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Brytho-Hellenic: Difference between revisions

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Brytho-Hellenic (view source)

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→‎Adjectives
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Elynik adjectives always follow the noun(s) they are referred to: when the noun is undetermined they simply follow it, but, when the noun is determined, then the definite article, '''to''', is put between the noun and the adjective.
Elynik adjectives always follow the noun(s) they are referred to: when the noun is undetermined they simply follow it, but, when the noun is determined, then the definite article, '''to''', is put between the noun and the adjective.
Usually adjectives' singular form is identical for masculine and feminine, even if there can be exceptions, the plural forms are two, instead: one for masculine, usually ending in ''-oe'', and one for feminine, ending in ''-ae''.
Usually adjectives' singular form is identical for masculine and feminine, even if there can be exceptions, the plural forms are two, instead: one for masculine, usually ending in ''-ø'', and one for feminine, ending in ''-æ''.
Some adjectives:
Some adjectives:


Line 641: Line 641:
!'''Meaning'''
!'''Meaning'''
|-
|-
!iwydd
!iwŷdh
|iwyddoe
|iwŷdhø
|iwyddae
|iwŷdhæ
|good
|good
!penyr
!penyr
|penyroe
|penyrø
|penyrae
|penyræ
|bad
|bad
|-
|-
!elyf
!elyv
|elfoe
|elvø
|elfae
|elvæ
|happy
|happy
!lur
!lur
|luroe
|lurø
|lurae
|luræ
|sad
|sad
|-
|-
!egrin
!egrin
|egrinoe
|egrinø
|egrinae
|egrinæ
|tall / high
|tall / high
!thafal
!thaval
|thafaloe
|thavalø
|thafalae
|thavalæ
|short
|short
|-
|-
!kalin
!kalin
|kalinoe
|kalinø
|kalinae
|kalinæ
|beautiful / goodlooking
|beautiful / goodlooking
!aehyr
!ægyr
|aehroe
|ægrø
|aehrae
|ægræ
|ugly
|ugly
|-
|-
!meal
!meal
|mealoe
|mealø
|mealae
|mealæ
|big / great
|big / great
!migrin
!migrin
|migrinoe
|migrinø
|migrinae
|migrinæ
|little / small
|little / small
|-
|-
!paladd
!paladh
|paladdoe
|paladhø
|paladdae
|paladhæ
|old
|old
!yfik
!yvik
|yfikoe
|yvikø
|yfikae
|yvikæ
|young
|young
|-
|-
!thenar
!thenar
|thenaroe
|thenarø
|thenarae
|thenaræ
|strong
|strong
!athin
!athin
|athinoe
|athinø
|athinae
|athinæ
|weak
|weak
|-
|-
!therfin
!thervin
|therfinoe
|thervinø
|therfinae
|thervina
|hot
|hot
!surin
!surin
|surinoe
|surinø
|surinae
|surinæ
|cold
|cold
|-
|-
!ffofer
!fover
|ffoferoe
|foverø
|ffoferae
|foveræ
|terrible
|terrible
!plys
!plys
|plysoe
|plysø
|plysae
|plysæ
|near / close
|near / close
|-
|-
!tyleddin
!tyledhin
|tyleddinoe
|tyledhinø
|tyleddinae
|tyledhinæ
|far / distant
|far / distant
!semyk
!semyk
|semykoe
|semykø
|semykae
|semykæ
|tired
|tired
|}
|}
Line 734: Line 734:
Some usage examples:
Some usage examples:


* '''migrin''' + '''aelŵr''' > ''aelŵr migrin'' (= "(a) little cat");
* '''migrin''' + '''ælŵr''' > ''ælŵr migrin'' (= "(a) little cat");
* '''meal''' + '''to enyr''' > ''enyr to meal'' (= "the big man");
* '''meal''' + '''to enyr''' > ''enyr to meal'' (= "the big man");
* '''semyk''' + '''to koerenyf''' > ''koerenyf to semyk'' (= "my tired lady").
* '''semyk''' + '''to kørenyv''' > ''kørenyv to semyk'' (= "my tired lady").


