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Brytho-Hellenic: Difference between revisions
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→Nouns, gender and number
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!'''Meaning''' | !'''Meaning''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | !ligh | ||
|lidhoi | |lidhoi | ||
|masculine | |masculine | ||
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|book | |book | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | !erugh | ||
|erudhas | |erudhas | ||
|masculine | |masculine | ||
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|moon | |moon | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | !celgh | ||
|celdhoi | |celdhoi | ||
|masculine | |masculine | ||
|priest | |priest | ||
! | !cilgh | ||
|celdhai | |celdhai | ||
|feminine | |feminine | ||
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|masculine | |masculine | ||
|tree | |tree | ||
! | !cagh | ||
|cadhas | |cadhas | ||
|masculine | |masculine | ||
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|masculine | |masculine | ||
|star | |star | ||
! | !omagh | ||
|omadhas | |omadhas | ||
|masculine | |masculine | ||
|eye | |eye | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | !cedhygh | ||
|cedhydhas | |cedhydhas | ||
|masculine | |masculine | ||
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|- | |- | ||
!derwydd | !derwydd | ||
| | |daruigh | ||
|daruidhas | |daruidhas | ||
|masculine | |masculine | ||
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|- | |- | ||
!ofydd | !ofydd | ||
| | |evigh | ||
|evidhas | |evidhas | ||
|masculine | |masculine | ||
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|- | |- | ||
!bleydh | !bleydh | ||
| | |bleigh | ||
|bleidhas | |bleidhas | ||
|masculine | |masculine | ||
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|} | |} | ||
Some words have a counterpart whose meaning has shifted: from the Greek ''ουάτις'', a word mentioned by Strabo and of Proto-Celtic origin (*''vatis''), comes ''' | Some words have a counterpart whose meaning has shifted: from the Greek ''ουάτις'', a word mentioned by Strabo and of Proto-Celtic origin (*''vatis''), comes '''guegh''', "astute person" < "one who can predict the moves of enemies" < "soothsayer". From the same root comes of course the Brythonic word ''ofydd'', that has been taken as loan once the Greeks reached Great Britain. | ||
Another example is the word '''bard''', that has substituted the Ancient Greek ''ἀοιδός'', whose descendant, '''auid''', has got the meaning of "artist". | Another example is the word '''bard''', that has substituted the Ancient Greek ''ἀοιδός'', whose descendant, '''auid''', has got the meaning of "artist". | ||
Even the word '''auen''' has substituted another Greek word, '''daivon''' < *''δαιμόνος'' < ''δαιμόνιον'', that now has the meaning of "puck, spirit"; the plural '''Auenai''' is also used to mean '''Musai''', plural of '''Mus''' < ''Mοῦσα'', "Muse". | Even the word '''auen''' has substituted another Greek word, '''daivon''' < *''δαιμόνος'' < ''δαιμόνιον'', that now has the meaning of "puck, spirit"; the plural '''Auenai''' is also used to mean '''Musai''', plural of '''Mus''' < ''Mοῦσα'', "Muse". | ||
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Mostly the feminine form of such nouns come from the masculine one by adding some suffixes: | Mostly the feminine form of such nouns come from the masculine one by adding some suffixes: | ||
* '''-er''' (pl. ''-(e)rai''), mostly added to masculine nouns ending with ''-ydh'' and denoting agent, ex.: ''' | * '''-er''' (pl. ''-(e)rai''), mostly added to masculine nouns ending with ''-ydh'' and denoting agent, ex.: '''melbygh''' (= "singer") > '''melbydher''' (plural: ''melbydhrai''); | ||
* '''-en''' (pl. ''-anai''), added to many nouns, ex.: '''ether''' > '''ethren''' (plural: ''ethranai''); '''fil''' > '''filen''' (plural: ''filanai''); | * '''-en''' (pl. ''-anai''), added to many nouns, ex.: '''ether''' > '''ethren''' (plural: ''ethranai''); '''fil''' > '''filen''' (plural: ''filanai''); | ||
* '''-e-''' (pl. ''-a-ai''), that replaces the ending ''a + consonant'' of many masculine nouns, ex.: '''elaf''' (= "deer") > '''elef''' (plural: ''elafai''); '''mau''' (= "sorcerer") > '''meu''' (= "witch") (plural: ''mauai''). | * '''-e-''' (pl. ''-a-ai''), that replaces the ending ''a + consonant'' of many masculine nouns, ex.: '''elaf''' (= "deer") > '''elef''' (plural: ''elafai''); '''mau''' (= "sorcerer") > '''meu''' (= "witch") (plural: ''mauai''). | ||
Sometimes the feminine form is obtained by changing the last vowel, ex.: ''' | Sometimes the feminine form is obtained by changing the last vowel, ex.: '''celgh''' > '''cilgh''' (plural: ''celdhai''). | ||
===Articles=== | ===Articles=== | ||