Linguifex

Caryatic: Difference between revisions

Page Discussion

Caryatic (view source)

Revision as of 18:20, 8 March 2016

2,655 bytes added ,  8 March 2016
Many changes and additions
(Many changes and additions)
Line 47: Line 47:
** '''Timuric''' (pretty much identical to Ancient Egyptian, since reconstructing the vowels makes it something of a conlang in itself)
** '''Timuric''' (pretty much identical to Ancient Egyptian, since reconstructing the vowels makes it something of a conlang in itself)


In the context of this word, Caryatic roughly takes the place of Greek and Latin, Elerain that of Latin and Germanic, Safuntic that of Phoenician, and Timuric that of Egyptian.
In the context of this world, Caryatic roughly takes the place of Greek and Latin, Elerain that of Latin and Germanic. Safuntic takes the place of Phoenician, Timuric that of Egyptian.


<!-- ***Phonology*** -->
<!-- ***Phonology*** -->
Line 185: Line 185:


* '''Nasal assimilation:''' [Note that these sound laws are, for the most part, not reflected in the standard orthography]
* '''Nasal assimilation:''' [Note that these sound laws are, for the most part, not reflected in the standard orthography]
*# Nasals drop before homoörganic sounds, with nasalization of the previous vowel.
*# Nasals drop before homoörganic sounds, with nasalization of the previous vowel. (For the purpose of this rule, /n/ counts as homoörganic to both alveolar and velar sounds)
*# Nasals assimilate to the place of the following sound.
*# Nasals assimilate to the place of the following sound.


Line 211: Line 211:


<!--===Prosody===-->
<!--===Prosody===-->
====Stress====
===Accent===
The accent is probably pitch-based, rather than stress-based, but this is uncertain. It is assigned as follows:
The accent is probably pitch-based, rather than stress-based, but this is uncertain.<ref>In fact, this idea is very recent, and is based mainly on the fact that when David Salo attempted [[#Letter to The Salos|to read Caryatic outloud]] (December 2013—January 2014) he sounded much more using a pitch accent than a stress accent.</ref>  It is assigned as follows:
# Accent falls on the long vowel nearest the beginning of the word.
# Accent falls on the long vowel nearest the beginning of the word.
# If there are no long vowels, accent falls on the first syllable.
# If there are no long vowels, accent falls on the first syllable.
<!--====Intonation====-->
<!--====Intonation====


===Phonotactics===
===Phonotactics===-->
<!-- Explain the consonant clusters and vowel clusters that are permissible for use in the language. For example, "st" is an allowed consonant cluster in English while onset "ng" isn't. -->
<!-- Explain the consonant clusters and vowel clusters that are permissible for use in the language. For example, "st" is an allowed consonant cluster in English while onset "ng" isn't. -->
===Morphophonology===
===Morphophonology===
Line 236: Line 236:
==Syntax==
==Syntax==
===Constituent order===
===Constituent order===
Caryatic is strongly, nearly relentlessly, head-final. Basic word order is, therefor, SOV.
===Noun phrase===
===Noun phrase===
Noun phrases go in the following order:
: ('''{Article}''') ('''{Adective Phrase}''' or '''{genitive Noun Phrase}''') '''Noun'''
===Verb phrase===
===Verb phrase===
Verb phrases go in the following order
: ('''{indirect object}''' or '''{Prepositional Phrase}''') ('''{direct object}''' or '''{dependent clause}''') '''Verb'''
===Sentence phrase===
===Sentence phrase===
Main clauses end in sentence determiner, of which the following are known:
:{|
| ''ga''
| declarative
|-
| ''ra''
| interrogative
|-
| ''ya''
| imparative
|-
| ''dā''
| exclamstive
|}
===Dependent clauses===
===Dependent clauses===
<!-- etc. etc. -->
Dependent clauses do not use sentence determiners, and are marked by the clitic form of the verb, if it has one.


==Example texts==
==Example texts==


===Letter to The Salos===
===Letter to The Salos===
A slightly modified version of a letter originally written for Andrew Sihler. Both versions were likely sent in early January 1998.
A slightly modified version<ref>In fact, they vary only in their salutation: the original reads ''Yūdīs Masfīus Andrayā Sīlir-ad''.</ref> of a letter originally written for Andrew Sihler. Both versions were likely sent in early January 1998.
:Yūdīs Masfīus tās Salūnas-ad
:Yūdīs Masfīus tās Salūnas-ad
:Ti taisam Kaimānam Pirâda-an āsmi. Sas vaiks anāï “''Hell''” nāma-sānt ādi-ga. Au sī pirâdā a “upānā” au kavānā âdi-ga. Ti mama dimba-sa garfu-ga. Tād āh nāma “Kāriātikā” âdi-ga. Igu tua ī-sa, tāssānt ī “Indaurupayā” âdi, garfu-ga. Tū pid hāsi-ra? Tū tī dimba gankasi-ra?<br/>
:Ti taisam Kaimānam Pirâda-an āsmi. Sas vaiks anāï “''Hell''” nāma-sānt ādi-ga. Au sī pirâdā a “upānā” au kavānā âdi-ga. Ti mama dimba-sa garfu-ga. Tād āh nāma “Kāriātikā” âdi-ga. Igu tua ī-sa, tāssānt ī “Indaurupayā” âdi, garfu-ga. Tū pid hāsi-ra? Tū tī dimba gankasi-ra?
:
: ''Justin to the Salos''
: ''I am in the Cayman Islands. There is a town here named "Hell." But this island is not infernal but heavenly. I write you in my language. Its name is "Caryatic." I write you in it, because it is Indo-European. What do you think? Do you understand this language?''<br/>
 