====Comparative====
====Comparative====
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The ''higher degree comparative'' is usually formed with the word '''wa''' that precedes the adjective to which is referred, the second term is introduced by '''y''' ex.:
The ''higher degree comparative'' is usually formed with the word '''wa''' that precedes the adjective to which is referred, the second term is introduced by '''y''' ex.:


* ''Andd '''wa''' kalin '''y''' dennyr'' > A flower more beautiful than a tree.
* ''Andh '''wa''' kalin '''y''' dennyr'' > A flower more beautiful than a tree.


In the written language it is still used the old form with the suffix '''-wn''', ex.:
In the written language it is still used the old form with the suffix '''-wn''', ex.:


* ''Andd '''kalddwn''' '''y''' dennyr'' > A flower more beautiful than a tree.
* ''Andh '''kaldhwn''' '''y''' dennyr'' > A flower more beautiful than a tree.


The ''same degree comparative'' is formed with the periphrasis '''wddys''' + adjective + '''yffer''', ex.:  
The ''same degree comparative'' is formed with the periphrasis '''wdhys''' + adjective + '''yfer''', ex.:  


* ''Andd '''wddys''' kalin '''yffer''' dennyr'' > A flower as beautiful as a tree,
* ''Andh '''wdhys''' kalin '''yfer''' dennyr'' > A flower as beautiful as a tree,


The ''lower degree comparative'' is formed with the periphrasis '''myon''' + adjective + '''y''', ex.:
The ''lower degree comparative'' is formed with the periphrasis '''mŷon''' + adjective + '''y''', ex.:


* ''Andd '''myon''' kalin '''y''' dennyr'' > A flower less beautiful than a tree.
* ''Andh '''mŷon''' kalin '''y''' dennyr'' > A flower less beautiful than a tree.


=====Adjectives with an irregular higher degree comparative=====
=====Adjectives with an irregular higher degree comparative=====
Line 766: Line 766:
!'''Comparative'''
!'''Comparative'''
|-
|-
!iwydd
!iwŷdh
|areddwn
|aredhwn
!penyr
!penyr
|yswn
|yswn
|-
|-
!kalin
!kalin
|kalddwn
|kaldhwn
!red (= "easy")
!red (= "easy")
|rawn
|rawn
|-
|-
!migrin
!migrin
|meddwn
|medhwn
!meal
!meal
|myswn
|myswn
|-
|-
!polus (= "many/much")
!polus (= "many/much")
|pleddwn
|pledhwn
!alwyn (= "painful/agonizing")
!alwyn (= "painful/agonizing")
|alddwn
|aldhwn
|}
|}


Irregular higher degree comparatives are used as normal comparatives, ex.:
Irregular higher degree comparatives are used as normal comparatives, ex.:


* ''Ys hi areddwn y ey'' - You are better than me.
* ''Ys hi aredhwn y ey'' - You are better than me.


The comparative form is the same for both masculine and feminine nouns, but in the plural the two forms are different: ''areddwnoe'' vs. ''areddwnae''.
The comparative form is the same for both masculine and feminine nouns, but in the plural the two forms are different: ''aredhwnø'' vs. ''aredhwnæ''.


====Superlative====
====Superlative====


The superlative degree is generally formed with the word '''plyd''', that precedes the adjective to which is referred. The relative superlative is the same form of the absolute superlative, but it takes the definite article and is generally followed by a limitation, that is expressed with '''en''' (= "in") / '''efan''' (= "of"), ex.:
The superlative degree is generally formed with the word '''plyd''', that precedes the adjective to which is referred. The relative superlative is the same form of the absolute superlative, but it takes the definite article and is generally followed by a limitation, that is expressed with '''en''' (= "in") / '''evan''' (= "of"), ex.:


* ''Andd to '''plyd''' kalin '''en''' to kom'' - The most beautiful flower in the world.
* ''Andh to '''plyd''' kalin '''en''' to kom'' - The most beautiful flower in the world.


