Dama Diwan: Difference between revisions

|nativename    = {{Daman Diwan / Daman}}''

|pronunciation = |dʰɐmːäŋ dʰiβäŋ|

|image=Dama_diwan_emblem.jpg

|states        = the whole earth

 

|script       = [[Latin alphabet]]<br>*any script of the world<br>*the 10 digits 0123456789.<br>*Daman Braille consisting of only 10 symbols.<br>*the DamanDaman  10-element systems: logographic and phonemic at the same time. |notice        = IPA

== Grammar / kiwan nijo ==

=some/any. (Occurs only in divination messages).

The very idea of Daman Diwan having an ideal standardized version seems well incongruous to its concept of being the easiest language to all and personalizable in all those ways explained previously; that is why it has a great many allophones to its phonemes, so that each person can use the easiest for him/her. Then why should we define a standardized form? It is not meant to be used by the users of Dama, and even the most enthusiastic promoter of Daman cannot use that standardized form exactly. Still, there may be some usefulness in describing such a standardized form, for that can be the "shopfront display" of Dama; it will help the language appear neat, small and easy, as it really is, before one gets to know the many allophones and alternative usages that may give a false impression that the language is too rich. Also, the ideal standardized form will set a "golden" central form to be targeted, although nobody has to achieve it. This standardized ideal form has been defined by all forms of divination, especially dreams, and by the practical usage of the language during its 4 years of use. So, all the phonemes will be presented below with their ideal standardized forms:

In extended Dama, when a vowel is lengthened for intensification, it changes its height: it becomes close if it was open (in monosyllabic words) and it becomes open if it was close (in the stems of disyllabic words). Vowel lenghthening for showing intensification is also accompanied by a higher tone (pitch).

The stressed syllable of words is the first syllable; however, if the second syllable of disyllabic words is lengthened for showing diminution, that second syllable is stressed instead of the first one.

A /h/ is inserted between vowels belonging to different words, and between -N+v- (that is, an /h/ is also pronounced before a vowel that follows a -N of the previous word). The /ʔ/ is inserted between vowels of the same word (occurring only in extended Dama). When a I or U is next to another vowel within a word, it turns to /j/ / /w/ respectively. If there are two successive vowels in a word of extended Dama, the second one is stressed, except if the first one is A, then this A is stressed.

In extended Dama, WUv- and JIv- (v=vowel) are turned to WOv- and JEv- respectively. Prefixes are never stressed.

In singing or chanting, monosyllabic words are followed by /x/, which turns to the same consonant as the following if it is k / t / b / r / s; e.g., TO BE SIRO is to be pronounced TOB BES SIRO; but TO NE JATO is to be pronounced as TOx NEx JATO (because there is no "repeatable" consonant after the /x/).

In conversation, /x/ is not used, but only a /ʔ/ at the end of stressed monosyllabic words followed by j / w / n / m, and no consonants are "repeated" (i.e. lengthened), except that M should always be slightly longer than N.

(This connection of letters to numerical digits has been done by means of sortition; however, there is a noted similarity to old and modern Hebrew letters, which are given in the square brackets)

: . =2 =O, o, u, w.

: - =1 =I, i, e, j

: -- =9 =R, r

: -.. =0 =S, s

: .-. =8 =g, G, k

: ..- =5 =b, B

:(In Dama, the difference between I/E, U/O is not phonemic. J and W as phonemes are different, but Daman words only start with CONSONANTS (including J, W), and then there is always a vowel after each consonant with the exception of final N (which is better, but not compulsory, to be pronounced as /ŋ/). Therefore, 16127 can only be JAJON or JAJUN, both correct in Dama; and the same happens with all other Daman words: they can be rendered totally correctly by the use of only the 10 digits, that is with a pad of only 10 digits plus a space key. The connection of the 10 digits to Latin letters is obvious, based on similarity of shape.)

:kata sute-kuto ke, i-ka sije-i-jete-bumo-rasa numo-sako-tube-won-sa kukan kuta-kikon-sa ruro bira be-wo i be man-sake-bumo rure-kuto i, man-jeto-buno-wo, tuben kure-i.

([https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B9UcDJ_wbDL7ZmNhcTBmc09ocXM hear it])