that timeline the Persians have won the wars against Greece and the Greeks have been forced to emigrate and to flee. Firstly the Greeks find protection in Magna Graecia, but, as the Persians conquer those territories, they shift to Northern Italy, where the Romans withstand the Persian troops. In 389 b.C. Rome is destroyed and both Romans and Greeks flee to Carthage, enemy of the Persian empire. Together they try to attack the Persian fleet, but they are defeated again.
In that timeline the Persians have won the wars against Greece and the Greeks have been forced to emigrate and to flee. Firstly the Greeks find protection in Magna Graecia, but, as the Persians conquer those territories, they shift to Northern Italy, where the Romans withstand the Persian troops. In 389 b.C. Rome is destroyed and both Romans and Greeks flee to Carthage, enemy of the Persian empire. Together they try to attack the Persian fleet, but they are defeated again.
In the last days of 382 b.C. an imposing expedition sails away from a harbour on the coast of New Carthage - our Cartagena in Spain. Its mission is to find new territories where they can live in peace and prosperity, far from the Persian threat.
In the last days of 382 b.C. an imposing expedition sails away from a harbour on the coast of New Carthage - our Cartagena in Spain. Its mission is to find new territories where they can live in peace and prosperity, far from the Persian threat.
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==Phonology==
==Phonology==


=== Alphabet===
===Alphabet===


After the defeat against the Persians almost the entire Greek people fled towards Roman territory: Rome triplicated its population and was greekized. During their living together Greeks and Romans used mainly the '''Greek language''' to communicate, whereas the ''Latin language'' became a secondary and socially lower language, spoken mainly by common people. Nevertheless - almost incomprehensibly - the Greeks adopted the '''Latin alphabet''', maybe trying to be understood even by the lower social classes.
After the defeat against the Persians almost the entire Greek people fled towards Roman territory: Rome triplicated its population and was greekized. During their living together Greeks and Romans used mainly the '''Greek language''' to communicate, whereas the ''Latin language'' became a secondary and socially lower language, spoken mainly by common people. Nevertheless - almost incomprehensibly - the Greeks adopted the '''Latin alphabet''', maybe trying to be understood even by the lower social classes.
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|[d]
|[d]
| -  
| -  
|-
|dd
|[ð]
|it is pronounced as ''th'' in the word ''this''
|-
|-
|e
|e
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|-
|-
|f
|f
|[v]
| -
|-
|ff
|[f]
|[f]
| -
| -
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|g
|g
|[g] / [ʝ] / [h] ([x]) / [ ]
|[g] / [ʝ] / [h] ([x]) / [ ]
|in front of '''a''', '''o''', '''u''' it is always pronunced as in the English word ''get''; in front of '''e''', '''i''', '''y''' it sounds like ''y'' in the English ''yet'', but the tongue is positioned more frontward; when it precedes another consonant that is not '''w''', it is pronounced like ''h'' in the English ''hot'', even if some speakers tend to pronounce it as ''ch'' of the German ''ach'', and others don't pronounce it at all; in the endings '''-eg''' and '''-ig''' it is not pronounced
|it is always pronunced as in the English word ''get''
|-
|-
|h
|h
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|-
|-
|k
|k
|[k] / [ʃ]
|[k]
|in front of '''a''', '''o''', '''u''' it is always pronunced as in the English word ''kite''; in front of '''e''', '''i''', '''y''' it sounds like ''sh'' in the English ''show''
|it is always pronunced as in the English word ''kite''
|-
|-
|l
|l
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|[t]
|[t]
| -
| -
|-
|th
|[θ]
|as ''th'' in the English ''thin''
|-
|-
|u
|u
|[u]
|[i]
| -
|-
|v
|[v]
| -
| -
|-
|-
|w
|w
|[w]
|[u] / [w]
| -
|it is pronounced as [u] when it is followed by a consonant; it is pronounced [w] when it is preceded or followed by a vowel; when it is followed by '''l''' or '''r''' it can have either a consonantal or vocalic value, to distinguish it, it is written '''ŵ''' when it has a vocalic value
|-
|-
|y
|y
|[i] / [ǝ] / [e] / [j]
|[i] / [e]
|in monosyllabic words it is read as [i], in polysyllabic words it is read [i] if in the last syllable, otherwise [ǝ]; often it is read [j] if precedes or follows another vowel; in the North-East the speakers pronounce it [e] in the positions where it should be pronounced [ǝ]
|in monosyllabic words it is read as [i], in polysyllabic words it is read [i] if in the last syllable, otherwise [e]
|}
|}
A circumflex accent over the ''y'' indicates that it is read as [i] even if it is in a position where it would be read as [ǝ] or [j], ex.: ''sŷvadh'', "body" (IPA ['si:vað]).


===Consonantal phonemes===
===Consonantal phonemes===
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|θ ð
|θ ð
|s
|s
|ʃ
|
|ʝ
|
|(x)
|(x)
|h
|h
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|[ai̯]
|[ai̯]
|-
|-
|''au''
|''aw''
|[au̯]
|[au̯]
|-
|-
|''ei'', ''ey''
|''ei'', ''eu'', ''ey''
|[ɛi̯] / [ei̯]
|[ɛi̯]
|-
|-
|''eu''
|''ew''
|[ø]
|[ɛu̯]
|-
|-
|''ia'', ''ya''
|''ia''
|[ja]
|[ja]
|-
|-
|''ie'', ''ye''
|''ie''
|[jɛ] / [je]
|[jɛ]
|-
|-
|''io'', ''yo''
|''io''
|[jɔ] / [jo]
|[jɔ] / [jo]
|-
|-
|''iu'', ''yu''
|''iw''
|[ju]
|[ju]
|-
|-
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|-
|-
|''we''
|''we''
|[wɛ] / [we]
|[wɛ]
|-
|-
|''wi''
|''wi''
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|-
|-
|''wy''
|''wy''
|[wi] / [wə]
|[wi] / [we]
|-
|''yw''
|[iu̯] / [eu̯]
|}
|}


Brythohellenic has got three digraphs: ''dh'' [ð], ''th'' [θ], and ''rh'' [r̥], which is rare enough.
Brythohellenic has got only one digraph: ''rh'' [r̥], which is rare enough. The other combinations, f.ex. ''dd'', ''ff'', ''th'' are considered true letters.


===Stress===
===Stress===
Llyn
886

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