In the written language it is also used the old superlative with the suffix '''-yd''':
In the written language it is also used the old superlative with the suffix '''-yd''':


* ''Andd to '''kalyd''' '''efan''' to kom'' - The most beautiful flower of the world.
* ''Andh to '''kalyd''' '''evan''' to kom'' - The most beautiful flower of the world.


=====Adjectives with an irregular superlative=====
=====Adjectives with an irregular superlative=====
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!'''Superlative'''
!'''Superlative'''
|-
|-
!iwydd
!iwŷdh
|areddwn
|aredhwn
|aryd
|aryd
!penyr
!penyr
Line 823: Line 823:
|-
|-
!kalin
!kalin
|kalddwn
|kaldhwn
|kalyd
|kalyd
!red
!red
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|-
|-
!migrin
!migrin
|meddwn
|medhwn
|elehyd
|elegyd
!meal
!meal
|myswn
|myswn
Line 837: Line 837:
|-
|-
!polus
!polus
|pleddwn
|pledhwn
|plyd
|plyd
!alwyn
!alwŷn
|alddwn
|aldhwn
|alwyd
|alwŷd
|}
|}


Line 852: Line 852:
!'''Superlative'''
!'''Superlative'''
|-
|-
!paladd
!paladh
|wa paladd / paladd'''wn'''
|wa paladh / paladh'''wn'''
|plyd paladd / paladd'''yd'''
|plyd paladh / paladh'''yd'''
|-
|-
!lur
!lur
Line 869: Line 869:
|}
|}


The superlative has got only one singular form, in the plural masculine and feminine are different, ex.: '''aryd''' > '''arydoe''', '''arydae'''.
The superlative has got only one singular form, in the plural masculine and feminine are different, ex.: '''aryd''' > '''arydø''', '''arydæ'''.


====Numerals====
====Numerals====
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!1
!1
|eis
|eis
|prwdd
|prwdh
|-
|-
!2
!2
|dios
|dios
|deudder
|deudher
!3
!3
|trys
|trys
|tridd
|tridh
|-
|-
!4
!4
|tethar
|tethar
|tethardd
|tethardh
!5
!5
|pen
|pen
|pendd
|pendh
|-
|-
!6
!6
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|eth
|eth
!7
!7
|efft
|eft
|eudodd
|eudodh
|-
|-
!8
!8
Line 915: Line 915:
|owodh
|owodh
!9
!9
|enah
|enag
|enadd
|enadh
|-
|-
!10
!10
|deg
|deg
|degadd
|degadh
!11
!11
|enneg
|enneg
|ennegadd
|ennegadh
|-
|-
!12
!12
|dydeg
|dydeg
|dydegadd
|dydegadh
!13
!13
|trydeg
|trydeg
|trydegadd
|trydegadh
|-
|-
!14
!14
|tethardeg
|tethardeg
|tethardegadd
|tethardegadh
!15
!15
|penneg
|penneg
|pennegadd
|pennegadh
|-
|-
!16
!16
|eddeg
|eddeg
|eddegadd
|eddegadh
!17
!17
|effteg
|efteg
|efftegadd
|eftegadh
|-
|-
!18
!18
|othwdeg
|othwdeg
|othwdegadd
|othwdegadh
!19
!19
|enadeg
|enadeg
|enadegadd
|enadegadh
|-
|-
!20
!20
|iwaen
|iwæn
|iwaed
|iwæd
!21
!21
|iwaen sun eis
|iwæn sun eis
|iwaed sun prwdd
|iwæd sun prwdh
|-
|-
!22
!22
|iwaen sun dios
|iwæn sun dios
|iwaed sun deudder
|iwæd sun deudher
!30
!30
|iwaen-deg
|iwæn-deg
|iwaendegadd
|iwændegadh
|-
|-
!31
!31
|iwaen-deg sun eis
|iwæn-deg sun eis
|iwaendegadd sun prwdd
|iwændegadh sun prwdh
!40
!40
|dioewaen
|diøwæn
|dioewaed
|diøwæd
|-
|-
!50
!50
|dioewaen-deg
|diøwæn-deg
|dioewaendegadd
|diøwændegadh
!60
!60
|triwaen
|triwæn
|triwaed
|triwæd
|-
|-
!70
!70
|triwaen-deg
|triwæn-deg
|triwaen-degadd
|triwæn-degadh
!80
!80
|tetharwaen
|tetharwæn
|tetharwaed
|tetharwæd
|-
|-
!90
!90
|tetharwaen-deg
|tetharwæn-deg
|tetharwaendegadd
|tetharwændegadh
!100
!100
|egadd
|egad
|egaddod
|egadhod
|}
|}