 
: Yūdīs Masfīus tās Salūnas-ad
: Yūdīs Masfīus tās Salūnas-ad
: [ˈjuːtiːz masˈfiːws tʰɑːssaˈluːnazat]
: [ˈjuːtiːz masˈfiːws tʰɑːssaˈluːnazat]
Line 256: Line 284:
:
:
: Sas vaiks anāï “''Hell''" nāma-sānt ādi-ga.
: Sas vaiks anāï “''Hell''" nāma-sānt ādi-ga.
: [sas ϕajkʰs aˈnɑːhi] “Hell” [ˈnɑːmazɑ̃ːt ˈɑːtika]
: [sas ϕajkʰs aˈnɑːɦi] “Hell” [ˈnɑːmazɑ̃ːt ˈɑːtika]
:
:
: Au sī pirâdā a “upānā” au kavānā âdi-ga.
: Au sī pirâdā a “upānā” au kavānā âdi-ga.
: [aw zipʰiˈrʲɑːta ha huˈpʰɑːnaː haw kʰaˈβɑːnɑː ˈhɑːtika]
: [aw ˈziː pʰiˈrʲɑːta ɦa ɦuˈpʰɑːnaː ɦaw kʰaˈβɑːnɑː ˈɦɑːtika]
:
:
: Ti mama dimba-sa garfu-ga.
: Ti mama dimba-sa garfu-ga.
Line 265: Line 293:
:
:
:  Tād āh nāma “Kāriātikā” âdi-ga.
:  Tād āh nāma “Kāriātikā” âdi-ga.
: [tʰɑːˈtɑːɣ ˈnɑːma ˈkʰɑːrʲjɑːtʰiˌkʰɑː ˈhɑːtika]
: [tʰɑːˈtɑːɣ ˈnɑːma ˈkʰɑːrʲjɑːtʰiˌkʰɑː ˈɦɑːtika]
:
:
:Igu tua ī-sa, tāssānt ī “Indaurupayā” âdi, garfu-ga.  
:Igu tua ī-sa, tāssānt ī “Indaurupayā” âdi, garfu-ga.  
: [ˈiku tʰwa ˈhiːza tʰɑːssɑ̃t iː hĩtawrʲupʰaˈjɑːhaːti ˈkarʲvuka]
: [ˈiku tʰwa ˈɦiːza tʰɑːssɑ̃t iː ɦĩtawrʲupʰaˈjɑːhaːti ˈkarʲvuka]
:
:
: Tū pid hāsi-ra?
: Tū pid hāsi-ra?
Line 276: Line 304:
: [tʰuː tʰiː ˈtĩpa ˈkãkʰazirʲa]
: [tʰuː tʰiː ˈtĩpa ˈkãkʰazirʲa]
:
:
[[:File:David Salo reads the Epistle to Sihler.wav|The above text, read by David Salo]]:
<span id="Epistle">[http://linguifex.com/w/images/5/5f/David_Salo_reads_the_Epistle_to_Sihler.wav The above text, read by David Salo]]:
[[File:David Salo reads the Epistle to Sihler.wav]]
[[File:David Salo reads the Epistle to Sihler.wav]]</span>
 
===On Dragons===
The original file notes that this is "[f]rom a manuscript found in the Dîvakunis Archives at Bâtavaiks," which implies that this is an elementary text for Bataic speakers learning Caryatic.
 
# Ti taisâm tâmasram dikântam gânâsâ pâmpâ isânti-ga.
# Sâ âh anitus pâtâkâ praûs âdi-ga.
# Sâ âlfs dikâs ti snaiva-a dâmâî-ga.
# Sâ nâks dikâs tis guarkan bântias-a raudî-ga
# Is sama siyinkâ akuarin âghârfî-pâ, [......] pâpi-ga.
# Â, Tâ dârva-ân dâmâî dikânta, tâ hâl dikânta pîrîbâkyu-ya!
# Sâ âh anitû di-ta numanâ, tân-da âpa bâaisî.
# Au sâ flaus dikâs tis savas sinktuas tâtikas-ân dâmâî-ga.
# ...............................
 
 
# There are five kinds of evil dragons.
# The white dragon lives in the snow
# Its breath is deadly frost.
# The black dragon lurks in muddy swamps.
# It spits out a slick black acid, and eats [decayed?] flesh.
# Beware the dragon that lives in the forest, the green dragon!
# Its breath burns the eyes and the lungs.
# But the blue dragon dwells in the hot sandy deserts.
# [It shoots a bolt of lightning from its mouth.]
 


==Other resources==
==Other resources==
Line 284: Line 337:
== External Links ==
== External Links ==
* [http://cals.conlang.org/language/caryatic/ Caryatic] on CALS
* [http://cals.conlang.org/language/caryatic/ Caryatic] on CALS
== Notes ==
<references/>


<!-- Template area -->
<!-- Template area -->
Iustinus
105

edits

Retrieved from "https://linguifex.com/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/47145"