From '''egadd''' on, the numbers can be masculine or feminine:
From '''egadh''' on, the numbers can be masculine or feminine:


{| {{Table/bluetable}} style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle"
{| {{Table/bluetable}} style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle"
Line 1,007: Line 1,007:
|-
|-
!200
!200
|diagesioe/ae
|diagesiø/æ
|diagesiod
|diagesiod
!300
!300
|trygesioe/ae
|trygesiø/æ
|trygesiod
|trygesiod
|-
|-
!400
!400
|tethragesioe/ae
|tethragesiø/æ
|tethragesiod
|tethragesiod
!500
!500
|pennagesioe/ae
|pennagesiø/æ
|pennagesiod
|pennagesiod
|-
|-
!600
!600
|esagesioe/ae
|esagesiø/æ
|esagesiod
|esagesiod
!700
!700
|efftagesioe/ae
|eftagesiø/æ
|efftagesiod
|eftagesiod
|-
|-
!800
!800
|othagesioe/ae
|othagesiø/æ
|othagesiod
|othagesiod
!900
!900
|enagesioe/ae
|enagesiø/æ
|enagesiod
|enagesiod
|-
|-
!1000
!1000
|hilioe/ae
|hiliø/æ
|hiliod
|hiliod
!2000
!2000
|diahilioe/ae
|diahiliø/æ
|diahiliod
|diahiliod
|-
|-
!3000
!3000
|tryhilioe/ae
|tryhiliø/æ
|tryhiliod
|tryhiliod
!4000
!4000
|tethrahilioe/ae
|tethrahiliø/æ
|tethrahiliod
|tethrahiliod
|-
|-
!5000
!5000
|pennahilioe/ae
|pennahiliø/æ
|pennahiliod
|pennahiliod
!6000
!6000
|esahilioe/ae
|esahiliø/æ
|esahiliod
|esahiliod
|-
|-
!7000
!7000
|efftahilioe/ae
|eftahiliø/æ
|efftahiliod
|eftahiliod
!8000
!8000
|othahilioe/ae
|othahiliø/æ
|othahiliod
|othahiliod
|-
|-
!10000
!10000
|mirioe/ae
|miriø/æ
|miriod
|miriod
!11000
!11000
|mirioe/ae sun hilioe/ae
|miriø/æ sun hiliø/æ
|miriod sun hiliod
|miriod sun hiliod
|-
|-
!20000
!20000
|dimirioe/ae
|dimiriø/æ
|dimiriod
|dimiriod
!100000
!100000
|egadd-hilioe
|egadh-hiliø
|egadd-hiliod
|egadh-hiliod
|-
|-
!500000
!500000
|pennagesioe-hilioe
|pennagesiø-hiliø
|pennagesioe-hiliod
|pennagesiø-hiliod
!1000000
!1000000
|kryn
|kryn
Line 1,084: Line 1,084:
|-
|-
!2000000
!2000000
|dios krynoe
|dios krynø
|deudder krynod
|deudher krynod
!1000000
!1000000
|riagryn
|riagryn
Llyn
886

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